• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.205-212
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• 2023

In the modern society, the extreme weather caused by climate change has brought about exceptional damage in succession over the world due to the use of fossil fuels, and infectious diseases such as COVID-19 worsen the quality of human life. It is urgently necessary to reduce green-house gas and use new renewable energy. The global environmental pollution should be decreased by reducing the use of fossil fuels and using new renewable energy. This paper suggests a system which can function for the environment of four seasons, safety and communication, through the photovoltaic power-based intelligent CCTV, internet and WiFi, and cooling and heating systems, and can optimally manage power, through the real-time monitoring of the production and the consumption of the photovoltaic power. It suggests a hybrid generation system supporting diesel generation without discontinuation in the case of emergency such as system power outage caused by cold waves, typhoons and natural disasters in which the photovoltaic power generating system cannot be used.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.78-78
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• 2022

농가인구의 감소 및 고령화, 고소득 작물 재배, 기후변화 등으로 인해 영농형태가 논농사에서 밭농사로 전환되고 지역별 증감의 차이가 있기는 하나 밭 면적이 증가하는 추세를 보인다. 한편, 밭작물은 논에 비해 기반시설이 부족하고 고소득의 밭작물을 생산하기 위한 시설재배가 늘어나면서 대부분 사계절 확보가 용이하고 수질이 양호한 지하수를 사용하고 있다. 지하수 수요 증가는 지하수위 저하와 지하수 고갈의 우려를 초래하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 농업용 지하수 이용 실태를 분석하고 지하수이용 및 관리 제도 현황을 검토하여 지속가능한 밭용수 공급을 위한 지하수 관리전략을 제안하였다. 진주시를 대상으로 경지유형에 따른 지하수 이용 특성 분석하여 지하수의 수요 특성을 살펴보았는데, 하천 주변 저지대에 큰규모의 밭이나 집단화된 시설재배 지역이 분포하고 있고 지하수 관정도 밀집하고 있었다. 하천에서 떨어진 산간지역에는 지하수 관정이 산발적으로 분포하고 있었다. 지하수 수요는 공간적 위치 외에도 고품질 농업용수에 대한 요구도 원인인 것으로 조사되었다. 밭기반 용수공급 관련 사업과 지하수 자원확보 관련 법제도 등을 고찰하여 밭의 위치, 규모, 용수공급의 수요 특성 등을 고려하여 밭용수 공급을 위한 세 가지 지하수 관리전략을 제안하였다. 우선, 농업용 지하수 이용량 실측 및 정보의 다각화를 통한 정보의 고도화가 필요하다. 둘째, 지하수 이용의 공간적 특성을 고려하여 지표수와 연계한 지하수 이용기반이 구축되어야 한다. 지표수 공급이 가능한 지역은 지표수를 우선 공급하거나 지하수와 혼합 또는 교차하여 공급하고 물공급 취약지역에서는 지하수 공급 기반시설을 구축하는 것이다. 세 번째 전략은 농업용 지하수 시설의 공공관리 강화 및 관리 효율화이다. 특히 지하수이용이 밀집한 지역에서는 지하수 인허가 기준을 강화하고 용도별 관리체계 구축이 필요하다. 밭용수 공급은 농가 소득과 밀접한 연관이 있기 때문에 물이용의 지속가능성과 함께 농가 소득증대를 고려하는 공편인적 관점에서의 관리가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.78-96
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate the menu served in government offices foodservice by using Kasavana & Smith's Menu-Engineering. Sales and food costs were collected from the daily sales reports for a year from Jan 2 to Dec 31 in 2007. Calculation for menu analysis and customer's data were done by computer using the MS 2003 Excel spreadsheet program and SPSS 12.0 package program. Menu mix% (MM%) and unit contribution margin were used as variables by Kasavana & Smith. Four possible classifications by Menu-Engineering technique were turned out as 'STAR', 'PLOWHORSE', 'PUZZLE', 'DOG'. The main menus served during a year were 128 dishes and about 141 peoples visited this restaurant daily. The mean age of the men was $44.1\;{\pm}\;6.3$, women were $32.7\;{\pm}\;6.4$ and showed that was statistically higher than that of women (p < .0001). The rates of STAR menus were 'Western style (75.0%)', 'guk/tang-ryu (48.1%)', 'jjigae/ jeongol-ryu (23.1%)', 'bap-ryu (17.2%)' in sequence. There were no STAR menus in gui/jorim/jjim-ryu. PLOWHORSE menus were 'gui-ryu (75.0%)', 'guk/tang-ryu (29.6%)', 'bap-ryu (27.6%)' in sequence. There were no PUZZLE or DOG menus in 'jjigae/jeongol-ryu'. PUZZLE menus were 'jorim/jjim-ryu and Myeonryu (each 33.3%)', 'bap-ryu (31.0%)' in sequence. PUZZLE menus were a lots of 'Chinese food (75.0%)' and 'myeonryu (55.6%)'. This study provides the basic data based on regularly menu analysis method applied the scientific menu analysis techniques in government offices food services, I'd like to suggest that the menu management must be done based on the necessity and result of menu analysis according to the seasonal and middle, long-term plans.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.89-106
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• 2016

