• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.451-460
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• 2007

This study was carried out to construct the data base for biodiversity conservation, and offer the raw data for obtaining the genetic resources. The vascular plants were summarized as 306 taxa; 79 families, 199 genera, 266 species, 35 varieties and 5 forma. The Korean endemic plants were 7 taxa; Salix caprea, S. purpurea var. japonica, Deuitzia coreana, Akebia quinata var. plyphylla, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpiciflora, Lonicera subsessilis and Weigela subsessilis. The naturalized plants were 16 taxa; Dactylis glomerata, Rumex acetocella, R. crispus, Phytolacca esculenta, Tlaspi arvense, Robinia pseudo-acacia, Trifolium repens, Ailanthus altissima, Oenothera lamarckiana, Veronica persica, Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior, Erigeron annuus, Erigeron canadensis, Bidens frondosa, Taraxacum officinale and Sonchus asper. The specific plants by floristic region were 26 taxa; Chloranthus japonica, Populus davidiana, and so forth.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 1999

This study was carried out to clarify the syntaxonomy of the pine forest in Youngdong region by the phytosociological methods. As a result of the investigation of 62 quadrats, Pinus densiflora forest was classified into four subassociations: Typical subassociation, Quercus mongolica subassociation, Rhododendron mucronulatum subassociation, Rhus chinensis subassociation. Many differences in ecological characteristics such as species composition, stratum structure, vegetation coverage and of diameter at breast height(DBH) of class distribution were found among the communities. Soil properties of the pine forest on the study area was relatively poor compared with other pine forests, especially, soil pH was strongly acidic with 4.87. Soil conditions among the subassociations appeared different. Future succession of pine forest by the similarity index of communities was proposed. Estimated degree of green naturality for Typical subassociation and Q. mongolica subassociation correspond to 7th grade, and R. mucronulatum subassociation, 8-1st grade, and R. chinensis subassociation, 8-2nd grade.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.1491-1496
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• 2008

Twenty natural plants from Jeju were extracted by pressurized organic solvent (100% methanol, $40^{\circ}C$, 13.6 MPa, 10 min). Extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC) and integral antioxidant capacity were measured, and each component was identified by GC/MS. Extraction yields were high as 21.8%, 21.5, 21.1, 20.7 and 20.1% in Rhus javanica, Euscaphis japonica, Alnus firma, Sapium japonicum and Sorbus alnifolia, respectively. The extracts containing high TPC (mg GAE/g of dry sample) were obtained from Malus sieboldii (68.3), Sapium japonicum (57.6), Pyrrosia lingua (56.6) and Euscaphis japonica (55.1). Integral antioxidant capacities of water-soluble substances were 598, 394, 293 and $270\;{\mu}mol$ ascorbic acid equivalent/g in Geranium thunbergii, Sapium japonicum, Cornus kousa and Rhus javanica, respectively. Integral antioxidant capacities of lipidsoluble substances were 611, 314, 296 and $242\;{\mu}mol$ trolox equivalent/g in Ardisia crenata, Ostrya japonica, Geranium thunbergii and Quercus acuta, respectively. Fifteen major peaks were identified by GC/MS from the extract of pressurized organic solvent from Sapium japonicum. Two polyphenols (gallic acid (retention time (RT) 19.7 min)) and quercetin (33.5 min)), ascorbic acid (RT 35.3 min), and several fatty acids (retention time 18.6, 21.0, 21.8, 21.9 and 23.6 min) were identified, and gallic acid was the major polyphenol component due to high peak area.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.287-294
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• 1999

During the period from April to October, 1998 the authors investigated the gall development process of Chinese gallnuts (Schelchtendalia chinensis) on sumac (Rhus javanica) at Mt. Goduk near Chonju city in Chonbuk province. The majority (56.8%) of chinese gallnuts were formed on first pinnates and 24.3% on second pinnates of sumac leaves. Galls began to form from the 1st of June and grew slowly until the 24th of June. Galls enlarged rapidly after the 1st of August, but their growth rates decreased after the 26th of August and stopped growing after the 8th of September. Alate viviparous females escaped from galls after the 24th of September. Fundatricies, the second generation in the galls, exuviated three times to become adults on the 24th of June. Fundatrix adults bore 1∼10 eggs in the body and laid 1∼16 nymphs of the second generation. Nymphs of the second generation began to appear on the 17th of June and had matured completely on the 14th∼24th of July. Adults of the second generation bore eggs in the body. Thus the developmental period of the second generation was 27∼37 days. Nymphs of the third generation appeared on the 14th of July and finally alate viviparous females were developed on the 24th of September. During the two months from the beginning of the third generation to the appearence of the final alate viviparous females, there should be at least two generations, that is, the third and fourth generations. The fourth generation seems to begin at about the 20th August because the number of inhabitants (2,859 individuals) in galls on the 26 th of August had increased more than 10 times those (263 individuals) on the 19 th of August. The tannin content of galls was 65.04∼68.23% while that of sumac leaves and stems was 11.56%, 3.49% respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.677-682
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• 1993

Hexane(Hx), ethyl acetate(EtoAc) methanol(MeOH) and 99% ethanol(EtOH) extract of Rhus javanicus Lines with synergists e.g. ascorbic acid(AA), citric acid(CA) and ${\delta}-tocopherol$(TO) were tested their antioxidative effect on palm oil and lard by Rancimat. The methanol showed the highest extraction yield as 14.53%(w/w). When each 600 ppm of Hx, EtOAc, MeOH and EtOH extract with 200 ppm of AA was added to palm oil, the antioxidative index(AI: induction time of oil containing of each extract/induction time of test oil) were 1.83, 2.25, 2.81 and 2.85 respectively which were higher than other treatments and 600 ppm of each extract with 200 ppm of TO to lard, the AI were 3.64, 7.83, 7.34 and 9.30 respectively. Each solvent fractionate of EtOH and EtOAc extracts resulted no higher antioxidative effect than crude whole extract. Palm oil and lard containing 600 ppm of methanol extract were very stable comparing with the control by POV and TBA at oven test($60^{\circ}C$).

