• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Organic Agriculture Conference
• /
• 2009.12a
• /
• pp.322-322
• /
• 2009

국내산 밀을 유기농 재배하여 친환경 농산물 인증을 받으려면 파종에 필요한 종자도 유기농으로 생산된 것(유기종자)을 사용해야한다. 국립식량과학원에서는 유기종자 생산용 밀 품종 선발을 위한 연구를 수행하고 있으며, 관련 시험으로서 유기질 비료 시비가 밀의 농업형질 및 종자의 아미노산 함량에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 무비, 화학비료 및 유기질 비료를 시비한 시험구에 금강밀 등 24개 밀 품종을 파종하여 시험 구별로 출수기 등 농업형질과 수확된 종자의 아미노산 함량을 분석하였다. 밀의 출수기는 시비 조건에 따른 영향을 받지 않았으나 성숙기는 유기질 비료 시비조건에서 화학비료 및 무비보다 1일과 2일 지연되었다. 밀의 간장, 수장, 수수, 수당립수 및 L중은 시비의 종류에 따른 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 한편, 유기질 비료 시비에 따른 밀 종실수량(368.4kg/10a)은 무비 및 화학비료보다 각각 25%와 8% 유의하게 증가하였다. 밀 종자의 전체 아미노산 함량은 무비<화학비료<유기질비료 순으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 각각의 아미노산별로 시비조건에 따른 함량차이를 조사한 결과, Glutamate 등 13종의 아미노산은 시비조건에서 5~16% 증가하였다. Alanine 함량의 경우 무비조건에 비하여 유기질 비료 시비조건에서 38% 증가하였으나 화학비료 시비조건에서는 12% 감소하였다. 한편, tyrosine, phenylalanine 및 proline은 유기질 비료 시비조건에서 11~29% 감소하였으나, 화학비료 시비조건에서 9~36% 증가하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
• /
• 2002.02a
• /
• pp.86-91
• /
• 2002

이상의 연구를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 시비량의 계산식에 의해 계산된 실제 비료의 투입예정량은 균일시비구획은 86.74kg, 변량 시비구획은 80.84kg이였고, 실제 변량시비구획에 살포된 비료의 양은 68.76kg로서 투입 예상량의 -14.94%로 나타났다. 2. 실제 투입된 비료의 양이 적은 것은 74번에서 78번사이의 구획에서 호퍼의 출구에 덩어리진 비료에 의해 막혀 비료가 살포되지 않았던 것과 28번 구획에서 호퍼안의 비료가 바닥나서 비료가 살포되지 않았던 것이 주된 원인으로 확인되었다. 3. 벼의 질소보유량으로 계산된 예상 시비량과 실제 모터의 회전수에 의해 계산된 실제 시비량과의 관계는 Y=-0.063+0.912X라는 회기직선으로 나타났고, r값은 0.965로서 변량살포 작업은 74번∼78번, 28번 구획을 제외하고는 잘 된 것으로 평가되었다. 4. 수확량과 CV값은 전 구획에서 7.04t/ha, 7.71%로서 균일시비구획에서는 7.13t/ha, 4.84%, 변량시비구획에서는 6.96t/ha, 9.77%로 나타났다. 변량시비구획에서 수확량이 적고 CV값이 크게 나타난 이유는 x9구획의 생육상태가 좋지 않았기 때문이며 변량시비구획에서 x9구획의 데이터를 제외한 결과는 수확량이 7.16t/ha, CV값은 7.91%로 나타났다. 5. 변량시비를 적용하여 시비량을 15% 줄이더라도 수확량에는 커다란 변동이 없다는 것을 확인할 수 있었고 좀더 정확한 생육진단과 관리가 이루어진다면 각 구획에서 수확량의 변동을 줄이는 것이 가능하리라 생각한다.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.140-146
• /
• 2002

