• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.595-616
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• 2023

The Critical Consciousness Scale (CCS) is a scale developed by Diemer and colleagues (2017) that can measure the capacity of the oppressed or marginalized people to critically analyze their social and political conditions, support societal equality, and take action to change the perceived inequities. In this study, we validated the CCS for Korea by adapting and localizing the scale and validating it among university students. Content validity was verified by having five individuals with master's and doctoral degrees in psychology evaluate the suitability of the translated items. Afterwards, reliability and validity were verified through a survey of 314 university students nationwide using the CCS, along with the opportunity inequality recognition scale, recognition of the need for environmental change scale, social participation scale, and belief in a just world scale. To verify the scale's validity, exploratory factor analysis was conducted, confirming three subfactors. Then, a confirmatory factor analysis was carried out, where 14 items out of the original 22 were retained. The construct validity and reliability of these 14 items were found to be satisfactory. Additionally, in the correlation analysis between the CCS and similar scales, a significant clear relationship was found. The CCS showed a positive correlation with scales such as opportunity inequality recognition, need for environmental change recognition, and social participation, and a negative correlation with the belief in a just world scale. Based on these results, the CCS can be considered valid and reliable. Finally, the limitations and significance of this study were discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.638-645
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• 2021

This study was attempted to find out the effect of biomedical ethics and critical thinking disposition of nursing college students on professionalism. For this study, from May to June 2021, 144 students were participated from S University in A City, using self reported questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. As results of this study, it was revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between the professionalism of nursing students on biomedical ethics and critical thinking disposition(r=.400, p<.001, r=.431, p<.001). Also, the factors affecting the professionalism of nursing students were grade(𝛽=0.303, p<.001), biomedical ethics(𝛽=0.287, p<.001) and critical thinking disposition(𝛽=0.294, p<.001) with a total explanatory power of 31.2%. As the results of this study, in order to increase the professionalism of nursing students, it is necessary to develop their biomedical ethics and critical thinking disposition. The specific strategies are to make and apply special programs by their grades.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.251-258
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine to identify the mediating effects of nursing professionalism in the relation between consciousness of bioethicscritical and critical thinking disposition. Data were collected by self-report questionnaires targeting 264 nursing students in two nursing colleges located in B and C city province. Data were analyzed with SPSS/PC ver 23.0 programs. There were significantly positive correlations between critical thinking disposition, nursing professionalism and consciousness of bioethics. Nursing professionalism fully mediated the relationship between critical thinking disposition and consciousness of bioethics. Theses results indicated that in order to improve the consciousness of bioethics of nursing students, it is necessary to develop and t est the program for improving not only on the critical thinking disposition but also on the nursing professionalism.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4423-4431
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to identify the factors influencing the consciousness of biomedical ethics in nursing students. The study was conducted on 516 nursing students in C Province and from September $15^{th}$ to October $5^{th}$ 2013. The data was analyzed using a t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression. The significant positive correlation with a critical thinking disposition and professional self-concept. Significant factors influencing the consciousness of biomedical ethics were the critical thinking disposition, experience of biomedical ethic education, academic grade, professional self-concept, and family members' involvement in medical related areas. Considering this result, the development of educational programs of biomedical ethics for nursing students should reflect affecting factors identified.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.239-248
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• 2023

This study is a descriptive correlation study to identify the relationship among online collaborating learning attitudes, empathy, critical thinking disposition, and sense of community in nursing students in the online learning environment during COVID-19. Data were collected from 129 nursing students. The SPSS/28.0 program was used to analyze the data using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression. Factors that significantly affect sense of community in nursing students were online collaborating learning attitudes and critical thinking disposition, and the explanatory power was about 42.2%. Based on these results, in order to increase sense of community of nursing students in non-face-to-face learning environment, it is required to strengthen the problem-solving-centered learning method cultivating the online collaborating learning attitude and critical thinking disposition.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.453-463
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• 2018

This research was a descriptive study to investigate the effects of nursing students' biomedical ethics, and critical thinking on attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. The Participant were 367 nursing students and date were collected from November until December of 2017. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 21.0. There was a significant positive correlation between attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. Also, the influencing factor on attitudes toward withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment were biomedical ethics, academic grade, subjective health status, and personality types. These factors explained 36.6% of variance. In conclusion, the higher the awareness of biomedical ethics, the more positive attitude toward the withdrawal of lifelong treatment. Based on the results above, we need to develop diverse and systematic educational programs for nursing students.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.120
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• pp.217-250
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• 2018

