• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.53-88
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• 2018

Among the cultural industries, the game industry is the most economically valuable industry. It has been about twenty years since the game policy has been implemented and the game laws have been enacted. If the law is a willing expression for the realization of the policy, the orientation of the game policy can be grasped through revision of the game laws. SOUND RECORDS, VIDEO PRODUCTS, AND GAME SOFTWARE ACT, established in 1999, and GAME INDUSTRY PROMOTION ACT, which was enacted in 2006, are regulated by many revisions. In this paper, I try to understand the direction and meaning of Korean game policy(classification, game dysfunction, gambling, industry growth) through the contents of the revision of the game law for 20 years. The game policy shown through the amendment of the game law is intended to protect the game by regulating the game, and to protect the game user by preventing the gambling and preventing the game dysfunction, and to increase autonomy of users and choice of producers by switching to self rating system, and based on this, an environment for continuous industrial growth is created. In the future, game policies should consider cooperation with social areas beyond game-specific areas. On the other hand, it needs to respond to new agendas such as polarization of industrial structure, fair environment, employment environment.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.43-52
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• 2020

This paper presents a fast pattern tracking method using location prediction in cubemap video for 360-degree VR. A spherical cubemap frame has six face textures and searching a pattern is much slower than a flat image. To overcome the limitation, we propose a method of predicting the location of target pattern using Kalman filter and reducing the search area by considering only textures of predicted location. The experimental results showed that the proposed system is much faster than the previous method of searching all six faces and also gives accurate pattern tracking performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.227-229
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• 2019

Currently, people use game engines which is consist of essential elements(Graphic engine, Physics engine, Audio engine, UI system, Gameplay frameworks, etc) to develop video. This game engine is used for its own development, but usually it is used by renting a commercial engine. To be able to use such a game engine requires a lot of theoretical and functional education, but in a limited period of university education, it is impossible to deal with various game engines in game art colleges, not general engineering universities. This paper will compare and analyze the characteristics, and merits and demerits of these two kinds of Game engines (Unity and Unreal engine), and showed the result of analyses about the fact that educating which of the above 2 Game engines are helpful and beneficial for the students for the efficient education in the Art college where should teach much in the limited time.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.34-46
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• 2023

To investigate the trends in science education research related to play and derive implications for elementary science education research, we analyzed 109 research articles on play in science education published both in Korea and abroad. First, the number of research studies conducted abroad has been steadily increasing since 2009, with the highest number targeting middle school students. Conversely, domestic research has the highest number of papers targeting elementary school students. Second, in terms of research methods, quantitative methods were the most commonly used. Third, the use of questionnaires was the most frequently published research method, while the use of observation and products was smaller in number in domestic studies compared to those conducted abroad. Fourth, In the aspects of the contents, more research was conducted in the field of physics than in other areas. In case of researches for elementary school students, domestic research was focused on four areas of science. Fifth, among the studies exploring effectiveness, the 'cognitive domain' was the most studied, followed by the 'science-related attitude domain' and the 'inquiry and practice domain'. Sixth, the use of play was high in the following order: online games, video games, virtual play, and games with rules. For domestic researches, studies on analog play were most frequently reported, and the ratio of digital games in abroad was higher than that of others. Seventh, the highest number of papers used teacher-directed play, and this tendency was more noticeable in domestic studies.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2001

Objectives: An Increased level of psychophysiologic arousal and diminished physiologic flexibility would be observed in patients with panic disorder compared with a normal control group. We investigated the differences of psychophysiologic response between patients with panic disorder and normal control to examine this hypothesis. Methods: Ten Korean patients with panic disorder who met the diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV were compared with 10 normal healthy subjects. In psychological assessment, levels of anxiety and depression were evaluated by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck's Depression Inventory and Hamilton Rating Scale For Anxiety and Depression. Heart rate, respiration rate, electrodermal response, and electromyographic activity were measured by biofeedback system (J & J I-330 model) to determine psychophysiologic responses on autonomic nervous system. Stressful tasks included mental arithmetic, video game, hyperventilation, and talking about a stressful event. Psychophysiologic responses were measured according to the following procedures : baseline(3 min)-mental arithmetic (3 min)-rest (3 min)-video game (3 min)-rest (3 min)-hyperventilation (3 min)-rest (3 min)-talking about a stressful event (3 min). Results: The baseline level of anxiety and depression, electrodermal response (p=.017), electromyographic activity (p=.047) and heart rate (p=.049) of patients with panic disorder were significantly higher than those of the normal subject group. In electrodermal response, patient group had significantly higher startle response than the control group during hyperventilation (p=.001). Startle and recovery responses of heart rate in the patient group were significantly lower than responses in the control group during mental arithmetic (p=.007, p=.002). In electrodermal response of the patient group, startle response was significantly higher than recovery response during mental arithmetic (p=.000) and video game task (p=.021). Recovery response was significantly higher than startle response in respiratory response during hyperventilation. Conclusion: The results showed that patients with panic disorder had higher autonomic arousal than the control group, but the physiologic flexibility was variable. We suggest that it is helpful for treatment of panic disorder to decrease the level of autonomic arousal and to recover the physiologic flexibility in certain stressful event.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.171-176
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• 2020

