• Title/Summary/Keyword: 비상 전력

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A Study on Standardization of UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) for Traffic Signal Controller (교통신호제어기용 무정전전원장치 용량기준 연구)

  • Ko, Kwang-Yong;Lee, Choul-Ki;Kim, Min-Sung;Heo, Nak-Won;Jeong, Jun-Ha
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.11 no.5
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2012
  • Unlike the past, modern urban intersections have dramatic growth in size and utilizations. As a result, continual traffic signal control is essential. Hence the individual or regional electrical blackout may bring about uncontrollable traffic congestion. Late summer of 2011 a regional blackout brought about traffic nightmare not including time and revenue loss associated with this disaster. Due to this disaster our national police agency and other government agencies are in process of introducing an UPS (uninterruptible power supply) system into essential intersections. This study estimates the power consumption necessary to sustain at least 2 continuous hours for a standard four-legged intersection. Prototype was studied using these standards. The field experiment of prototype showed positive results and was able to meet standard guidelines set forth. Prototype tested was able to meet standards in medium to large capacity of traffic size.

Improved BER Performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access System for Interactive Mobile Users: Maximum Likelihood Detection Perspective (상호작용 이동통신 사용자에 대한 비직교 다중접속 시스템의 BER 성능 향상: ML 검출 관점)

  • Chung, Kyu-Hyuk
    • The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.865-872
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    • 2020
  • In the fifth generation (5G) mobile networks, non-orthogonal multiple access (: NOMA) has been considered as a promising technology, to increase the channel capacity. In NOMA, the multiple users share the channel resources and multiplex simultaneously. Recently, for the stronger channel user, it was reported that the bit-error rate (: BER) performance with interactive mobile users is degraded, compared to the BER of non-interactive users. In this paper, in order to improve such degraded BER performance, we propose the maximum-likelihood (: ML) receiver. First, the closed-form expression for the BER of the ML receiver is derived, and then it is shown that the BER of the ML receiver is improved, compared with the BER of the ideal perfect successive interference cancellation (: SIC) receiver. Additionally, based on the analytical expression, Monte Carlo simulations validates the above-mentioned results.

A study for on Effective Educational Model for Entrusted Professional Soldiers. (직업군인(하사관이상)을 위한 교화적인 산업체 위탁교육모델 개발연구)

  • 김경복;남궁랑
    • The Journal of Information Technology
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.143-162
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    • 1998
  • As a method of providing lifelong educational opportunities to working professionals, some legal provisions allowing for the establishment and management of an entrusted education system linked with college and corporation was duly approved in 1994. According to the recent trend in the military organization, to provide higher educational opportunities to noncommissioned officers and warrant officers with the purpose of inspiring their spirit and improving military capabilities has been much increased. Professional soldiers such as noncommissioned officers and warrant officers have a lot of problems to continue their attendance at school because of regular military maneuvers, constant alert status and long-term outdoor military training. Even more serious problem is that the current curriculums and some departments in college are not concurrent with the present job specifications and the military specialties of the individual soldier as well. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to introduce a newly revised educational model that provides more viable academic courses and curriculums to military professionals along with a proposal for the establishment and management of long distance educational system within barracks, utilizing the latest information and telecommunication technology.

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Study on the mobile phone case for self-power generation (자가발전용 휴대폰 케이스에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Jin Ho;Park, Chang Hyung;Han, Seung Chul
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.8-12
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    • 2017
  • This paper presents the mobile phone case for self-power generation and recharge for emergency calls or text messages at the discharge of a battery. If the user shakes his smart phone case, the interaction of electromagnetic coil and permanent magnet in an electric generator produces electric energy, which charges the lithium-ion battery. This enables the user to give a few calls or text messages. In addition, the vibration energy from humans walking at a frequency of 2 ~ 3Hz charges the battery. The electric generator was simulated using MAXWELL, a commercial electromagnetic analysis program, to analyze the electric power generation. Finally a prototype of the mobile phone case for self-power generation was built based on the analysis and its performance was verified.

