• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.543-551
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the types of middle school students’ responses to dinosaur extinction inconsistent with the students’ previous conceptions. The types of texts about ‘the cause of dinosaur extinction’ were developed; one that was based on students’ previous ideas, while the other was based on conflicting materials. The students’ responses to the conflict materials were classified into six types: rejection, reinterpretation, uncertainty, belief decrease, partial theory change, and conceptual change. These results show that the use of conflict materials does not always promote conceptual change. Therefore, teachers will be able to help students change their conceptions in science classrooms by understanding students’ various responses to conflict materials and designing instructional strategy concretely.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.593-599
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• 2011

With increasing user applicability of geospatial data, user demand for manifold and accurate information has increased. The usefulness of these services derives from their combination of the advantages of as-built geospatial data in making new content. There is a spatial inconsistency and shape disagreement in fusing heterogeneous data. Conflation, defined as the combining of information from diverse sources so as to reconcile spatial inconsistencies and shape disagreement, is possible solution to the problem. In this research, we developed the technique for removing shape disagreement between aerial image and road map removed spatial inconsistency in advanced research. The process includes four processes: producing of a road candidate image, extraction of vertices, and generation of a graph by connecting the vertices. We could remove the shape disagreement using the extracted road that was derived from finding the road possible path.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2014

The object of study is to verify the accuracy of internet survey by comparing database data and internet survey. Internet survey was conducted on August, 2012. Respondents were subscribers of KISTI NDSL. Variables were age, organization as demographic variables, number of use, and period of use as attitude variables. Mismatch rates of age, organization, number of use, and period, are 7.5%, 5%, 92%, and 55% respectively. We could estimate the mismatch rate for age as 3% as a pessimistic point of view, and 1% as an optimistic point of view by detail verification. The mismatch rates of organization are 4.5% as a pessimistic point of view, and 2% as an optimistic point of view. The mismatch rates for the frequency of use, the period of use are very high, because measurement error, problems in memory, and internet attitude, etc. Implication of this study is that data of internet survey could be reliable. Many further researches are needed for verification of internet survey.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.533-540
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to use the data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service to analyze the disagreement in disease coding given by different medical institutions on the same disease of the same patient and provide basic data that could help improve the quality of national public health statistics. 9,976,826 patients' data records from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Sample (HIRA-NPS) of 2014 were analyzed. The disagreement in disease coding differed by movement paths for medical institutions; the disagreement rate tended to increase when moving from a medical institution other than public health centers to a public health center and decrease remarkably when moving from a specialized general hospital to another. Therefore, this analysis of disagreement in disease coding among medical institutions suggests the need to supplement the system so that domestic medical institutions can realize consistent disease coding.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.163-178
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• 2015

This study purported to test the independent impacts of positive and negative attributes of disconfirmation on satisfaction and loyalty of university students. The study utilized the nation-wide survey data previously collected from 1,400 students distributed across 32 universities in Korea. Using SPSS 22.0, the study adopted a 'Simple Regression Analysis' in order to calculate the causal coefficients among positive and negative attributes of confirmation, satisfaction, and loyalty. The study results showed that while positive disconfirmation had a positive impact(${\beta}=.188$) on satisfaction, but not on loyalty, negative disconfirmation had negative impacts on satisfaction(${\beta}=-.326$) and loyalty(${\beta}=-.105$). Based on the study results this study suggests that universities should implement differential strategies to increase students' satisfaction and loyalty. The results also showed that negative disconfirmation had 2~7 times greater impacts on satisfaction and loyalty than the impacts positive confirmation had. Supporting the 'asymmetric relations' of positive and negative disconfirmation, the study suggests that universities should pay special attention to students' complaints.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.143-153
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• 2009