The Gochang open-coast intertidal flat is located in the southwestern coast of Korea (the eastern part of the Yellow Sea), characterized by macro-tidal range, an open-coast type, and sand substrates. This study has investigated seasonal variation in sedimentary facies of surface sediments in the Gochang intertidal flat. In the four seasons of February, May, August, and November, 2014, surface sediments of 252 sites in total were sampled and analyzed along three survey lines. The surface sediments of the Gochang intertidal flat in 2014 consisted mainly of fine-grained sand sediments showing a trend in grain size to be coarser in winter and finer in summer. Based on seasonal wave and tidal level data recorded near the study area, it was interpreted that the seasonal effects of wave were stronger than those of tide as a factor controlling surface sedimentation. High waves in winter resulted in the coarsening trend of grain size in surface sediments, whereas, during summer time, the sediments became finer by relatively low waves. Spatial sedimentary facies of the Gochang intertidal flat in 2014 represented that seasonal deviation of the upper tidal zone was larger than that of the lower tidal zone, hence sediments getting coarser in grain size and poorly sorted in the upper tidal zone. From upper to lower tidal zone, the grain size became finer and sediments were better-sorted, showing smaller seasonal deviations.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.279-286
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• 2005

The fish species composition and its seasonal variation of the middle East Sea of Korea were investigated from May 2004 to January 2005 using gill and set nets. A total of 59 species of fishes belonging to 31 families in 11 orders were identified in the gill and set nets; 33 species in 15 families and 6 orders were collected by the gill net, and 36 species in 26 families and 10 orders were collected by the set net. Among the fishes collected by gill net, the order Scorpaeniformes was dominant; the number of species as well as individuals was highest in summer; the biomass was highest in winter. However, in fishes collected by set net, the order Perciformes was dominant, the number of species was highest in autumn, the number of individuals was highest in spring, and the biomass was highest in winter. The fish composition of the middle East Sea differed considerably from that of the south East Sea, especially in the species composition of the order Scorpaeniformes and Pleuronectiformes. Principal component analyses for each net showed that the fish species composition depends on the kind of net used, even though the investigation was carried out in the same area and at the same time.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2015

Korea has four distinct seasons, showing hot and humidity in summer and cold weather lasted in winter. Domestic research on earth work has been developed according to the seasonal characteristics, and most of research topics have focused on the effect of freezing-thawing on the performance of geo-materials. However, the previous research was performed on the ground compacted at room temperature and therefore, the effect of the sub-zero temperature at the time of construction was not fully investigated. The ground characteristics compacted at freezing temperature can be different from those at room temperature and show different characteristics of strength and deformation caused by freezing and thawing. Therefore, the compaction tests on sandy materials were conducted under various temperature at $-3^{\circ}C$ and $-8^{\circ}C$ with various fine contents of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% in weight fraction. The effectiveness of soil compaction at below-freezing temperatures were compared with the compaction at room temperature at $18^{\circ}C$ in terms of the maximum dry unit weight and optimum water contents. Based on the test results, the maximum dry unit weight tends to decrease with the freezing temperature and the relative compaction at $-8^{\circ}C$ can not be satisfied with general specification standard.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