Study of a Photovoltaic System as an Emergency Power Supply for Offshore Plant Facilities (해양플랜트 설비의 비상전원공급을 위한 태양광 발전시스템 연구)

  • Choi, Gun Hwan;Lee, Byung Ho;Jung, Rho-Taek;Shin, Kyubo
    • Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.279-286
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    • 2018
  • The use of eco-friendly energy in the offshore plant system is expanding because conventional generators are operated by fossil fuel or natural gas. Eco-friendly energy, which replaces existing power generation methods, should be capable of generating the power for lighting protection equipment, airborne fault indication, parameter measurement, and others. Most of the eco-friendly energy used in offshore plant facilities is solar and wind power. In the case of using photovoltaic power, because the structure must be constructed based as flat solar panels, it can be damaged easily by the wind. Therefore, there is a need for a new generation system composed of a spherical structure that does not require a separate structure and is less influenced by the wind. Considering these characteristics, in this study we designed, fabricated, and tested a unit that could provide the most efficient spherical photovoltaic power generation considering wind direction and wind pressure. Our test results indicated that the proposed system reduced costs because it did not require any separate structure, used eco-friendly energy, reduced carbon dioxide emissions, and expanded the proportion of eco-friendly energy use by offshore plant facilities.

A Study on the Large-Scale Power Blackout Management System in the Level of National Crisis Management (대규모 정전상태에 대비한 국가위기관리 방향에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Kwang-Rae;Joo, Il-Yeob
    • Korean Security Journal
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    • no.10
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    • pp.387-407
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    • 2005
  • Thanks to the developments of IT technologies, such critical infrastructures as fundamental structures of energies, material circulations, monetary circulations, and living necessaries are intertwined as well as mutually dependent. In this respect, the fact that national infrastructures are closely related to IT infrastructures implies not only expected benefits to provide diverse information-based services, but also anticipated costs to bring about new dangers. However, in spite of these threats, traditional researchers have not put enough interests in these indirect danger, which yield the damages in broad areas through paralyzing risk management systems, although they have investigated such direct threats as nuclear accidents, conflagrations, traffic troubles, and gasoline accidents. Considering that the tendency to depend on electricity, so-called electrification, which is caused by automation and informationalization, is intensified in all parts of society, the breakout problem as a factor to inhibit securities in information-oriented society is significant. Thus, the problems of large-scale power blackout should be treated as national crises. Also, preparation systems for large-scale power blackout have to be provided quickly. In this paper, with analyzing various cases of large-scale power blackout and investigation the causes of them, researches on the blackout management systems of Korea are to be present, on the basis of national crisis management states which are comprised of protection (mitigating and preparing), responding, and recovering(rewarding).

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Human-Powered Generator designed for Sustainable Driving (고출력 지속이 가능한 인체 구동 방식의 자가 발전기 개발)

  • Lim, Yoon-Ho;Yang, Yoonseok
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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    • v.52 no.7
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    • pp.135-142
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    • 2015
  • Human-powered self-generating devices have been attractive with its operation characteristic independent from outer environment such as weather condition and wind speed. However, conventional self-generators have low electric power output due to their weakly-coupled electromagnetic structure. More importantly, rotary crank motion which is usually adopted by conventional self-generator to generate electricity requires specific skeletal muscles to maintain large torque circular motion and consequently, causes fatigue on those muscles before it can generate enough amount of electricity for any practical application. Without improvement in electric power output and usability, the human-powered self-generator could not be used in everyday life. This study aims to develop a human-powered self-generator which realized a strong electromagnetic coupling in a closed-loop tubular structure (hula-hoop shape) for easy and steady long-term driving as well as larger electric output. The performance and usability of the developed human-powered generator is verified through experimental comparison with a commercial one. Additionally, human workload which is a key element of a human-powered generator but not often considered elsewhere, is estimated based on metabolic energy expenditure measured respiratory gas analyzer. Further study will focus on output and portability enhancement, which can contribute to the continuous power supply of mobile equipments.

Development of Real-time based Hardware-In-Loop Simulator for performance evaluation of wind turbine control system (풍력발전기 제어시스템 성능평가를 위한 실시간 처리 기반의 Hardware-In-Loop 시뮬레이터 개발)

  • Kim, Dae-Jin;Ryu, Kyung-Sang;Kim, Byungki;Jang, Moon-Seok;Ko, Hee-Sang;Yoo, Cheol
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.18 no.10
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    • pp.794-805
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    • 2017
  • This paper proposes a Hardware-In-Loop(HIL) Simulator for a Wind Turbine and an operational control algorithm to evaluate the performance of a wind turbine control system. It provides not only for the validation of the control logics, safety functions and H/W failure, but also for the high reliability of the wind turbines (by reducing/and the reduction of the operating expense(OPEX) through performance evaluation tests with complex scenarios. On the other hand, the proposed simulator uses MATLAB, CODER, and the PLC library to operate in synchronization with the hardware, and a real-time processing-based wind turbine module including a dynamic model and control system, wind module, grid module and host PC to manage the HIL-simulator. Several experiments were carried out under the above concept to verify the effectiveness of the proposed WT HIL-simulator.

