• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.271-280
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• 2014

Some bacterial metabolites of Xenorhabdus nematophila (Xn) inhibit phospholipase $A_2$ ($PLA_2$) activity to shutdown eicosanoid biosynthesis in target insects. However, little has been known about the target insect $PLA_2$ of these bacterial metabolites. Eight bacterial metabolites identified in Xn culture broth exhibited significant insecticidal activities against larvae of both lepidopteran species of Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera exigua. Moreover, these bacterial metabolites significantly enhanced insecticidal activities of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). To determine target $PLA_2$, we cloned and over-expressed cellular $PLA_2$ ($SecPLA_2$) of S. exigua. Purified $SecPLA_2$ catalyzed phospholipids derived from the fat body and released several polyunsaturated fatty acids. Most Xn metabolites significantly inhibited $SecPLA_2$ activity, but were different in their inhibitory activities. There was a positive correlation between the inhibition of $SecPLA_2$ and the enhancement of Bt insecticidal activity. These results indicate that $SecPLA_2$ is a molecular target inhibited by Xn metabolite.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 2022

Currently, the automation and intelligence of the shipbuilding industry have improved its work production capacity and cost competitiveness, but the reduction rate of safety accidents among industrial site workers is still low and the damage caused by safety accidents is very serious, so there is a need for improvement according to the workplace. This research aims to demonstrate the connectivity between smart safety helmets in the demonstration area to verify the effectiveness along with the development of smart helmets for worker protection and environmental safety in shipyards. For efficient communication between workers, impact noise of over 95dB was confirmed in the workplace, and noise reduction was required. To solve this problem, the filtering performance was compared and analyzed using the Butterworth, Chebyshev, and elliptic algorithms. The connectivity test and noise reduction method between smart helmets proposed in this study will increase the usability and safety of the field through the development of advanced smart helmets tailored to the shipbuilding workplace in the future.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.103-113
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• 2022

In this study, in the Nativity birth chart of Classic Astrology, the study was conducted under the premise that 'If the natives are born with different structures to govern their diseases, diseases may appear differently in the lives of natives.' did. In the birth chart, an individual's innate health was analyzed through the strengths and weaknesses of sign, planets, and aspects. In the case of managing congenital diseases, we studied the aspect relationship between the native's ASC constellation and the fixed star and planet in the Nativity Birth Chart. In the case of controlling acquired diseases, it was judged by examining the constellations, rulers, and planets of the 6^th house that control diseases in the Nativity birth chart. In the case of acquired diseases, natives may be exposed to various accidents and diseases throughout their lives. So, we looked at the relationship between diseases through the energy and weakness of the planet coming through Pirdaria, the aspect relationship with the planet, and fixed star. As a result of the study, a native's health status is given differently depending on the strength and weakness of the innate sign and planet in the Nativity Birth Chart. And it has been proven that the health of the native is determined by the state of the 6^th House, who rules over disease, and the disease and accidents that come from Direction are determined by the relationship between the planet and the aspect coming from Pirdaria.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.40-50
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• 2023

Quality control (QC) is an essential work for the successful construction project execution. Recently, robust application of ICT to the QC tasks leads to utilizing innovative technologies and equipment. However, overall planing of QC works needs to take place before applying new technologies to each and individual QC task. The objectives of this research involve developing a database and an algorithm that identifies QC tasks and related information upfront. In addition, the researchers developed a methodology to generate inspection tasks in conjunction with construction work tasks. The Korean Ministry of Land and Transportation provides standard supervision checklists. They were classified based on criteria of inspection items, methods, period and the scope. Reinforced concrete work was selected as a case study for validation of the method. This framework can function when planing construction tasks with any type of planning tools and innovative technologies. The researchers expect this framework may contribute to various construction projects when developing QC plans and tasks with applicable technologies.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.277-285
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• 2023

The onion moth, Acrolepiopsis sapporensis, was monitored in the farms cultivating the welsh onion, Allium fistulosum, using sex pheromone from transplantation to harvest. Two occurrence peaks were observed at early June and late July after the overwintering population. However, the population sizes were varied among different years and the cultivating environments. To effectively control A. sapporensis with microbial pesticides, different Bacillus thuringiensis strains were screened to select B. thuringiensis kurstaki (BtK). To enhance the insecticidal virulence of BtK, the culture broth of Photorhabdus temperata temperata (Ptt) was added to the BtK. This mixture of two entomopathogenic bacteria was called 'BtPlus', which was superior to BtK alone in the insecticidal virulence. The enhanced virulence was explained by the immunosuppressive activity of the secondary metabolites contained in the Ptt extract. The metabolites inhibited both cellular and humoral immune responses of A. sapporensis, resulting in the enhanced virulence of BtK. These results suggest that A. sapporensis occurs in the welsh onion fields and the resulting economic damage would be effectively prevented by BtPlus application.