Various policies and studies regarding use of PBSS (Public Bike Sharing System) and Programs (PBSP) have been conducted worldwide as the number systems or programs has increased. Although various phenomena and demands have been generated by the use of PBSS in everyday life, the majority of research and the policies in South Korea have been implemented focused on commuting life. The purpose of this study aimed to understand various PBSS demands using PBSS usage data in 2018 in the Yeouido districts through classifying usage patterns and analyzing features. The rental stations were classified into three types based on weekday/weekend usage rates. The usage of Yeouido's PBSS accounted for 4.3% of the total usage in Seoul Metropolitan City, while the number of PBSS rental stations accounted for 2% of all rental stations in the Seoul urban areas. Rental stations with a higher weekday utilization rates showed high utilization rates in all four seasons and were mainly distributed in work and residential areas. Other stations showed a concentrated usage pattern in spring (April-May) and autumn (September-October) seasons, and their locations were close to the entrance of nearby parks. Besides, renting and returning were often concentrated at certain rental stations for high weekend utilization as compared to the pattern of high weekday usage. Therefore, PBSS management and programs should be operated to reflect various usage demands rather than uniform PBSS operations. The result of this study is meaningful to provide basic data for effective PBSS operation by monitoring the demand for PBSS usage in spatio-temporal terms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.149-161
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• 1987

The ways of preservation of chotkal which are classified by the principles of fermentation, are analyzed and interpreted. Chotkal is preserved mainly as two forms; one is chot and the other is shikhae. The fact that shikhae is preserved only in the eastern area can be attributed to two main reasons; (1) raw materials are available throughout four seasons and (2) relatively less production of salt. Chotkal is further classified into nine different ways of preservation and shikhae into fourteen. Regional characteristics for chot include that (1) in western part, Kechot is preserved in salty water (2) in central part Origuljot is fermented either with salt and powdered red pepper, or with salt, powdered red pepper and cooked cereal, (3) in southern part, freshwater shrimp with (1) salt only, (2) salt and powdered red pepper, (3) salt and cooked cereal, (4) salt, powdered red pepper and cooked cereal, (4) in northern part, fish with salt and powdered red pepper. Those for shikhae include that malt is used in southern part, shredded radish in northern part and cooked cereal more in southern part than in northern part.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 1992

Because no reference on trombiculid mites (Acarina: Trombiculidae) in Cheju Island where tsutsugamushi disease is highly endemic had been available, studies on trombiculid mites in Cheju Island were implemented during the period of August 1991-Apil 1992, and the results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) The species and numbers of the field rodents collected were 143 Apodemus agrarius chejuensis (92.3%), 11 Crocidura lasiura (7. l%) and 1 Micromys minutus (0.6%) From total 12,075 chiggers harvested, 9 species of 4 genera in Trombiculidae were identified. (2) The predominant species through all seasons was 1. setum (43.3%), followed by 1. orientale (27.4%) and 1. scutellare (26.6%). However, in autumn when the most cases of tsutsugamushi disease occur, 1. scutellere was prominently predominant, having 79.8% of the collected chiggers. (3) Among 1,1421. scutellare examined for Rickettsia tsutsugpmushi by means of IFA test, 6 individuals were found positive showing 0.5% of infection rate. This is the first finding that 1. scutellere is the second vector species of tsutsugamushi disease in Korea. (4) Antibody positive rate of A. agrarius chejuensis sera were 31.2% (44/139), and 1 M. minutes serum was also found positive. The seropositive rates by season were not so significantly different. Key words: Tsutsugamushi disease, epidemiology, vector species, Cheju Island, Korea.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.255-266
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• 2003

The Purpose of this study is to develop color palettes for the campus environment to find an identity of various Universities in Korea. This research is focused on the Shin-chon campus of Yonsei University because it has a long history and a mixture of old and new modern buildings in the campus. It takes three steps to proceed this study. Firstly, it is needed to find the images and history of Yonsei University from the documents. In the second place, the colors should be collected from the building materials, four seasons in campus, buildings in campus. At this point, color measurement devices, NCS color system, digital camera and other appropriate devices were used for the study. The third step shows the results of the analysis and development of color palettes based on the analyzed materials from second step. This research suggests three major color groups. The typical main colors of the campus building are YR/anchromatic with middle level of value and chroma from the analysis. The sub-colors are similar to the main colors with pale/light grayish/dull/deep tone. The color palettes out of the results could be used as a standard for campus color scheme in the future to build an identity of Yonsei University.