Introduction of the Best Practices in the Pakistan Gulpur HEPP (파키스탄 Gulpur 수력발전 현장의 Best Practices 소개)

  • JANG, Ock Jae;HONG, Won Pyo;CHAE, Hee Moon
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2022.05a
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    • pp.216-217
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    • 2022
  • Gulpur 수력발전 프로젝트는 전력난을 겪고 있는 파키스탄에 102 MW 규모의 수력발전소를 건설하여 30년 동안 운영 관리한 후 파키스탄 정부로 양도하는 IPP(Independent Power Producing) 형식의 투자사업이다. 남동발전과 DL E&C, 롯데건설이 Sponsor로서 출자한 자본금과, ADB, IFC, K-EXIM 등의 대주단로부터의 차입금을 재원으로 하여 소요 사업비를 조달하고 사업을 개발하였다. DL E&C와 롯데건설이 EPC(Engineering, Procurement, Construction)를 수행하였고, 이산이 Design consultant의 역할을 수행하였다. Gulpur 수력발전 프로젝트의 발전형식은 수로식(run-of-river)으로 201 m3/s의 발전유량과 102 MW의 발전 시설용량을 이용하여 연평균예상발전량은 398 GWh이다. 주요 구조물로는 설계 재현빈도 1년의 유수전환시설(가물막이댐 & 가배수터널)과 콘크리트 중력식댐(H 67 m, L 205 m), 도수터널(D 6.7 m, L 215 m, 2기), 옥외형 발전소 (H 51 m, W 60 m, L 38 m, Kaplan 2기)가 있으며, 2015년 10월 착공하여 2020년 3월 상업발전을 시작하였다. 본 프로젝트는 DL E&C의 첫 번째 EPC 해외수력발전 프로젝트이다. 따라서 프로젝트의 성공적 수행을 위한 경제적 설계, 시공의 효율성 및 안정성 확보 등을 위하여 많은 연구를 수행하는 과정에서 다양한 기술 개선을 이룰 수 있었다. 본고에서는 Gulpur 프로젝트를 통하여 도출된 성공 사례들을 소개 및 공유하고자 한다. 첫 번째로 콘크리트 중력식댐 시공을 위한 유수전환시설의 최적 설계빈도를 산정하였다. 일반적으로 유수전환시설의 규모는 설계기준에 제시된 설계 재현빈도를 이용하는데, 해외 설계기준에서는 10년, 국내 설계기준에서는 1~2년으로 다르게 제시되어 있는 문제점이 있다. 유수전환시설의 규모는 프로젝트의 경제성에 큰 영향을 미치기 때문에 최적 설계빈도의 결정이 필요하며, 위험도분석기법(Risk Analysis)과 기대화폐가치법(Expected Monetary Value)을 이용하여 유수전환시설의 최적 설계 재현빈도와 이에 영향을 미치는 인자를 분석하였다. 위험도는 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션으로 산정된 가물막이댐 파괴확률과 재현빈도를 이용하여 산정된 가물막이댐 월류확률을 고려하였으며, 비용 및 피해액으로는 유수전환시설의 공사비, 가물막이댐 파괴시의 재건설비용과 지체보상금, 가물막이댐 월류시의 복구비용을 고려하였다. 이에 대한 연구결과로, 유수전환시설의 사용기간과 월류시의 복구비용이 유수전환시설의 설계 재현기간 결정에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 특히 월류시의 복구비용이 작을수록 낮은 설계 재현빈도를 선택하는 것이 타당한 것으로 나타났다. 예를 들어, 유수전환시설의 사용기간이 3 ~ 5년, 복구비용이 0.5 ~ 1.0 mil USD 이하인 조건에서 가물막이시설의 최적 설계빈도는 1년 ~ 2년인 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 유수전환시설의 사용기간은 본댐의 규모와 시공기간 등을 고려하여 결정되는 사항으로 설계자가 임의 조정할 수 없지만, 복구비용은 시공 관리자에 따라 결정되는 부분으로, 적극적 홍수 피해 저감 및 복구방안을 마련하는 것이 프로젝트의 경제성을 향상시킬 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 두 번째로 프로젝트의 경제성 향상, 홍수기 댐 시공시의 안전성 확보를 위하여 홍수 조기경보시스템(Early Warning System)을 개발 및 활용하였다. 수로식(Run-of-river) 수력발전댐은 대부분 산악지역에 위치하기 때문에 국지성 강우 및 급한 지형 경사로 인하여 돌발홍수(flash flood)의 발생 가능성이 높다. 따라서 시공 중 홍수(월류) 발생을 미리 감지하고 현장에 전파할 수 있는, 수로식(Run-of-river) 수력발전댐 현장을 위한 홍수 조기경보시스템이 필요하며, 이를 리스크 인식, 모니터링 및 경보, 전파 및 연락, 반응 능력 향상의 4가지 부분으로 나누어 구축하였다. 리스크 인식 부분에서는 가물막이댐 월류 발생 상황에 대한 위험도, 취약성, 리스크를 제시하였으며, 모니터링 및 경보 부분에서는 상류 측정수위에서 유도된 현장 예상수위와 실제 현장 측정 수위를 대상으로 경보홍수위와 위험홍수위로 나누어 관리하였다. 전파 및 연락 부분에서는 현장 시공 조직을 활용하여 홍수시를 대비한 비상연락체계도(Emergency communication flow chart)를 운영하였으며, 반응 능력 향상을 위해 비상연락체계도의 팀별 Action plan을 상세화 하였다. 세 번째로 현장의 지질특성과 50여 차례 발파시험으로 현장 고유의 발파진동감쇄곡선을 도출하였으며, 이를 통해 현장의 시공성과 콘크리트 품질 확보를 동시에 달성할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다. 콘크리트댐 공사에서는 제한된 공기 내에 공사를 완료하기 위해 사면부 굴착과 콘크리트 타설이 동시에 수행될 수밖에 없는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 그러나 신규 콘크리트 타설면 근처에서 발파를 수행하는 경우 발파로 발생되는 탄성파가 일정 수준을 초과하게 되면, 콘크리트 양생에 영향을 주게 된다. 따라서 다수의 현장 발파시험을 통해 발파거리와 최대진동속도의 상관관계 즉, 발파진동감쇄곡선을 도출함으로써 현장의 발파진동특성을 도출할 수 있었다. 또한, 기존 연구 논문들을 통해 콘크리트 재령기간 별 안전진동속도를 선정하고, 해당 안전진동속도를 초과하지 않는 범위에서 콘크리트 타설면과 발파위치의 거리에 따라 1회 발파 가능한 장약량을 산정하여 적용하였다. 이와 같은 체계적인 접근을 통해 콘크리트 타설과 발파 작업 동시 수행에 대한 논란을 해소할 수 있었다.

