• The Monthly Diabetes
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• s.151
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• pp.20-23
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• 2002

고혈압과 당뇨병은 성인에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 만성 질환으로서 특히 두 가지 질환을 함께 가지고 있는 경우가 많다. 고혈압과 당뇨병은 둘 다 심장질환, 뇌혈관질환, 신장질환 및 망막질환의 위험 인자로서 조기에 합병증을 발생시켜 유병률과 사망률을 증가시킨다. 통계에 의하면 당뇨병을 가지고 있는 사람은 없는 사람에 비해서 두 배 이상 고혈압이 발생하고 당뇨병 환자의 1/3에서 결국 고혈압이 발생하는데 특히 50세 이전에는 여자보다 남자에서 많이 발생하며, 50세 이후에는 남자보다 여자에서 많이 발생한다. 또한 백인에서 보다 흑인에서 두 가지 병을 가지고 있는 경우가 두 배 이상 많으며 경제적으로 빈곤할 수록 많이 발생한다고 한다. 당뇨병 환자에서는 고혈압이 유병률이나 사망률을 증가시키는 가장 중요한 요인인데 그 이유는 고혈압의 합병증, 즉 관동맥질환, 뇌졸중, 말초혈관질환, 신장질환 등의 발생과 성인 시력장애의 가장 흔한 원인으로 인정되고 있기 때문이다. 또한 당뇨병 환자에서도 고혈압 발생이 두 배로 많은데 당뇨병의 유형 및 기간, 신장질환 유무, 연령, 성별 및 인종에 따라 관련이 있다고 한다. 두 가지 질병이 다 같이 유사한 합병증을 일으켜 표적 장기에 손상을 주므로 두 질환을 가지고 있으면 이러한 합병증의 발병을 더욱 앞당기게 된다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.236-245
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• 2013

This study analyzed the relationship between elderly suicide rates and socio-economic factors from the macroscopic perspectives. As certain theoretical background of elderly suicide, sociological and economic perspectives are applied. The economic factors of elderly suicide rates consisted of economic growth and unemployment rate, economic activity rate of the aged, and relative poverty rate (income inequality rate). The sociological factors included social welfare spending, divorce rate, growth rate of population aging, and elderly dependency ratio. According to research findings, first, the more economic activity of the aged is low, the more elderly suicide rate is high. Second, the more social welfare spending rate goes flat, the more elderly suicide rate is growing. Third, the more relative poverty rate (income inequality), increasing population aging rate, and elderly dependency ratio are high, elderly suicide rate goes high at the same time. Finally, this study proposed several socio-economic policy alternatives for preventing continuous growth of Korean elderly suicide rate.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2014

One-parent family is increasing in Korea, changing its forms and identity. One-parent family policy policy should be established in terms of gender analysis, as men-headed family and women-headed family are in the very different situation regarding social status of gender. One-parent family policy needs gender-sensitive perspectives and also should be closely linked with child welfare policy and post-poverty strategies. This paper suggests distinguished situation of one-parent family by gender, and tries to explore specific ways of supporting one-parent family. Most of all, to set up the proper supporting system for one-parent family, the special needs and difficulties are analyzed by gender, which will lead towards the cohesive and holistic family policy.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.199-221
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• 2007

This study examines the conditions and causes of income inequality and seeks assignments for mitigating income inequality. An analysis of the conditions and causes of income inequality is summarized as follows. First, income inequality, which rapidly increased after the economic crisis, increased and reduced repeatedly during 1999-2004, and remained a level in 2005 as high as that of the year directly after the economic crisis. Second, an analysis of the causes of income inequality by utilizing the long-term data(1985-2004) shows that unemployment rate, nonstandard employment rate, and the rising rate of land prices positively affect income inequality. Third, an analysis of the causes of income inequality by utilizing the data before and after the economic crisis(1995-2004) demonstrates that unemployment rate, nonstandard employment rate, and the workers' income ratio between large enterprises and small enterprises positively affect income inequality. Fourth, the rising rate of land prices which significantly affects income inequality in the data of 1985-2004 does not affect income equality in the data of 1995-2004, and the workers' income ratio between large enterprises and small enterprises which does not affect income inequality in the data of 1985-2004 significantly affect income equality in the data of 1995-2004. These results suggest several implications for mitigating income inequality. First, alternative plans to reduce unemployment rate must be prepared. Second, policies to reduce nonstandard employment rate should be established. Third, programs to stabilize or lower the land prices must be deliberated. Fourth, a master-plan to support small to medium enterprises must be carried out in order to reduce the wage differentials between large enterprises and small to medium enterprises.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.5
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• pp.440-446
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• 2001