본 시험은 채종유박과 미강유박을 주원료로 하고 질소, 인산, 칼리의 함량이 7.23%이고 중금속이 거의 없이 개발된 유기질비료(크럼블-80)를 공시비료로 기비와 추비시비 방식의 포장시험을 통하여 토양과 한국잔디의 생육에 미치는 영향과 시비효율을 구명하여 올바른 시비방법 및 시비량을 제시하고자 2000년 4월부터 12월까지 경기도 용인시 소재 태광컨트리클럽 증식포(기비시험)와 경기도 파주시 소재 서서울컨트리클럽 10홀 티(추비시험)에서 실시하였다. 기비시험 결과, 엽록소 측정결과의 처리효과는 무처리구가 100일 때 관행구 117%, 관행구+크럼블-80 $150g/m^2$ 123%, 크럼블-80 $150g/m^2$ 115%, 크럼블-80 $300g/m^2$ 119%, 크럼블-80 $75g/m^2$ 102%로 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 유기질비료인 크럼블-80은 시비량에 따라 엽록소 함량이 약간 증가되었으나 NPK와 혼합처리구에서 가장 높은 것은 공시비료의 단독처리보다는 복합비료와 혼용하는 것이 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 추비시험 결과, 잔디생육기간 중 잔디건물중을 조사한 결과는 크럼블-80의 시용량이 많을수록 잔디건물중도 증가하였으며, 처리구에 따라 무처리구보다 5~45(%) 정도의 증수효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 엽록소함량은 처리구가 무처리구보다는 높았으나 골프코스에 필요한 녹색유지에는 부족하므로 화학비료와의 혼용시비가 필요하다고 판단된다. 본 시험결과로 볼 때 시험에 사용된 공시비료는 골프코스 잔디관리에 적합한 비료로 판단된다. 시험결과를 토대로 한 권장시비량은 기비시비의 경우 잔디식재 전에 공시비료 $300g/m^2$를 표토 10cm와 잘 혼합하여 시비하되, 추비시비는 공시비료와 화학비료와의 혼용시비가 필요하다고 판단된다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.61 no.4
• /
• pp.264-269
• /
• 2016

The present study was conducted to establish the optimal fertilization type and method for no-tillage during the first year of No-tillage (NT) and Conventional-tillage (CT) practices for soybean, using different types of fertilizers. In this experiment, the culm length and stalk diameter showed a greater response to fertilization with surface irrigation than to conventional fertilization. The fastest flowering period (July 28) occurred using chemical fertilization applied via subsurface irrigation. Comparing maturation based on growth characteristics and flowering date revealed that fertilization with subsurface irrigation was more effective for the growth of crops than other methods. Regarding yield, there was no significant difference between livestock and chemical fertilizers in subsurface irrigation, but there were significant differences between these fertilizers when using conventional fertilization methods. Based on the results, livestock fertilizer with subsurface irrigation effectively enhanced crop quantity. Nitrogen absorption of plants using subsurface irrigation was more effective than that using conventional fertilization. Regarding phosphorus absorption of plants, chemical fertilizers showed higher absorption than did livestock fertilizers for both subsurface irrigation and conventional fertilization. Unlike nitrogen, phosphorus was highly absorbed using conventional fertilization. Absorption of phosphorus and potassium were similar but phosphorus was not absorbed using livestock fertilizers applied either using subsurface irrigation or with conventional fertilization.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.484-492
• /
• 2014