Reinforcement learning is a well-known method for training an artificial software agent for a video game. Even though many reinforcement learning algorithms have been proposed, their performance was varies depending on an application area. This paper compares the performance of the algorithms when we train our reinforcement learning agent for a 2D racing game. We defined performance metrics to analyze the results and plotted them into various graphs. As a result, we found ACER (Actor Critic with Experience Replay) achieved the best rewards than other algorithms. There was 157% gap between ACER and the worst algorithm.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.167-176
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• 2019

Recently, as the types of services that can be enjoyed in mobile telecommunication networks such as social networks and video streaming are increasing, mobile users(MUs) can access mobile contents easily by consuming mobile data. However, under a mobile telecommunication environment, MUs have to pay a high data fee to a network service provider(SP) in order to enjoy contents. The 'data sponsor' technique, introduced as a way to solve this problem, has attracted attention as a breakthrough method for enhancing contents accessibility of MUs. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that determines the optimal discount rate through the Stackelberg game in the data sponsor environment. We also propose an algorithm to design edge caching, which caches highly popular content for MUs on edge server, through many-to-many matching game. Simulation results clearly indicate that the profit for CP's content consumption is improved by about 6~11%, and the profit of CP according to the ratio of edge caching is improved by about 12% than the other existing schemes under data sponsor environment.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.413-420
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• 2005

Purpose: Neuroreceptor PET studies require 60-120 minutes to complete and head motion of the subject during the PET scan increases the uncertainty in measured activity. In this study, we investigated the effects of the data-driven head mutton correction on the evaluation of endogenous dopamine release (DAR) in the striatum during the motor task which might have caused significant head motion artifact. Materials and Methods: $[^{11}C]raclopride$ PET scans on 4 normal volunteers acquired with bolus plus constant infusion protocol were retrospectively analyzed. Following the 50 min resting period, the participants played a video game with a monetary reward for 40 min. Dynamic frames acquired during the equilibrium condition (pre-task: 30-50 min, task: 70-90 min, post-task: 110-120 min) were realigned to the first frame in pre-task condition. Intra-condition registrations between the frames were performed, and average image for each condition was created and registered to the pre-task image (inter-condition registration). Pre-task PET image was then co-registered to own MRI of each participant and transformation parameters were reapplied to the others. Volumes of interest (VOI) for dorsal putamen (PU) and caudate (CA), ventral striatum (VS), and cerebellum were defined on the MRI. Binding potential (BP) was measured and DAR was calculated as the percent change of BP during and after the task. SPM analyses on the BP parametric images were also performed to explore the regional difference in the effects of head motion on BP and DAR estimation. Results: Changes in position and orientation of the striatum during the PET scans were observed before the head motion correction. BP values at pre-task condition were not changed significantly after the intra-condition registration. However, the BP values during and after the task and DAR were significantly changed after the correction. SPM analysis also showed that the extent and significance of the BP differences were significantly changed by the head motion correction and such changes were prominent in periphery of the striatum. Conclusion: The results suggest that misalignment of MRI-based VOI and the striatum in PET images and incorrect DAR estimation due to the head motion during the PET activation study were significant, but could be remedied by the data-driven head motion correction.

• TTA Journal
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• s.40
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• pp.58-68
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• 1995

최근 정보 기술의 비약적인 발전으로 영상서비스에 일대 혁신이 일어나고 있으며, 급기야는 방송과 통신이 융합된 멀티미디어 서비스의 보급이 실체화되고, 그 일례로 일반 가입자에게 전화, TV 컴퓨터가 결합한 가정용 미래형 TV 모델을 보급시키기에 이르렀다. 이것은 디지털을 기본으로 한 TV위의 장치로 혹은 원거리 중앙에의 컴퓨터 처리에 의해 영화나 게임 등의 각종 비디오 정보를 수신할 수 있는 것으로 발전된 것이다. 그 결과 양방향 대화형 미디어가 등장하게 되었으며, 지금 세계 각국에서 추진하고 있는 ''정보 고속도로''와 함께 양방향 대화형 미디어 서비스 중에서 가장 먼저 구체화되고 있는 서비스가 바로 주문자 요구형 비디오, 즉 Video On Demand(VOD) 서비스이다. 본 논문에서는 먼저 VOD 서비스 시스팀의 개요 및 국내외 동향 등을 알아보았으며, 또한 VOD 시스팀 구성과 그에 따른 VOD시스팀의 구성 요소들에 대한 설계 및 동작들에 대하여 설명하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2013.07a
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• pp.375-378
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• 2013

인터넷 통신량의 대부분이 주문형 비디오(VOD) 서비스임은 이미 널리 알려진 바와 같다. VOD 사용자 인터페이스가 사용자의 손동작을 인식한다면 노인, 유아, 장애인 등 리모트컨트롤의 사용이 쉽지 않은 사용자들도 편리하게 VOD를 즐길 것이다. 게임 등에서는 이미 키넥트(KINECT)를 이용한 사용자 인터페이스가 널리 사용되고 있어, 본 논문은 키넥트를 이용한 VOD 사용자 인터페이스를 제안한다. 제안한 사용자 인터페이스는 키넥트에서 얻을 수 있는 손의 좌표와 깊이 정보 데이터를 이용하여, 사용자가 메뉴를 선택하는 것을 인식하고 사용자가 비디오를 선택하면 해당 동영상 콘텐츠를 재생하는 등의 적절한 동작을 한다. 동영상 콘텐츠는 네트워크 상에서 멀티미디어 데이터 스트리밍 방법에 대한 표준안인 RTSP(Real-time Streaming Protocol)로 전송하여 실시간으로 동영상을 재생한다.