폭력의 발생 원인은 다양하고 그 표현 방식도 여러 가지 양상으로 나타나지만 인간의 기저에 갖고 있는 일반적 원인은 욕구불만이다. 욕구불만의 해소가 이루어지지 않은 상태에서의 인간은 항상 폭력성이 잠재되어있는 상태가 된다고 볼 수 있다. 윌리엄 맥두걸은 본능이 인간행동에 동기를 부여하는 가장 중요한 요인이며, 지각과 정서보다 동기의 힘을 강조했다. 사람은 본능이 동기를 부여해 준 것을 지각하고 적절한 대상이 지각되면 그 대상은 행동을 자극하는 감정변화를 일으킨다. 이러한 검정변화를 충동이라 할 수 있는데 지그문트 프로이드는 인간의 많은행동이 불합리한 본능적 충동에 바탕을 둔다고 보고 있다. 충동은 대개 생리적인 긴장, 결핍,또는 불균형상태에 뿌리는 두며 충족되어야 할 절박한기본 욕구로 유기체에 행동을 강요한다. 충동은 선천적이며, 기본적인 생리적 욕구와 직접적으로 관련된 충동과 학습을 통한 모방충동, 약물복용의 반복적으로 인한 양물중독이 있고, 성취, 활동, 친화, 호기심, 배설, 탐구, 조작, 모성애, 고통회피, 성애, 수면 등 인간의 생활에 반영되는 거의 모든 욕구를 포함한다. 따라서 욕구의 해소를 위해 무엇인가를 해야만 하는 인간은 욕구의 억압상태나 좌절상태에서 심한 분노와 폭력의 충동을 느끼게 된다. 현대 심층심리학은 어린이들이 말을 충분히 자유자재로 구사하기 전에 겪고 억누르게 된 무시무시한 분노의 환상을 가지고 있는데,. 공포예술의 무시무시한 영상들이 결부되어있다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 픽카드(P.M. Pickard)에 의하면 어린아이는 그들의 내적 현실을 외적 현실을 적응시키려는 힘겨운 투쟁 속에 근친상간적 갈등, 흡혈귀, 살인, 식인 등 끔찍한 환상을 겪는 것 간다고 한다. 청소년기는 사회적 부적응기로서 현실과 어릴 적 꿈꿔왔던 이상과의 괴리감에서 오는 당혹과 분노가 발생되는데, 이 시기에 많은 청소년들이 극단적인 선정적인 폭력성에 탐닉하게 되는 경향이 있다. 현실은 결코 아름답지 못하고, 행복하게 살 수 없다는 것에 대한 깨달음에서 기인한다. 욕구불만의 강도가 심해질수록 폭력성은 더욱 강하게 나타나는데 개인에게서 뿐만 아니라 가족, 동료, 사회 단체나 종교, 국가간에도 집단적으로도 발생하게 된다. 사회적으로 볼 때 폭력은 용인되는 것이 아니므로 도덕적으로 절제를 하거나 상대방과 적절한 타협과 조정을 필요로 한다. 그러나 절제의 한계를 넘어선다고 생각되거나, 조정의 노력이 불가능하거나, 실패했을 때 폭력적인 행동으로 나타나게 된다. 리차즈(I.A Richards)는 분노와 공포는 일단 겉잡을 수 없는 경향이 있다고 하면서 오늘날 폭력에 대한 요구가 일상의 정서 생활에 있어, 억압을 통한, 빈곤함을 반영하고 있지 않은지 생각해봐야 할 것이라고 충고한다.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.129-138
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• 2016