We quantified the effects of the composition and concentration of fertilizer solutions on the growth and nutrient uptake of 'Maehyang' strawberry at the vegetative growth stage. Acid fertilizer (AF), neutral fertilizer (NF), and basic fertilizer (BF) with concentrations of 100 or $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ based on N, were formulated and applied during the 100 days after transplanting, at which point crop growth and tissue nutrient contents were analyzed. The soil solutions were sampled every two weeks to measure the pH, EC and nutrient concentrations. BF was a more effective fertilizer compared to AF and NF for growth of 'Maehyang' strawberry when fertilizer concentrations were controlled to $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. By contrast, the fresh and dry weights were greatest in the NF treatment when fertilizer concentrations were controlled to $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. The tissue contents of N, P, and Na were 2.20, 0.51 and 0.10%, respectively, in the NF 200 treatment, and these were the highest among all treatments tested. The highest contents of K, Ca and Mg were 2.60% in AF 200, 0.95% in BF 200 and 0.45% in BF 100, respectively. During the fertilization period, the highest and lowest pHs were 6.13 in BF 100 and 4.92 in AF 200. The lowest EC was $1.376dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in BF 100 and the highest was $4.936dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in NF 200 treatments. The highest $NH_4{^+}$ concentrations in the soil solution occurred during the AF 200 treatment, followed by those with NF 200 and AF 100. When fertilizer concentrations were equal, AF treatment gave rise to the highest $Ca^{+2}$ and $Mg^{+2}$ concentrations, followed by NF and BF, until day 84 of fertilization. The BF treatments had the highest $NO_3{^-}$ concentrations followed by NF and AF. The trends for $PO_4^{-3}$ concentrations were similar in all fertilizer treatments when the fertilizer concentrations were equal. The above results indicate that neutral and basic fertilizers were most effective to promote 'Maehyang' strawberry growth when fertilizer solutions were controlled to low or high concentrations, respectively. These findings are useful for planning fertilization programs for vegetative propagation of 'Maehyang' strawberry.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.58 no.1
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 2013

The newly developed fertilizer is the slow-releasing fertilizer which can be used as a basal fertilizer without no additional fertilization at tillering stage. It has 30-4-6% of $N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ and was coated with mixture of LDPE (Low density polyethylene), EVA (Ethylene vinyl acetate), BDP (Bio degraded polymer), TALC and nonionic surfactant for the controlled release up to 50 days after application. Coating materials were designed to be decomposed naturally. This fertilizer can be applied directly to the seedling tray mechanically just before transplanting, resulting in significant labor saving effect. The developed slow-release fertilizer, which can replace both basal fertilization and top dressing at tillering stage by single application directly to seedling tray, showed the highest release at 14~21 days after transplanting. Considering the plant growth at different growth stages and yield, the optimal application rate of developed slow-release fertilizer was 300 g per rice nursery tray and the yield of rice at this application rate was 5.25 MT/ha. Rice quality in terms of head rice grain ratio, amylose content, whiteness, and taste value decreased as fertilization rate increased from 200 g to 500 g per nursery tray. Fertilization rate based on quantity of fertilizer ingredients (N, P, K) was reduced by 49.3% compared to the standard application rate and there was 49.2% reduction in labor input for fertilization.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 1977

This experiment was to investigate and analyse the effect of fertilizer at different level of treatment where the ordinary chemical fertilizers (Urea, TSP, muriate of potash) and the same amount of nutrients contained solid fertilizer respectively applied. 1. Ordinary chemical fertilizer known as quick releasing fertilizer showed its main effect in the first and second years but the effect was declined in the third year wheras slow releasing solid fertilizer showed no effect in the first year but gradually appeared in second year was reached at peak in the third year and effect continued till the forth year. 2. Both treatments, ordinary chemical fertilizer and solid fertilizer, showed fertilizer effect however ordinary chemical fertilizer treatment had 6.2 per cent of fertilizer loss over the solid fertilizer treatment. 3. Optimum fertilizer dose per tree seems to be 40-80 grams and fertilizer effect was continued for three years after the treatment. Fertilizer response in the first year only appeared on leaves with dark in color and its response on growth was observed in second year where ordinary chemical fertilizer applied and solid fertilizer treatment showed in third year. 4. For the above results, it may be desirable that optimum amount of ordinary chemical fertilizer should be applied once every other or every two years and solid fertilizer should be applied once every two years or every three years. 5. Solid fertilizer does not occure fertilizer damage when it was applied in excess and has labor saving advantage. 6. It is highly recommendable to produce solid fertilizer for the forest use in view of improving forest soil fertility and increasing forest resources in Korea.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.476-482
• /
• 2001

