• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.440-453
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• 2020

Given the dynamics of the changing economic or financial conditions in Chungcheong province in the domestic capital market, foreign and domestic investments are expected to continually increase their investments in volume and size in this particular province. Considering the unprecedented business climate, it may be essential to examine the primary financial aspects, such as corporate profitability, growth rate, and capital structure, which may work as effective catalysts to enhance corporate value. Concerning the outcomes, five proposed variables, such as market-value based leverage ratio, growth rate, Tobin's Q, business risk, and R&D intensity, highlighted the significant effects to determine the current level of profitability. Moreover, two variables, such as profitability and firm size, shared commonalities to discriminate between firms in the Chungcheong province (96 firms) and their counterparts (746 firms) in the other domestic provinces in terms of the growth rate and financial leverage. In contrast, three variables, including the interaction effect and firm size, had pronounced effects on profitability. The results of the study are expected to help enhance the corporate value in Chungcheong province by controlling the level of each significant factor.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.296-306
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• 2016

There is a growing interest in establishing a regional climate change adaptation policy as the climate change impact in the region and local scale increases. This study focused on the analysis of 32 regions on its characteristics of local climate change adaptation plans. First, statistic program R was used for conducting cluster analysis based on the frequency and budgets of adaptation plan. Further, we analyzed damage frequency from newspapers regarding climate change impacts in eight categories which were caused by extreme weather events on 2,565 cases for 24 years. Lastly, the characteristics of climate change adaptation plan was compared with damage frequency patterns for evaluating the adequacy of climate change adaptation plan on each cluster. Four different clusters were created by cluster analysis. Most clusters clearly have their own characteristics on certain sectors. There was a high frequency of damage in 'disaster' and 'health' sectors. Climate change adaptation plan and budget also invested a lot on those sectors. However, when comparing the relative rate among regional governments, there was a difference between types of damage and climate change adaptation plan. We assumed that the difference could come from that each region established their adaptation plans based on not only the frequency of damage, but vulnerability assessment, and expert opinions as well. The result of study could contribute to policy making of climate change adaptation plan.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.259-269
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• 2014

After global financial crisis, the ratio of household debt to GDP was decreasing in other advanced countries such as the U.S., and the U.K. and so on. But, in Korea, household debt (of which residential mortgage loan account for a large part) ratio is still increasing. This paper focuses on the scale and characteristics of households in negative housing equity (those are called House-poors in Korea), and also the socio-economic backgrounds of the formation process. In financial perspective, the problem of negative housing equity depends on financial debt repayment capability. We used DSR (Debt Service Ratio) and LTA (Loan to Asset ratio) as financial indicators to evaluate the debt repayment capability. The critical value of DSR is assumed as 40%, and LTA 100%. The socio-economic backgrounds of the House-poors are as follows : increasing households debt dependency, over lending competition of financial institutions and unreasonable loan in household economy, instability of real estate market, week regulation on mortgage loan. Finally, this paper suggests some implications about the range and the target of public intervention.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.61-73
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• 2004

In this study, I have analyzed domestic dental clinics which had introduced CRM for customer satisfaction management. The purpose of this study is to provide information for designing efficient CRM. I would suggest some strategies to carry out CRM as followed. First, promote long-term relationship with customers. Second, select a target patient group and classify customers. Third, set a systematic database up. Fourth, make various channels to communicate with customers. In addition, the following ways are essential to be successful in implementing CRM. First, strengthen the service provided at the Moment of Truth (MOT). Second, organize learning in hospital and all the staff should be customer-oriented. Third, perform systematic "internal marketing".

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.169-183
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• 2019

Should a startup file for a patent subject to imitation in its quest to attract venture capital(VC) investors? Considering the US pharmaceutical biotechnology industry context, this paper attempts to answer this question by investigating the relations between the number of applied patents of startups, patent imitability, and the total amount of money the startups received as their first VC funding round. Data of 157 US-based pharmaceutical biotechnology startups founded in between 1995 and 2005 are analyzed. Empirical results from this study show that the number of applied patents is positively related to the total amount of money received at the time of the first funding round, and patent imitability is negatively related to the total amount of money received as first VC funding round. Nonetheless, the interaction term between the number of applied patents of startups and patent imitability came out as positive, raising interesting questions and implications for innovation-oriented startup entrepreneurs. The current study's empirical findings suggest that, in the pharmaceutical biotechnology sector, VC investors pay attention to the quantity and quality of the patents possessed by startups when they decide the level of funding. In particular, imitability of applied patents may not be a one-sided concept related to negative features such as the weak protectability of an invention. Rather, patent imitability may be a multi-facet element which also contains positive attractiveness of the startup's invention. Furthermore, it seems that the positive side of imitability can be augmented by the number of applied patents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.904-914
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• 2020

Through the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy, South Korea is trying to support the "Building Project for Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) Bunkering Ship," centered on the Korea Gas Corporation, while the Ministry of Maritime Af airs and Fisheries is pushing to construct an LNG bunkering terminal at Busan New Port. LNG bunkering ships are essential for supplying LNG fuel from the terminal to the ships, resulting in the need for safety operation procedures. Therefore, in this study, the stability of a coastal LNG bunkering ship operating from Busan New Port to the anchorage in Busan Port was assessed to investigate the need for operational procedures for coastal LNG bunkering ships. Seakeeping analysis of the LNG bunkering ship was performed for each significant wave height by combining the response amplitude operator from the ship motion analysis under the potential flow theory with the actual observed sea data for five years and Texel, Marsen, and Arsloe (TMA) spectrum suitable for the Busan coast. The results showed that the roll and horizontal acceleration were the main risks that affected the navigation seakeeping performance above a significance wave height of 2 m. The operational periods of the LNG bunkering ship ranged from 83.3% to 99.9% of the total observation period.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.70-85
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• 2023