• Digital Contents
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• no.8 s.123
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• pp.86-86
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• 2003

8월 25일부터 26일까지 양일간 대만 타이페이에서 한국-대만 콘텐츠/솔루션 비지니스 상담회가 진행될 예정이다. 대만의 디지털콘텐츠진흥센터(DCIPO)와 소프트웨어산업협회(CISA)의 후원으로 개최되는 비지니스 상담회로 온라인게임, 모바일게임, 인터넷콘텐츠와 솔루션 등의 업체들의 참여가 기대된다. 이미 한류열풍이 거세게 불고 있는 대만에서는 이미 엔씨소프트의 '리니지', 그라비티의 '라그나로크' 등이 선풍적인 인기를 끌고 있다.

• Digital Contents
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• no.10 s.149
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• pp.39-48
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• 2005

탄탄대로를달리던한국의온라인게임산업이흔들리고있다. 동남아지역에한류붐을일으킨온라인게임업체그라비티가일본소프트뱅크에팔린것이다. 올해초중국샨다에액토즈소프트가매각된데이어두번째다. 이에업계관계자들은자본에의해한국만의게임기술과경영노하우가해외로유출돼게임시장에서경쟁력을상실하게될것이라고우려하고있다. 이번그라비티의해외매각이과연‘ 대박신화’인지온라인게임종주국의위상을흔드는일인지살펴봤다.

• Digital Contents
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• no.7 s.158
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• pp.105-107
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• 2006

SF영화에서 양념처럼 등장하는 타임머신은 관객들에게 무한한 상상력을 불어넣는다. 이러한 타임머신이 드디어 온라인게임의 소재로 등장했다. <군주 온라인>으로 잘 알려진 엔도어즈가 개발하고, 그라비티가 서비스하는온라인게임<타임앤테일즈>가바로그것. ‘시간여행’을 소재로 했기에 동양과 서양의스토리가 동시에 존재하는 <타임앤테일즈>는 오픈베타테스트이후 순항을 하고 있다. 이제부터 <타임앤테일즈>의 세계로 모험을 떠나 보도록하자.

• Digital Contents
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• no.8 s.135
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• pp.76-78
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• 2004

전세계 라그나로크 온라인 게이머들이 한국에 모여 실력을 겨루는 축제의 자리가 마련됐다. 전세계 18개국, 2,500만명의 유저들에게 사랑받고 있는 MMORPG 라그나로크 온라인을 개발, 서비스하고 있는 그라비티는 지난달 17일과 18일 양일에 걸쳐 서울 코엑스 태평양관 전관에서‘제1회 라그나로크 월드 챔피언십’대회를 개최했다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.251-255
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• 2007

오늘날 세계화된 시장 환경은 기업간 협업 프로세스의 동적 구성을 요구하고 있으며, 웹 서비스 (Web services)와 비즈니스 프로세스 관리 (Business Process Management) 기술의 발전이 이의 구현을 뒷받침하고 있다. 임의의 기업과의 느슨한 구성(loosely-coupled)을 통한 동적 협업이 활성화됨에 따라, 프로세스의 서비스 품질 (Quality of Service)이 중요한 문제로 대두되고 있는데, 특히 단순한 단위 웹 서비스가 아닌 장기 실행 액티비티 (Long-termed activity)를 포함하는 협업 프로세스에서는 제한된 시간 내에 프로세스의 정상적 수행을 보장하는 것이 핵심적 요구사항이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 프로세스 수행 계획을 동적으로 생성, 관리함으로써 프로세스의 각 인스턴스들의 완료와 납기 준수를 보장할 수 있는 방법론을 제시한다. 본 방법론은 프로세스 인스턴스의 진행과정에 따라 중복(redundancy) 계획을 동적으로 수정함으로써 각 액티비티의 수행 시간과 신뢰성(reliability)을 독립적으로 관리한다. 본 방법론의 최적화 모델은 NP-hard로 증명되었으며, 본 연구에서는 최적화 모델을 위한 휴리스틱 알고리즘을 제시하고, 이를 실제 최적해와 비교하는 실험을 행하였다. 본 연구를 통해 보다 복잡한 기업간 협업환경에서의 수행 보장과 장애내감성 실현이 가능해 질 것으로 기대된다.