• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.189-194
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• 2005

The interest of people is rising on water leisure and the population of water sports is increasing with expanded nationwide roads and 5-day work system for income elevation. However, there are many discussions about the way to prevent the accident related to water leisure activities. Water Leisure Safety Regulation was enacted in 1999 as a part of the way and revised in 2005. Therefore it needs to grasp the present state of water leisure activities and analyze the actual condition of consciousness. For the analysis. the question survey was conducted on water leisurers in the focus with regulation of the revised so that the degree of relevance and correlation between mutual variables were analyzed by Frequency and Crosstabs. From this study we found that more than $60\%$ of water leisurers thought registration, safety instruction, insurance, and safety inspection necessary and there was a characteristic common inclination to all for necessity to impose legal controls on water leisure activities as the level of dissatisfaction for water leisure apparatus and cognition for necessity of insurance was high.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2015

BACKGROUND: During the winter, the use of deicers was rapidly increased for reduction of traffic accidents as well as injuries in Korea, whose components are largely comprised of calcium chloride and sodium chloride. Recently, to reduce the adverse effects of chloride-deciers such as pollution of water and soil, and decrease of agricultural productivity, the attention of eco-friendly deciers have been increased. This study aimed to investigate biological effects of magnesium chloride deicer (PC-10) and organic acid deicer (EFD-1) against wheat, barley, and spinach. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined the effect of two deciers, PC-10 and EFD-1 on the seed germination and growth of wheat, barley and spinach. EFD-1 showed higher suppression of the germination than PC-10 among tested crop seeds. In demage index of the seedlings of the crops, there was no symptoms in spinach such as spotting and color change of leaves. EFD-1 showed much stronger inhibitory effect on the germination of tested crop seeds than PC-10 when crops were exposed continuously to tested deciers in soils. The growth and shoot and root in examined crops was relatively higher in PC-10 treatment than in EFD-1 treatment when compared to the control. The biomass decrease was found in all examined conditions of deciers. PC-10 showed 23-35% reduction of biomass whereas EFD-1 exhibited 39-84% loss in all examined crops at over 2% concentration. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the effects of deicers used in this study by inputting into soil against growing tested crops cause the reduction of germination of seeds, growth, and biomass compared to the control.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.367-378
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• 2018

Purpose: The objective of this study is to present a reasonable safety management of the anchored in-situ wall systems constructed in the ground conditions consisting of multi-layered soils underlain by bedrocks in the urban area of Korea. Method: Field measurements collected from collapse case histories with deep excavations were analyzed for the safety management of the wall systems supported by the earth anchors in terms of lateral displacement rates. Results: The average maximum lateral displacement rate in a collapsed zone of the in-situ wall significantly increased upon the completion of the excavation. Particularly, the collapse of the in-situ wall system due to the sliding occurring along the discontinuities of the rock produced a considerably large lateral displacement rate over a relatively short period. Conclusion: For predicting and preventing the collapse of the wall system during or after the excavation work, the utilization of the safety management criteria of the in-situ wall system by the lateral displacement rate was found to be much more reasonable in judging the safety of earthworks than the application of the quantitative management criteria which have been commonly used in the excavation sites.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.174-180
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• 2020

With the removal of underwater obstacles in the Busan New Port, the water depth of the pier has been secured up to 17m, and the port authority is constantly responding to the trend of container vessels becoming larger. Also, in 2020, 24,000TEU class container ships are entering to the port, and it is planned to secure the depth in the port to 23 m later in line with this trend. Mega container ships must check in advance the factors to be considered depending on the situation at the time, and for this, it is judged that information sharing among stakeholders is necessary. In this paper, to understand the effect of the corresponding route because of the mega container ships, a transit safety evaluation was conducted based on statistical data on ship entry and departure and maneuver characteristics of corresponding ships. The result showed that the transit of the mega container ships has increased up to 8.4% comparing to the risk of 4,000TEU class container ships. Additionally, safety measures such as minimum safety depth and tug operation plans were presented by gathering opinions on operational characteristics from the perspective of pilotage for safe transit in the Busan New Port area. Through this, it is considered that it will be possible to contribute to the prevention of accidents when entering and leaving the Busan New Port.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1216-1226
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• 2015

