• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.281-285
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of oviposition and the effect of density suppression by yellow-colored sticky trap on Ricania shantungensis in blueberry. The occurrence of an egg mass of R. shantungensis in the upper, middle and lower region were 56.6~60.2%, 23.8~28.1% and 11.7~19.7%, respectively. The number of egg masses in the branch was investigated. Percentage of the branch with one egg mass was greatest (50.9%) than with two (20.5%), three (14.6%) and over four (14.0%). The effect of yellow-colored sticky trap to reduce the number of R. shantungensis egg masses in blueberry was also investigated. In a month after yellow sticky trap installation, 17.1 adults of R. shantungensis were attracted per trap. Moreover, the number of egg masses on a tree in yellow-colored sticky trap plot was much lower (0.4) than control (1.3). Consequently, this result shows that use of yellow-colored sticky trap may contribute to decrease ovipisotion rate of R. shantungensis in blueberry.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2006

To optimize tissue culture responses for genetic transformation of Kentucky bluegrass, the effects of culture medium supplements on tissue culture responses were investigated with mature seeds of a cultivar 'Newport' as explant tissues. The optimal concentration of 2,4-D (2.4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid) for the induction of embryogenic callus from mature seed was 3 mg/L. Plant regeneration frequency was 54% when embryogenic callus was cultured on the regeneration medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-D and 3 mg/L of BA (6-benzyladenine). Addition of 1 g/L of casein hydrolysate and 500 mg/L of L-proline improved frequencies of embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration up to 60.8% and 58.3%, respectively. Regenerated plants were grown normally when shoots transplanted to the soil. A rapid and efficient plant regeneration system established in this study. We suggest that the results may be useful for molecular breeding of Kentucky bluegrass through genetic transformation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.900-906
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• 2008

It was studied to utilize wasted food as a starting material to produce for activated carbon. The wasted food was chemically activated with zinc chloride. Experiments were carried out at different chemical ratios(activating agent/wasted foods), activation temperatures, and activation time. The activated products were characterized by measuring the iodine and methylene blue number, the BET surface area, the pore volume, the micropore ratio, the pore diameter, the yields and the scanning electron microscope(SEM). For the products activated by impregnation ratio of 1.0 of ZnCl$_2$ at 500$^{\circ}C$ for 60 min in a rotary kiln reactor had iodine number of 480 mg/g, methylene blue number of 95 mL/g, BET surface area of 410 m$^2$/g, pore volume of 0.248 cm$^3$/g, and average pore diameter of 2.43 nm, respectively. The activated carbon obtained had the contribution of micropore area of 70.7% to the total pore area and micropore volume of 53.2% to the total pore volume.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.71-77
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• 2018

Detection of bloodstains is a very important process in scientific investigations, and luminol is often used for the detection of bloodstains that are not visible. Recently, new preparation methods of blood detection reagents based on luminol (BloodFlareA, B) were developed and reported to have higher active persistence and to be more economical than conventional blood detection reagent, BlueStar forensic. In this paper, we tested the specificity and effect of the BloodFlares (A and B) on DNA and compared them with those of BlueStar forensic. False positive results for the BloodFlares were not observed in semen, saliva, vaginal fluids, urine, sweat, and nasal discharge, but were observed in $CuSO_4$, $FeSO_4$, and bleach solutions, and the observed patterns were similar to those of BlueStar forensic. The effect on DNA was determined by analyzing the DNA yield, degradation index, and DNA profiling. Based on these results, we concluded that the BloodFlares based on luminol do not affect DNA stability and are applicable in forensics.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.167-172
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to develop an effective production system of blueberry plants by using tissue culture technique. Murashige and skoog medium (MS) and woody plant medium (WPM) were compared for shoot formation of highbush blueberries. Also medium supplemented with zeatin/2-isopentenyl adenine (2iP)/benzyl aminopurine (BA) (1, 2/10, 15/4, $6mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$)and zeatin/2iP/BA (0.5/10, 15/$0.05mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) as plant growth regulators to determine the effect of shoot formation and shoot proliferation, respectively. The shoot explants cultured on WPM showed higher shoot formation rates, more number of nodes, and longer root length than those on MS medium during the primary culture. Shoots were not formed when the explants were cultured on the medium without plant growth regulators or on only BA. The shoot explants cultured on the medium supplemented with 2iP showed low rates of shoot formation. On the other hand, zeatin was the most effective for shoot formation and growth of the explants. Also influence of different cytokinins (zeatin, 2iP) on the shoot proliferation of subcultured shoot explants was studied. There was no significant difference among the different concentrations of zeatin in the rate of shoot formation and number of shoots. However at higher concentration of zeatin, number of nodes was increased, and shoot length was shorted. The proper concentrations of zeatin for shoot propagation in subculture were found to be $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and $1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 2007

