• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2007

We report a case of a girl with a symptomatic anomaly of medial meniscus. The complaint of the patient was pain and snapping of the knee. The anterior horn of medial meniscus has anomalous insertion which was extended to the intercondylar notch of the femur on the surface of the anterior cruciate ligament, it attached to lateral wall of medial femoral condyle. This anomalous band was not detected in MRI of knee but found during the operation. After resection of anomalous band, the symptoms completely disappeared.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.505-507
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• 2000

현재 백혈병 진단에서 사용중인 방법은 골수영상을 획득하고 이를 관찰하여 비정상의 백혈구의 형태, 백혈구 핵의 크기와 추출된 골수에서의 백혈구가 차지하는 비율을 이용하여 진단하고 있다. 비정상적인 모양을 띠고 있는 백혈구의 검출은 백혈병 진단에 있어 중요한 정보로 사용된다. 백혈구의 이상 형태중 다수의 구멍이 있는 백혈구는 검출하기 위해 골수영상에서 백혈구 영역을 추출하고 이에 대해 UNL transform을 이용하여 모양 특징을추출하였다. UNL Fourier transform은 원영상의 이동(translation), 회전(rotation), 확대/축소(scale)에 대해 불변인 성질을 지니므로 이를 이용해 백혈구의 모양 특징을 추출하고 유사도 검색을 통해 비정상의 백혈구를 검출하였다.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 1993

Studies were carried out to investigate physiological and biochemical analysis of recessive lethal mutant "nmn" and to observe the cuticle formation and dermal gland. All nmn homozygous larvae continued to eat a few mulberry leaves, and died without entering into molt. In case of artificial hatching, eggs had a higher nmn individual segregation ratio than in hibernating eggs. The percentage of nmn individuals with the hatching days was alike during 3days period. As a result of histological observation, nmn mutants dermal gland was different from normal dermal gland in form and size. Normal was formed new cuticle in the middle of the molting, but not in nmn mutant. Total protein content in haemolymph of the normal larva was more than that of nmn smutant and there was a difference between normal and nmn mutant protein components.omponents.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.140-149
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• 2009

Traffic anomaly detection is one of important technology that should be considered in network security and administration. In this paper, we propose an abnormal traffic detection mechanism that includes traffic monitoring and traffic analysis. We develop analytical passive monitoring system called WISE-Mon which can inspect traffic behavior. We establish a criterion by analyzing the characteristics of a traffic training set. To detect abnormal traffic, we derive a hyperplane by using Fisher linear discriminant and chi-square distribution as well as the analyzed characteristics of traffic. Our mechanism can support reliable results for traffic anomaly detection and is compatible to real-time detection. In addition, since the trend of traffic can be changed as time passes, the hyperplane has to be updated periodically to reflect the changes. Accordingly, we consider the self-learning algorithm which reflects the trend of the traffic and so enables to increase the pliability of detection probability. Numerical results are presented to validate the accuracy of proposed mechanism. It shows that the proposed mechanism is reliable and relevant for traffic anomaly detection.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2004

We investigated the anatomical aspects of vitrification in peace poplar. Comparisons were made with regard to characteristics occurring between hyperhydric and normal shoots in shoot proliferation cultures on MS medium containing 0.2 mg/L BA. Compared with normal plants, hyperhydric plants had thick, curled, and dark green leaves. Hyperhydric stems were thicker and shorter than those of normal stems. When examined under the microscopes, the mesophyll palisade cells of hyperhydric leaves were vacuolated, whereas those of normal leaves contained normal and enriched vacuole with cytoplasm. Generally, the hyperhydric leaves showed poorly developed palisade parenchyma, and revealed irregular and bigger sized intercellular structures in both palisade and spongy parenchyma as well as epidermis cells compare to those of normal leaves. In addition, the hyperhydric leaves had lower stomatal density and bigger sized cell. Vascular tissues of hyperhydic stems were less differentiated because of poorly lignified xylem tissue. The greatly expanded cortical cells and pith appeared to be the main cause of thick stems as compared with normal stems.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 2005