This study aimed to suggest education direction for diving safety through investigating actual condition to diving safety before and during scuba diving. The study subjects were 227 scuba divers. Data were collected from September 21, 2012 to August 16, 2013. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. The results were as follows. Many higher level divers didn't obey regulations: 'alcohol drinking', 'warming-up exercise', 'to dive even when he/she suffers from respiratory disease' before scuba diving. Many lower level divers didn't obey regulations: 'to stop diving under abnormal physical condition', 'to do safety stop during ascending time', 'to check during ascending time', 'to know ascending and descending speed per minute', 'to use an alpha flag or buoy' during scuba diving. In conclusion, it is necessary to implement a discriminative safety education and to check actual condition to diving safety periodically in consideration of duration and level of diving.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.607-607
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• 2012

국내에서는 최근 지구온난화에 따른 전 지구적 이상홍수의 발생으로 댐 붕괴 우려가 증대되고 있고, 이에 따른 주민들의 불안감도 고조되고 있는 상황이다. 특히 최근 집중호우의 증가와 태풍의 영향으로 대규모 수공 구조물의 설계빈도를 초월하는 폭우를 동반하고 있다. 실례로 20세기 들어 전 세계적으로 약 200건 이상의 댐 붕괴 사고가 발생하여 댐 하류 지역에 막대한 인명 및 재산피해가 발생하였다. 국내의 경우 "연천댐", "장현, 동막저수지" 붕괴 등과 외국의 경우 이탈리아의 Vaiont 댐과 미국의 Teton 댐 등의 사례가 있다. 이처럼 댐은 설계홍수량 이하의 경우에는 비교적 안전하게 홍수를 예방할 수 있으나 이보다 큰 규모의 홍수가 발생할 경우 그 피해 또한 엄청나다. 따라서 댐 붕괴 등의 비상상황이 발생하였을 때 하류 지역의 생명과 재산 손실을 최소화하고 댐의 물리적, 지형적, 구조적 특성에 따른 비상상황을 예상하고 이에 효율적으로 대처하기 위해 비상대처계획(Emergency Action Plan, EAP)과 같은 대책을 수립하게 되었다. 이에 본 연구는 댐의 비상대처계획 수립시 중요한 사항 중 하나인 홍수류 해석을 실시하였다. 현재 국내에서 댐 붕괴 홍수류 해석은 주로 그 안전성과 정확성이 검증된 Fread(1984)의 1차원 모형인 DAMBRK 모형을 이용하여 댐 붕괴 홍수류 해석을 실시하고 있다. 이 DAMBRK 모형을 이용하여 실제 붕괴 사례인 1982년 미국 콜로라도에서 발생한 Lawn Lake 댐의 붕괴 홍수류 해석을 실시하였다. Lawn Lake 댐은 콜로라도 록키 마운틴 국립공원에 위치한 약 8m 높이의 필댐으로 댐 붕괴로 인하여 830,000 의 물이 유출되었으며, 3명이 사망하고 3,100만달러의 손해를 일으켰다. 다음과 같은 실제 붕괴 사례를 댐의 제원과 홍수량을 이용하여 DAMBRK 모의를 실시하였으며 모의한 결과와 실측치와의 비교를 해보았다. 본 연구에서 모의한 결과는 댐 최대 붕괴 유출량은 잘 나타내었지만, 지점별 최대 유량 및 홍수파 도달시간에 관련해서는 다소 차이를 보였다. 이는 조도계수의 변화에 따라 지점별 최대 유량과 홍수파 도달시간, 그리고 홍수위가 달라지는 것임을 확인하였고 실제로 Lawn Lake 댐이 붕괴되어 흘러들어가는 Roaring 강의 댐 붕괴 잔해나 하상 변화를 모르기 때문에 조도계수의 실측치는 모의값 보다 훨씬 클 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구를 통해 비상대처계획 수립시 홍수류 해석을 할 때 조도계수의 변화에 따라 모의 결과 및 범람범위가 달라질 수 있으니 조도계수의 채택에 있어 신중하고 정확한 판단이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.477-490
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• 2013