Subjekt oder $Selbstbewu{\ss}tsein$ ist ein grundlegendes Prinzip neuzeitlicher Philosophie. Das $Selbstbewu{\ss}tsein$ ist bei Kant $Selbstbewu{\ss}tsein$(analytische Einheit der Apperzeption als klare Selbstbeziehung) in Objekts $bewu{\ss}tsein$(synthetischer Einheit der Apperzeptuion). Dabei zeigt er ein Reflexionsmodell des $Selbstbewu{\ss}tseins$. Aber er $erkl{\ddot{a}}rt$ nicht systematisch ein $Verh{\ddot{a}}ltnis$ zwischen synthetischer Einheit und analytischer Einheit der Apperzeption, und auch $l{\ddot{o}}st$ er nicht theorienimmanente und formale Schwierigkeiten von Zirkelargument bzw. unendlicher Iteration in der Reflxionsstruktur des $Selbstbewu{\ss}tseins$. Aufgrund der Voraussetzungen seiner eigenen Fundamentalontologie kritisiert der $fr{\ddot{u}}he$ Heidegger, $da{\ss}$ Kants $traditionsabh{\ddot{a}}ngige$ $Subjektivit{\ddot{a}}tstheorie$ Symptome der Seins vergessenheit zeigt, transformiert Kants $Selbstbewu{\ss}tseinstheorie$, interpretiert Kants transformierte Theorie als $subjektivit{\ddot{a}}tstheoretische$ $Begr{\ddot{u}}ndung$ der traditionellen Ontologie von Vorhandenheit, und versteht sie als ersten Schritt und erstes phlosophisches Modell seiner Fundamentalontologie. Durch kritische Interpretation von Kants Lehre von Selbstaffektion und $Selbstbewu{\ss}tsein$ deutet er ein Modell des $Selbstbewu{\ss}tseins$ als des $ph{\ddot{a}}nomenologischen$ $Horizontsbewu{\ss}tseins$ an. In diesem Modell der vorreflexiven und unmittelbaren Selbstbeziehung entstehen Schwierigkeiten von Zirkelargument bzw. unendlicher Iteration nicht. Apel kritisiert Kants $selbstbewu{\ss}te$ Apperzeptionstheorie in dem Sinne, $da{\ss}$ sie solipsistisch sei, und in seiner Transzendentalpragmatik $vervollst{\ddot{a}}ndigt$ er Kants transzendentalphilosophische $G{\ddot{u}}ltigkeit$ in der Dimension von $Intersubjektivit{\ddot{a}}t$ diskurierender Menschen. Hierbei ersetzt die Kommunikationsgemeinschaft Kants Apperzeption oder $Bewu{\ss}tsein$ ${\ddot{u}}berhaupt$. In der transzendentalpragmatischen Sicht, die auf den sprachlichen Bezug des Denkens und Erkennens und die Kommunikationsgemeinschaft geht, beruht das $Selbstbewu{\ss}tsein$ oder die Reflexion des Subjekts wesentlich auf seinem sprachlich vermittelten sozialen Bezug. Also geht es nicht um Zirkelargument und unendliche Iteration in denkender Selbstbeziehung des Subjekts. Ebeling hebt Heideggers Daseinsanalytik auf das Niveau von Apels Transzendentalpragmatik an und entwickelt Fundamatalpragmatik ${\ddot{u}}ber$ $Widerstandsbewu{\ss}tsein$ gegen allgemeinen Tod. Dieser $Widerstandsbewu{\ss}tsein$ ist fundamentalpragmatische Transformation von Kants $Selbstbewu{\ss}tsein$. Der $Widerstandsbewu{\ss}tsein$ der Vernunft bleibt in der solipsistischen Dimension nicht und ist ein $Bewu{\ss}tsein$, das in der Widerstandsgemeinschaft durch Argumentation universalisiert werden kann. Hierbei geht es nicht um Zirkelargument und unendliche Iteration.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.240-249
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to find the effect of systemic biomedical ethics education program on moral sensitivity, critical thinking disposition and consciousness of biomedical ethics nursing student. This study is a quasi-experimental research design and repeated measured ANOVA was used to analyzed the collected data statistically on this study. Data was collected from 1st September to 31 of December 2014. Nursing students and nurses in A and S cities participated in this study as subjects. 32 nursing students were assigned to an experimental group, and 33 nursing students were assigned to control group A, 26 nurses were assigned control group B, total subjects were 91. There are significant different in consciousness of biomedical ethics(F=3.432, p=.037). In the category of consciousness of biomedical ethics, there are significant different in 'right to life of fetus'(F=4.476, p=.014) and 'prenatal diagnosis of fetus'(F=6.207, p=.003), and 'right to life of newborn(F=6.207, p=.003) between experimental group and two control groups. The biomedical ethics education influenced the positive effect on moral sensitivity, critical thinking disposition and consciousness of biomedical ethics of nursing students, and shown the significant effect to enhance the consciousness of biomedical ethics for nursing students.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.544-555
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• 2017

This study was conducted to identify the factors influencing consciousness of biomedical ethics, moral sensitivity and critical thinking disposition with respect to the Code of Ethics of nurses among nursing students. A descriptive correlation research design was used for this study. The subjects were 299 nursing students in two large cities from 1 June to 31 July 2015. Collected data were analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test and stepwise multiple regression by the SPSS 22.0 program. The results revealed that female subjects comprised 86.65% of the subjects and the mean age was 21.67 years. Awareness of the Code of Ethics for nurses was positively correlated with the consciousness of biomedical ethics(p<0.001), moral sensitivity(p<0.001), and critical thinking disposition(p<0.001). However, there were negative correlations between grade(p=0.017), marital state(p=0.012), and the possibility of increasing ethical problems according to the development of bioscience(p=0.012). Significant influencing factors of the awareness of the Code of Ethics for nurses included grade(p=0.013), marital state(p=0.030), consciousness of biomedical ethics(p=0.017), moral sensitivity(p<0.001), and critical thinking disposition(p=0.001), with apower of explanation of 26.3%. The results of this study show that the consciousness of biomedical ethics, moral sensitivity and critical thinking disposition are factors influencing the code of ethics for nurses among nursing students.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.177-186
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• 2022

This study aims to examine the effects of teachers' critical consciousness on their attribution of cause and responsibility about multicultural students' school violence victimization and their prediction on students' school adjustment. To this end, we presented four scenarios depicting multicultural students' school violence victimization and measured teachers' critical consciousness, cause and responsibility attribution, and school adjustment prediction. Results showed that teachers endorsing higher levels of Egalitarianism tended to attribute causes and responsibility to situational factors, rather than to a multicultural adolescent being victimized by school violence. The levels of Perceived Inequality of critical consciousness did not have significant effects on these variables. Also, teachers with a higher level of Egalitarianism tended to predict multicultural adolescents' school adjustment more negatively. Based on the current findings, we discussed implications on teacher education for promoting teachers' multicultural competence, along with limitations and directions for future research.