In this paper, the primary objective of the research are to review the methods currently avaliable for estimating the delay incurred by vehicles at signalized intersections. The paper compares the delay estimates from a deterministic queueing model, a model based on shock wave theory , the steady-state Webster model, the queue-based models defined in the 1994 and 2001 version of the High way Capacity Manual, in addition to the delays estimated from the TRANSYT-7F macroscopic simulation and NETSIM microscopic simulation. More especially, this paper is to compare the delay estimates obtained using macroscopic and microscopic simulation tools against state-of-the practice analytical models that are derived from deterministic queueing and shock wave analysis theory. The results of the comparisons indicate that all delay models produce relatively similar results for signalized intersections with low traffic demand, but that increasing differences occur as the traffic demand approaches saturation. In particular, when the TRANSYT-7F and NETSIM are compared, it is highly differences as approach for traffic condition to over-saturation. Also, the NETSIM microscopic simulation is the lowest estimates among the various models.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.17-30
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• 1999

The unsteady transitional boundary layer due to rotor-stator interaction was studied at two operation points, the design and one off design points. The off design point leads to lower blade loading and lower Reynolds number. A Navier-Stokes code developed in the previous study was parallelized to expedite computations. A low Reynolds number turbulence model was used to close the momentum equations. All computations show good agreement with experimental data. The wake induced transitional strip on the suction side of the stator is clearly captured at design point operation. There is no noticeable change in shape and phase angle of the wake induced strip even in the laminar sublayer. The wake induced transitional strip at off design point shows more complex structure. The wake induced transitional strip is observed only in the turbulent layer, and becomes obscure in the laminar sublayer and buffer layer. This behavior is probably consequent upon that the transition is governed by both wake induced strip and natural transition mechanism by Tollmien-Schlichting wave.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.181-191
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• 2006

NFI-C null mice demonstrated aberrant odontoblast differentiation and thus abnormal dentin formation while other tissues/organs in the body, including ameloblasts, appear to be unaffected and normal. However little is known about the mechanism of NFI-C function in odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. Odontoblasts are tall, highly polarized cells that are responsible for formation and maintenance of the predentin and dentin. An indication of their polarity is the acquisition of specialized intercellular junctions. As preodontoblasts differentiate into odontoblasts, they are Joined and attached at the apical end by well developed terminal webs of cytoskeletal actins, and associated tight as well as adherent njunctions. In this study, in order to investigate if disruption of the NFI-C gene interferes with formation of a specific or other structural proteins of the intercellular junctions, we examined morphological characteristic of the aberrant odontoblast in NFI-C null mice using light and electron microscope. In addition, we determined the expression of major structural proteins of intercellular junctions, ZO-1 and occludin, during the differentiation of odontoblasts using immunohitochemistry. The results were as follows : 1. In light microscopy, abnormal odontoblasts of incisors of the NFI-C null mice were round in shape, lost their polarity, and trapped in osteodentin-like mineralized tissue. Mutant molars have relatively normal crowns, but short and abnormal differentiating adontoblasts in root formation area. 2. Electron microscopy of abnormal odontoblasts revealed the dissociation of the round osteoblast-like cells, the loss of their cellular polarity, and the absence of an intercellular junctional complex known as the tight junctions. 3. A mutant incisor showed labeling for ZO-1 at the proximal and distal ends of secreting ameloblasts, while staining for ZO-1 was not observed in the abnormal odontoblasts. 4. A normal incisor showed immunoreactivity for occludin in the differentiating odontoblasts. However, staining for occludin was not observed in the abnormal odontoblasts of mutant incisor. These results suggest that NFI-C gene causes dissociation of odontoblast and thus abberant odontoblast differentiation and abnormal dentin formation by interfering with the formation of intercellular junctions.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.47 no.10
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• pp.637-646
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• 2009