Incorporating herbicides application into a fertilization program has several benefits including saving time and reducing traffics on the lawn. Premixed products of fertilizers and herbicides are commonly known as Weed & Feed in the lawn-care industry. To compare Weed & Feed with separate applications of fertilizers and herbicides on a Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) lawn, a Weed & Feed 28-3-3, containing 0.64% 2,4-D, 0.31% MCPP, and 0.03% dicamba of active ingredients, was used in this study. The first application was in May, with the second in June or Sept. Herbicides in forms of 2,4-D (LV-4, 4EC), MCPP (4EC), and dicamba (Clarity, 4EC) were applied at rates equal to the amounts in Weed & Feed or at half of the rates. The dominant weed in both locations was common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber.) in 2005 and 2004. A secondary weed was Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.) in 2004 and broadleaf plantain (Plantago major L.) in 2005. When applied in May and June, fertilizer plus full rate of herbicides treatment achieved 112.3 and 83.7 days of acceptable turf quality in 2004 and 2005, respectively. During the same period, Weed & Feed resulted in 58.7 and 24.3 days of acceptable turf quality, respectively. Our study showed that Weed & Feed was generally as effective in weed control as the same amount of fertilizer plus half rates of herbicides sprayed although results may vary due to the timing of application. Fertilizer plus full rates of herbicides provided the same or better results of weed control than Weed & Feed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.817-822
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• 2008

In this study, the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in TiO$_2$ particles-dispersed water solution was carried out by irradiating microwave and UV light simultaneously. A microwave-discharged electrodeless UV lamp was developed to use microwave and UV simultaneously for photocatalytic reactions. The results of photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue showed that the decomposition rate increased with the microwave intensity, the circulating fluid velocity, and the amount of TiO$_2$ particles and auxiliary oxidizing agents added. Especially, the rate constant of H$_2$O$_2$-added photocatalytic reaction increased about three times from 0.0075 min$^{-1}$ to 0.0250 min$^{-1}$ when microwave was additionally irradiated. This study demonstrates that the microwave irradiation can play a very important role in photocatalytic degradation using peroxides although it is not easy to quantitatively assess the effect of microwave on photocatalytic reactions from the experimental data of this study.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.278-286
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• 2012

This study was examined for information of management of bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus which is disturbance species of underwater ecosystem in Korea. Research of bluegill population was investigated spring-summer and autumn periods in the Han river system from 2009 to 2012. Bluegill inhabited mostly lakes, and restrictedly lived at still area in downstream. The range of relative abundance were 0.2~18.2% in individual number and 0.2~40.0% in biomass and it was subdominant or superiority species for the most part of the lakes. Population structure were analyzed r-strategy in Lake Soyang and Paldang and K-strategy in Lake Uiam and Cheongpyeong. But Lake Chungju was estimated transition period from K-strategy to r-strategy. Condition factor and body weight-total length relations were presented favorable condition. For the nesting, bluegill was formatted the group. And the water depth and the distance from shore were mean 56.3 cm and 191.9 cm respectively in nesting ground. Diameter and depth of nests were mean 42.4 cm and 9.7 cm respectively. These results are available for research of population dynamics and reproductive ecology of bluegill.

• Clean Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2020

Ti-SBA-15 catalysts doped with lanthanide ions (Ln/Ti-SBA-15) were successfully synthesized using conventional hydrothermal method. In addition, they were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, DRS, BET, and PL. The activity of these materials on the photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue under ultraviolet light irradiation was also examined. Ti-SBA-15 catalysts doped with various lanthanide ions maintained their mesoporous structure. The pore size and pore volume of Ln/Ti-SBA-15 materials decreased but their surface area increased upon the doping of lanthanide ion. Ln/Ti-SBA-15 materials exhibited the type IV nitrogen isotherm with desorption hysteresis loop type H2, which was characteristic of mesoporous materials. The size of hysteresis increased in the doping of lanthanide ions on Ti-SBA-15 material. There was no absorption in the visible region (> 400 nm) regardless of the doping of lanthanide ions to TiO₂ particles, while the broad bands at 220 nm appeared at the Ln/Ti-SBA-15 samples, indicating the framework incorporation of titanium into SBA-15. 1 mol% Pr/ Ti-SBA-15 catalysts showed the highest photocatalytic activity on the decomposition of methylene blue but the Ti-SBA-15 catalysts doped with Eu, Er, and Nd ions showed lower activity compared to pure Ti-SBA-15 catalyst. The PL peaks appeared at about 410 nm at all catalysts while the excitonic PL signal was proportional to the photocatalytic activity for the decomposition of methylene blue.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2009

This study was carried out to examine the growth performance of 4 species of cool-season grasses and 4 species of zoysiagrasses under salt injury in Seo-san reclaimed area. Grasses were grown on the plots with capillary water interruption layer (WCWIL) and without capillary water interruption layer (WOCWIL) soil systems. Cool-season grass and seeding-type zoysiagrass plots were seeded on 6 Jun, 2006. Vegetative zoysiagrass 'Junggi' was established by sprigging and 'Senock' and 'Millock' were plugged. Electric conductivities of irrigation water (ECw) ranged from 0.28 to $3.3\;dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Electric conductivities (ECe) of the soil with capillary water interruption layer and without capillary water interruption layer ranged from 0.55 to $9.4\;dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ and from 1.84 to $9.4\;dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ respectively. Leaf color, turf quality, coverage rates, and growth rates were rated visually for 2 years. Zoysiagrass 'Junggi', creeping bentgrass, zoysiagrass 'Senock' and 'Millock' showed acceptable growth at salty fairway condition, while Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, Kentucky bluegrass mixed with perennial ryegrass, and seeded zoysiagrass 'Zenith' showed establishment rates below 70%. These results will be useful when choosing turf grass species and cultivars for the golf courses in reclaimed land area.