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Low price type inspection and monitoring system of lithium ion batteries for hybrid vessels (하이브리드 선박용 리튬 배터리의 저가형 감시시스템 구현)

  • Kwon, Hyuk-joo;Kim, Min-kwon;Lee, Sung-geun
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.28-33
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    • 2016
  • Batteries are used for main power engine in the fields such as mobiles, electric vehicles and unmanned submarines, for starter and lamp driver in general automotive, for emergency electric source in ship. These days, lead-acid and the lithium ion batteries are increasingly used in the fields of the secondary battery, and the lead-acid battery has a low price and safety comparatively, The lithium ion battery has a high energy density, excellent output characteristics and long life, whereas it has the risk of explosion by reacting with moisture in the air. But Recently, due to the development of waterproof, fireproof, dustproof technology, lithium batteries are widely used, particularly, because their usages are getting wider enough to be used as a power source for hybrid ship and electric propulsion ship, it is necessary to manage more strictly. Hybrid ship has power supply units connected to the packets to produce more than 500kWh large power source, and therefore, A number of the communication modules and wires need to implement the wire inspection and monitor system(WIIMS) that allows monitoring server to transmit detecting voltage, current and temperature data, which is required for the management of the batteries. This paper implements a low price type wireless inspection and monitoring system(WILIMS) of the lithium ion battery for hybrid vessels using BLE wireless communication modules and power line modem( PLM), which have the advantages of low price, no electric lines compared to serial communication inspection systems(SCIS). There are state of charge(SOC), state of health(SOH) in inspection parts of batteries, and proposed system will be able to prevent safety accidents because it allows us to predict life time and make a preventive maintenance by checking them at regular intervals.