A rip-current warning index function, which is estimated from the likelihood of rip current quantified based on numerical simulations under various sea environments and is varied according to real-time buoy-observations, was studied to help protect against rip current accidents at Haeundae beach. For the quantification, the definition of likelihood of rip current, which proposed by Choi et al. (2011, 2012b), was employed and estimated based on Boussinesq modelling. The distribution of likelihood of rip current was evaluated by using various simulations according to scenarios established based on physical quantities(i.e., wave parameters) of buoy-observations. To index the likelihood of rip current, empirical functions were derived based on the distribution and adjusted to observational environments. In this study, the observations from June to September in 2011 at Haeundae beach were applied to the rip-current index functions, and its applications into the real events found based on CCTV images were presented and investigated. In addition, limitations and improvements of the rip-current index function were discussed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.22 no.3 s.27
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• pp.313-322
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• 1989

The present status of the traffic accident rate in Korea shows that it is the highest in the world with a continuously increasing trend. Human factors account for 90% of the causes of traffic accidents. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine some human factors related to traffic accidents by studying the relationship between health status and traffic accidents. To accomplish this purpose, all taxi companies located in the Seoul area were divided in three groups according to the number of taxi possessed, then some companies in each ?roup were randomly selected for study, and a total of 222 drivers in those selected companies were questioned and examined from April 15 to April 22, 1989. Seventy drivers among 222 had experienced a traffic accident. A $x^2$-test was performed on the data, then, factor analysis and discrminant analysis were executed with the following results: 1. The drivers complaining of gastroenteric symptoms numbered 110(49.5%), which was the major symptom among all drivers complaining of poor health. 2. In the primary analysis, variables related to traffic accidents were divided into general, occupational, and health characteristics. Drivers having no traffic accident experience and drivers having that experience were subjected to question about age, educational level, residential status, monthly average income, working hours and days, degree of satisfaction with their profession and homelife, degree of worry about health. degree of fatigue, medication, drunken driving, and illness, but there were no statistical significances. 3. In the factor analysis, the 8 health variables which cause traffic accidents were classified into 3 common factors which were perceived health factor, sleeping and drunken driving, and visual acuity and smoking factor. Perceived health was the factor which contributed most to explaining accidents. 4. In the discriminant analysis, a correct prediction rate of 68.0% was obtained in the factors of all the characteristics. 5. Degree of sttisfaction with their homelife and educational and economic factor in the general characteristics, degree of satisfaction with their profession in the occupational characteristics, and sleeping and drunken driving in the health characteristics were selected as statistically significant factors to discriminant the traffic accident. 6. Among the factors of the general, occupational, and health characteristics, degree of satisfaction with their homelife, driving experience, family factor, perceived factor were selected as the statistically significant factors.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Current indoor intrusion detection and location tracking methods have the weakness in seamless operations in tracking the objective because the object must possess a communicating device and the limitation of the single cell size (approximate $100cm{\times}100cm$) exits. Also, the utilization of CCTV technologies show the shortcomings in tracking when the object disappear the area where the CCTV is not installed or illumination is not enough for capturing the scene (e.g. where the context-awarded system is not installed or low illumination presents). Therefore, in this paper we present an improved in-door tracking system based on sensor networks. Such system is built on a simulated scenario and enables us to detect and extend the area of surveillance as well as actively responding the emergency situation. Through simulated studies, we have demonstrated that the proposed system is capable of supplementing the shortcomings of signal cutting, and of estimating the location of the moving object. We expect the study will improve the better analysis of the intruder behavior, the more effective prevention and flexible response to various emergency situations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.4932-4939
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to conduct a survey of general status of drinking culture among college students in Korea. Three hundred college students answered the self-administered questionnaire from May 6 to May 10 in 2009. The questionnaire consisted of drinking-related behavior by gender, recognition and need for moderation in drinking program, and the reason for stopping drinking by gender. The statistical method was done by SPSS WIN version 14.0. The first drinking time was high school comprising 41.0% of the respondents. The reason for drinking was to get the personal relationship. The experience of blackout was 50.3% in twice a year and 26.0% in twice per six months. The reasons for stopping drinking were health problem(36.9%), personal relationship(34.5%), and financial difficulty(20.8%). These results will make it possible to establish the right drinking habit, prevention of sexual violence and vehicle accident and health promotion of the students.