Purpose: Several studies have been conducted on the relationship between green tea intake and metabolic syndrome. However, compared to the studies carried out internationally, there is inadequate research on the relationship between domestic green tea consumption and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, in this study, the general characteristics of Koreans according to their green tea intake and its association with metabolic syndrome were examined. Methods: A total of 44,611 subjects were included in the study, and analysis was carried out using data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) for Korean adults aged 40 or older. Green tea consumption was estimated using 106 verified food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Metabolic syndrome was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) parameters. After adjusting for confounding variables by performing a Cox regression analysis, the association between green tea consumption and metabolic syndrome was confirmed through the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The average incidence of metabolic syndrome was 18.7% (20.8% in men and 17.8% in women). Compared to those who drank almost no green tea, in subject groups consuming more than one cup of green tea a day, the metabolic syndrome incidence was significantly reduced by 15% (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.96; p trend = 0.0200) among men and by 19% (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.73-0.90; p trend < 0.0001) among women. In addition, the biomarkers related to metabolic syndrome also tended to decrease overall in these groups. Conclusion: This study concluded that as the intake of green tea increased, the incidence of metabolic syndrome and related indicators decreased. Therefore, green tea intake is believed to have a positive effect on the prevention and management of the metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.171-177
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• 2022

The retirement of the Korean baby boomer generation has become a major factor in an aging society as a large proportion of the population has moved from the middle-aged to the elderly. In addition, after being busy working at a structured workplace for over 30 years, after retirement, they could not adapt to the unstructured environment, causing depression and leading to social problems such as the risk of suicide. research was needed. This study uses photovoice to in-depth research on the research question of how retirees' perception of death preparation, who wants to live a life prepared until death, is used. This is the purpose of this study. The study participants were 7 baby boomer retirees, the data were collected for 2 months, and the perception derived as a result of analyzing the photos, explanations, and in-depth interviews taken by the subject analysis method was used to prepare It was a necessity for education. In the discussion of this study, it is urgent to develop a death preparation education program that can help the baby boomer retirees, and I would like to suggest that the cooperation of local organizations in charge of the program is necessary. This study is meaningful in that it presents basic data in preparing social welfare policy measures for the elderly after retirement through the awareness of death preparations of baby boomer retirees.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.175-209
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• 2019

The bundled discounting which the dominant undertakings engage in is problematic in terms of competition restraint. Bundled discounts generally benefit not only buyers but also sellers. Specifically, bundled discounts usually costs a firm less to sell multiple products. In addition, Bundled discounts always provide some immediate consumer benefit in the form of lower prices. Therefore, competition authorities and courts should not be too quick to condemn bundled discounts and apply the neutral and objective standard in bundled discounting cases. Cascade Health v. Peacehealth decision starts ruling from this prerequisite. This decision pointed out that the dominant undertaking can exclude rivals through bundled discounting without pricing its products below its cost when rivals do not sell as great a number of product lines. So bundled discounting may have the anticompetitive impact by excluding less diversified but more efficient producers. This decision did not adopt Lepage case's standard which does not require the court to consider whether the competitor was at least as efficient of a producer as the bundled discounter. Instead of that, based on cost based approach, this decision said that the exclusionary element can not be satisfied unless the discounts result in prices that are below an appropriate measures of the defendant's costs. By adopting a discount attribution standard, this decision said that the full amount of the discounts should be allocated to the competitive products. As the seller can easily ascertain its own prices and costs of production and calculate whether its discounting practices exclude competitors, not the competitor's costs but the dominant undertaking's costs should be considered in applying discount attribution standard. This case deals with bundled discounting practice of multiple healthcare services by the dominant undertaking in healthcare market. Under the Korean healthcare system and public health insurance system, the price competition primarily exists in non-medical care benefits because public healthcare insurance in Korea is in combination with the compulsory medical care institution system. The cases that Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Law deals with, such as cartel and the abuse of monopoly power, also mainly exist in non-medical care benefits. The dominant undertaking's exclusionary bundled discounting in Korean healthcare markets may be practiced in the contracts between the dominant undertaking and private insurance companies with regards to non-medical care benefits.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5271-5283
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental materials for improving school health promotion programs by investigating the relationships between the change in obesity rate and risk factors of metabolic syndrome among middle school students in Ulsan. We analyzed the routine health check-up data in 58,298 2nd-year middle school students in Ulsan, which conducted by the Planned Population Federation of Korea from 2007 to 2011. The overall and girls obesity rates gradually decreased throughout the first four years but increased again in 2011. The boys obesity rates were highest in 2008 and lowest in 2010. Throughout the research years, the incidence rates of over-weight and obesity were statistically significantly higher in boys compared to girls(P<0.05). Prevalence rates of the metabolic syndrome, assessed with the modified Cook criteria except high blood pressure, were 0.58%, 0%, 0.01%, 0.31% and 4.53%, respectively in total, low, normal, over-weight, and obese groups. It indicates that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing and directly related to the obesity rate among adolescents. Hypertriglyceridemia was the most common component (36.58%) of the metabolic syndrome among the middles school students followed by low HDL cholesterol (6.47%), abdominal obesity (3.72%), and high blood sugar (0.47%). Prevalence of the various components of the metabolic syndrome were significantly higher in the obese group compared to other groups. In this study we observed the decrease in obesity rates between 2007 and 2010, and developing obesity prevention programs is essential in order to maintain the trend. Additional study should be necessary to find the cause of increase of obesity rate in 2011 and so to create more effective school health promotion programmes.