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2000

This study was carried out to examine the process of plant succession through vegetation invasion and to select appropriate endemic plant species for rapid stabilization and good visual effect on cut-slopes of forest roads. Establishing total of sixty $1m{\times}1m$ sample plots. fifteen for each forest road constructed in the year of '93 (six-year-old), '95(four-year-old), '97(two-year-old), and '98(one-year-old), the ecological attributes of invading vegetation on cut-slopes were analyzed. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The rate of vegetation coverage was highly associated with soil hardness and aspect of cut-slope. Higher rate of vegetation coverage was caused by larger number of invading plant species. 2. The dominant woody species were Rubus crataegifolius, Rhus chinensis, Lespedeza bicolor, Salix hulteni, Alnus hirsuta, and Pinus densiflora. The visual attractive for the fruit of Rubus crataegifolius and the autumn coloration of Rhus chinensis was noteworthy. The dominant herbaceous species were Youngia sonchifolia, Spodiopogon sibiricus, and Lysimachia clethroides in all study forest roads. Spring flower of Potentilla freyniana and Viola rossii: summer flower of Lysimachia clethroides, Commelina communis, Glycine soja. Persicaria sieboldi, and Oenothera odorata: and autumn flower of Artemisia stolonifera and Impatiens textori were abundant and remarkable. 3. The diversity index of woody species tended to be increased as years passed after construction, and that of herbaceous species were decreased. 4. The dominance of Th of dormancy form was early high in the first year of construction, getting decreased thereafter. And that of MM + M + N was increased as years passed after construction. but that of Ch+H+G+Th+HH was decreased. 5. The degrees of succession were estimated by 359, 111, 97, and 87 for the construction year of '93, '95, '97, and '98. respectively, increased as years passed after construction.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.200-208
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• 2007

Fifty-four natural plants from Jeju Island, Korea were extracted by 70% methanol. The extracts containing the highest total phenolic contents (TPC) (>250 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry sample) were obtained from Ostrya japonica, Geranium thunbergii, Malus sieboldii, Ardisia japonica, and Agrimonia pilosa. DPPH inhibition activity was greatest in Ardisia crenata at 94.1%. A high correlation was observed between DPPH inhibition activity and TPC ($R^2=0.87$). Tyrosinase inhibition activities of more than 85% were obtained from the extracts of Persicaria filiformis, Rhus javanica, Alnus firma, and Myrica rubra. On the other hand, the P. filiformis and M. rubra extracts each showed more than 90% XOD inhibition activity. The five natural plants with the highest biological activities were also extracted by pressurized liquid (PLE, 100% methanol, 13.6 MPa, $40^{\circ}C$). The DPPH and tyrosinase inhibition activities were almost the same in both the 70% methanol and PLE extracts. The $IC_{50}$ for tyrosinase and elastase inhibition activities in PLE were 802 and 88 ppm in A. japonica, and 959 and 66 ppm in M. rubra, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.3 s.86
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• pp.342-353
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• 1998

This paper is a contribution towards taxonomic studies on Cercospora and allied genera, and contains ten species of Korean cercosporoid fungi; viz. Cercospora beticola, C. lactucae-sativae, C. lycii, Distocercospora pachyderma, Mycovellosiella passaloroides, Passalora dubia, P. sojina, Phaeoisariopsis griseola, Pseudocercospora atromarginalis, and P. rhoina. Morphological characteristics of taxonomic value are described and drawn for these species to contribute towards a mycological monograph of Korean cercosporoid fungi.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.358-361
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• 1998

This study was carried out to develop a short term hardening method of tree seedlings of Rhus chinensis Mill., Evodia daniellii Hemsley and Parthenocissus tricuspidata(Sieb. et Zucc.) Planck for afforestation on a concave and a crack of cut-rock slope. The seedlings were grown in a cylinder shaped pot made of polyvinyl net with the soil media of peatmoss, vermiculite, clay, compost, fertilizer, and absorbant(40:25:19:15:1:0.1, v:v). They were cultivated in a greenhouse for four months and in field condition for two months. During the last three months of the growing period the seedlings were hardened by periodic desiccation and irrigation in 4 to 10 days interval. The hardened seedlings showed lower leaf water potential, higher leaf osmotic pressure, and lower T/R ratio than those before the hardening. The hardened seedlings survived well on the soil medium in the concave of cut-rock slope.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.509-513
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• 2004

Inhibitory activities of 58 methanol extracts, which were prepared from different parts of 55 kinds of edible and medicinal plants, against human thrombin were evaluated. Analysis of the anti-coagulation activity determined by thrombin time enabled us to select 8 herb extracts as possible sources of anti-thrombosis agent. Further analysis of anti-thrombosis activity determined by activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrinolytic activity, and heat stability and inhibition against other proteolytic digestive enzymes provided new information that Pimpinella brachycarpa, Lysimachia clethroides, and Salix gracilistyla could be used as a potential anti-thrombosis agent. Our results suggest that edible and medicinal plants could be the potential source of thrombin inhibitor.