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of slow-release fertilizer application on quality elevation of onion (Allium cepa L.) in southwestern sea. The slow-release fertilizers used were NIAST (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology) I, II, CDU (Crotonylidene Diurea), UF (Urea-Formaldehydes), and IBDU (Isobutylidene Diurea) 30, 50. Growth of the onion plant treated with slow-release fertilizer showed better than the control. However, a rate of infected plant to downy mildew was low as compared with control. Chlorophyll and total nitrogen contents were high in control, whereas firmness, soluble solid content, number and thickness of scaly leaves were high in slow-release fertilizer plot. In early maturing onion, total marketable bulb yield was higher in slow-release fertilizer plot than all other fertilizer treatments. Total marketable bulb yield in late maturing onion treated with slow-release fertilizer was slightly decreased. Decaying loss and the rate of sprouting during storage period decreased in slow-release fertilizer application. In summary, application of slow-release fertilizer increased marketable yield, storability after harvest and also reduced labor needs for top dressing.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2015

Objective of this research was to investigate the influence of compositions and concentrations of fertilizer solutions on the vegetative growth and nutrient uptake of 'Seolhyang' strawberry. To achieve this, the solutions of acid fertilizer (AF), neutral fertilizer (NF), and basic fertilizer (BF) were prepared at concentrations of 100 or $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ based on N and applied during the 100 days after transplanting. The changes in chemical properties of the soil solution were analysed every two weeks, and crop growth measurements as well as tissue analyses for mineral contents were conducted 100 days after fertilization. The growth was the highest in the treatments with BF, followed by those with NF and AF. The heaviest fresh and dry weights among treatments were 151.3 and 37.8 g, respectively, with BF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. In terms of tissue nutrient contents, the highest N, P and Na contents, of 3.08, 0.54, and 0.10%, respectively, were observed in the treatment with NF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. The highest K content was 2.83%, in the treatment with AF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, while the highest Ca and Mg were 0.98 and 0.42%, respectively, in BF $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. The AF treatments had higher tissue Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu contents compared to those of NF or BF when fertilizer concentrations were controlled to equal. During the 100 days after fertilization, the highest and lowest pH in soil solution of root media among all treatments tested were 6.67 in BF $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and 4.69 in AF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. The highest and lowest ECs were $5.132dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in BF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and $1.448dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in BF $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. For the concentrations of macronutrients in the soil solution of root media, the AF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment gave the highest $NH_4$ concentrations followed by NF $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and AF $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. The K concentrations in all treatments rose gradually after day 42 in all treatments. When fertilizer concentrations were controlled to equal, the highest Ca and Mg concentrations were observed in AF followed by NF and BF until day 84 in fertilization. The BF treatments produced the highest $NO_3$ concentrations, followed by NF and AF. The trends in the change of $PO_4$ concentration were similar in all treatments. The $SO_4$ concentrations were higher in treatments with AF than those with NF or BF until day 70 in fertilization. These results indicate that compositions of fertilizer solution should to be modified to contain more alkali nutrients when 'Seolhyang' strawberry is cultivated through inert media and nutri-culture systems.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.112-117
• /
• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate effects on the co-situs application of coated urea complex fertilizer in dry seeded rice in Dukpyong series soil. Number of spikelet established in 15 days after seeding, conventional plot was $120ea\;per\;m^2$. and whole layer placement(WLP), co-situs application 70%(CSA70%) plot and co-situs application 50%(CSA50%) plot were 146, 126 and $120ea\;per\;m^2$, respectively. There was not concentration obstacle in co-situs application plot in spite of closing application between seed and coated urea complex fertilizer. The amount of $NH_4-N$ into soil solution in different growth stage was highest in WLP 70% plot compare to other treatment. N uptaken amount was highest in CSA 70% plot as $94kg\;ha^{-1}$ compare to $90kg\;ha^{-1}$ of WLP 79% plot and $82kg\;ha^{-1}$ of CSA 50% plot. However, N use efficiency of CSA 50% plot was highest among treatments as 48%. Rice yield was highest in CSA 70% plot as 102% compared to conventional plot.