양성 종양(benign tumor)을 언급하기에 앞서 과오종(hamartoma) 및 과다 형성(hyperplasia)과의 차이를 구분할 필요가 있다. 양성 종양은 기원조직과 유사한 조직이 이상 증식하는 것으로 서서히 성장하지만 일반적으로 치료하기 전까지 이상 증식을 지속하는 진성 신생물을 일컫는다. 이에 비해 과오종은 정상 조직이 무질서하게 과증식하는 것으로 일정기간 후에는 성장을 멈추기 때문에 진성 신생물로 간주하지 않는다. 그러나 일부 과오종이 양성 종양에 포함되기도 하는데, 예를 들어 치아종은 정상적인 치성 조직의 성장이 완료되는 시기와 거의 동일한 시기에 성장을 멈추지만 양성 종양으로 분류된다. 과다 형성은 조직의 세포가 정상적인 배열 양상을 보이면서 세포의 수가 증가하는 것으로 지속적인 성장 양상을 보이지만 그 성장이 제한적이므로 양성 종양과는 구별된다. 양성 종양은 일반적으로 무통성으로 서서히 성장하기 때문에 종양의 크기가 증가하여 안면 종창이나 동통 등을 유발하는 경우에 발견될 수 있으며, 방사선검사에서 우연히 발견되기도 한다. 방사선검사는 병소의 위치, 범위, 특징 및 병소와 인접 해부학적 구조와의 관계 등 많은 방사선학적 진단 정보를 제공한다. 일부 종양은 방사선사진에서 매우 특징적인 소견을 나타내기 때문에 방사선학적 소견으로 예비 진단을 할 수 있을 정도의 진단정보를 제공하기도 하는 반면 어떤 종양들은 방사선사진에서 관찰되는 소견이 매우 유사하여 진단에 어려움을 주기도 한다. 따라서 종양의 확진을 위해서는 생검이 필수적이며, 방사선검사는 반드시 생검에 앞서 진행되어야만 정확한 방사선학적 진단을 할 수 있다. 양성 종양은 각각의 특징적인 방사선학적인 소견을 나타내지만 일반적으로 관찰되는 양성 종양의 특징이 존재하므로 이러한 일반적인 특징을 관찰하여 병소가 양성인지 악성인지를 감별할 수 있다. 첫째, 양성 종양은 대개 호발하는 부위가 있으므로 종양의 발생부위는 감별 진단을 하는 데 매우 중요하다. 일반적으로 치성 병소는 치아가 형성되는 하악관 상방의 치조돌기에서, 혈관성 및 신경성 병소는 하악관 내에서, 연골성 종양은 하악과두와 같이 연골세포가 잔존되어 있는 부위에서 발생하는 경우가 많다. 둘째, 양성 종양은 대체로 명확한 경계와 피질골성 변연을 보이며, 종종 병소가 결체조직으로 둘러싸여 있어 병소 주위에 방사선투과성 띠가 관찰되기도 한다. 셋째, 양성 종양은 일반적으로 인접 주위 조직에 압력을 가하면서 서서히 성장하기 때문에 인접 치아의 변위 또는 흡수, 피질골의 비박, 팽융 등의 소견을 보이며 피질골의 천공은 드물다. 방사선학적으로 양성 종양의 병소 내부는 방사선투과상으로 관찰되거나, 방사선불투과상으로 관찰되거나, 방사선투과상과 방사선불투과상이 혼재된 상으로 관찰된다. 저자는 이 지면에서 이러한 방사선학적 특징을 기초로 하여 구강악안면영역에 발생하는 양성 종양을 분류하고 각각의 특징에 대해 살펴보고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.553-557
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• 1999

In order to investigate the optical properties of the $Al_XGa_{1-X}N/GaN$ thin film grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method, the photoluminescene (PL), photocurrent (PC) and persistent photoconductivity (PPC) measurements were carried out at room temperature. The band gap of the $A1_x$$Ga_{1-x}$N/GaN was determined to 3.70 eV by the PL and PC measurements. The PC measurement on the light illumination from the top of the $A1_x$$Ga_{1-x}$N/GaN thin film provides peaks at 3.70, 3.43, and around 2.2 eV. The PC spectrum by the illumination passing through from the substrate of the sample can be shown at 3.43 eV together with a broad tail band from the GaN band edge to around 2.23 eV. The photocurrent quenching and anomalous PPC decay observed in PPC measurements indicate that metastable electron states are fomed in the band gap of GaN layer to trap electrons which can be tunneled the potential barrier for long recovery time.