Recently, the number of children who are required to take special care are increasing because of the fast-changing society and the environment factor. Among them, most children in poor family are leading to Children with borderline intelligence, so urgent action are needed to prevent this situation. This study is conducted to establish the reason why children with borderline intelligence are taking place. In addition, this study embodies serious game as a solution which is able to prevent and cure this children with borderline intelligence problem. This game was made to improve weak memory, concentration and judgment of children with borderline intelligence and was verified in effectiveness by thirty people and experts.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.47-69
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• 2014

At-risk students are increasing because of developmental trait of adolescence, dissolution of family, poverty, and study stress. These risk situations influence individual student and society negatively. The purpose of this study is explore the reason of occurrence of at-risk student and draw out improvement direction of Gyeongsangbuk-do at-risk student support policy based on current situation of at-risk control and support system implementing in Gyeongsangbuk-do. The improvement ways based on the analysis of Gyeongsangbuk-do's at-risk student support strategy are as the followings. First, it is the construction of at-risk student's prevention and early discovery system. Second, it is the construction of educational safety network for guiding discovered at-risk student, Third, it is the connection with family and community.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.325-345
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is a exploratory study for understanding the process of the social isolation of the socially isolated elderly through the approach to their life history. The research was analyzed by one of the methods of qualitative research on life history, the conceptual framework of 'Dimensions, turning, and adaptation' of Mandelbaum(1973). According to the results of this study, the socially isolated elderly people were found to be socially isolated by experiencing complex difficulties such as family disconnection, poverty, poor job and health deterioration. Specifically, in the area of life, there was experience of poor relationship with parent, absence of family, poverty of family and unfavorable relationship with surrounding people in life with original family before isolation. They had bad jobs in the labor market, such as hard labor, delivery, business, and chores. In the area of turning point, we experienced family break due to the separation of the original family and the spouse due to various reasons such as financial crisis, parental divorce and death, spouse affair, economic difficulty. In a transitional stage in the life, many reasons such as the financial crisis, the death of parents, the extramarital affair and economic difficulties led to the disconnection from their original family and their spouses. In an adaptive phase, participants accepted the changed life at each turning point in their lives, carrying out their roles, compromising and trying to adapt properly. He said that their current life, which has entered the social safety net system of the people's basic recipients, has led him to live a more stable life and is adapting to personal hobbies and vicarious satisfaction through networks. This result is somewhat different from previous studies in which isolated elderly people were severely exposed to the risk of depression and loneliness. However, we should also consider the characteristics of this study that interviewed elderly people with relatively low isolation. Based on the results of this research, he presented various practical policy implications.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.958-965
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• 2003

Purpose : Recently the number of juvenile delinquents have been increasing in Korea and their misdeeds were getting worse. This study was conducted to find out the basic cause of juvenile delinquency and a counterplan of overcoming this distress. Methods : The authors reviewed the statistics of the Supreme Public Prosecutors Office to know the juvenile delinquents and Korean national statistics to know the changes of family environments. The author conducted a study on the family environments between student group and juvenile delinquent group in jail, and also investigated the value judgement of middle and high school students to know the difference between the recent adolescents and the youth before 1945. Results : Nuclear families, dual-income families and divorce rates have remarkably been increased recently. All of which are considered to be the basic cause of getting worse in home teaching. It was found that the delinquent group have more defective families, poorer economic status, poorer parent's educational level than the student group, and also found that the value judgement of recent youth were quite different from that of youth before 1945. Conclusion : Industrialization have changed our home-environment rapidly which made home-teaching poorer, and the children were being insecure and melancholy, which consequently made them more abnormal youth and juvenile delinquents in Korea.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.635-640
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• 2018

The study conducted a Focus Group Interview (FGI) on college students to identify single-person households and Solitary Deaths of single-person households recognized by college students. This can be provided as basic data to address problems in single-person households and social problems such as future youth solitary death and will contribute to building a social safety net. This study conducted FGI to analyze data for five fourth graders majoring in social welfare. In the case of involuntary independent living, the high poverty and unemployment rate of single-person households was cited as the cause of economic instability, housing problems and emotional relationship formation. He said that he thinks about young loneliness because he has vague fears about what happens in the media and what can happen to them. As the number of young single-person households will inevitably increase in the coming months and economic difficulties are the biggest problem and the biggest cause of young solitude, institutional support is needed first, especially for housing costs.