Using a discrete wavenumber method, we examine the effects on Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) logs when a mismatch exists between the amplitudes or generating times of the signals from individual monopoles in a LWD multipole source. An amplitude-mismatched LWD dipole/quadrupole source produces non-dipole/non-quadrupole modes as well as flexural and screw modes. The strongest of non-dipole/non-quadrupole modes is the Stoneley mode, whose amplitude increases with increasing mismatch. However, we can recover the flexural mode signals by A-C processing, and the screw mode by A-B+C-D processing, respectively. The Stoneley mode, which has the same amplitude at the same radial distance from the borehole axis, is cancelled out by A-C and A-B+C-D processing as long as the tool is placed at the centre of the borehole. The responses from a time-mismatched LWD multipole source look like the summation of responses by two or four monopole sources off the borehole axis. However, we can avoid the misinterpretation of the formation velocities by referring to the computed dispersion curves, which are independent of the arrival times of the modes, on the frequency semblance plot.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.891-909
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• 2017

This study analyzed some of the discrepancies in quantitative and qualitative data focusing on cognitive and affective achievement in science education. Academic and affective achievement score of 308 high school students were collected as quantitative data, and 33 students were interviewed for qualitative data. We examined the causes and types of discrepancies in terms of testing tools. As a result from quantitative data, there were a large number of students with a big difference between subjects in cognitive achievement, and constructs in affective achievement. More than 20% of the students did not match tendency between achievements in two areas. Through interviews, some examples such as intentional control of science learning for future study and careers, different responses by differences in perception between school science and science, appeared. A comparison of quantitative data by testing tool between qualitative ones and interviews showed conflicting result, where most students evaluated themselves differently from their own quantitative data. That is due to the students' interaction with the testing tools. Two types of discrepancy related to testing tool are found. One is 'the concept difference between the item developer and students,' the other is 'the difference between students' exposed response and their real mindset.' These are related to the ambiguity of the terms used in the tool and response bias due to various causes. Based on this study, an effort is required to elaborate the testing item that matches students' actual perception and to apply students' science learning experience to testing items.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.378-382
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• 2007

본 연구는 교각의 국부 세굴심 추정 공식들의 정확성과 적용성을 분석하고, 현장 상황에 적합한 공식을 선정하기 위한 연구이다. 이를 위해 비교적 널리 알려진 26개의 세굴심 추정 공식들을 선정하였다. 이들 선정된 공식들을 미 지질조사국에서 작성한 교각 세굴 데이터베이스(BSDMS)에 수록된 493개 교각 세굴 측정값들 중에 246개의 측정값들에 적용하여 각 공식들의 우열을 검토하였다. 각 공식들을 이용하여 계산한 세굴심과 측정 세굴심을 비교하여 각 자료별 불일치율을 계산하였다. 계산된 불일치율을 통계 처리하여 불일치율의 기하 평균과 기하 표준편차를 구하여, 각 공식의 우수성과 적용성을 검토하였다. 또한, 각 공식들을 구성하는 주요 변수들을 분석하고, 각 변수의 변화에 따라 세굴심 추정치가 어떻게 변화하는가를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 모든 공식들의 불일치율의 기하 평균이 1보다 상당히 큰 것을 보여주고 있다. 즉, 모든 공식들이 실측치보다 세굴심을 과대 추정한다는 의미이다. 정확성의 면에서 보면 불일치율의 기하 평균이 1에 가깝고 기하 표준편차가 작은 공식들이 우수한 공식들이다. 이런 점에서 CSU (HEC-18) 공식, Chitale 공식과 Larras 공식, Hancu 공식 등이 차례로 우수한 공식으로 들 수 있다. 연구 결과는 또한 기존의 여러 연구에서 좋은 결과를 보인 Froeclich 공식이 세굴심을 대체적으로 과소 추정하는 경향이 있음을 보여 주었다.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.67-82
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• 2016

This study aims to test the spatial mismatch hypothesis by exploring the relationship between income and commuting time in Seoul, Korea. For this purpose, we analyze the commuting times of individuals who commute to Seoul, using the data for the metropolitan household survey. We employed a hierarchial linear model(HLM) to capture the effects of both individual attributes and regional attributes, and their interactions. The results show that the commuting time decreases with household income controlling for the regional attributes, and the effect of income increases with the housing price of the location of a commuter's firm. This implies that the spatial mismatch holds for Seoul as follows: Lower personal income and housing affordablility extend individuals' commuting times, and the destinations' characteristics such as housing type and land use also have impacts on commuting time. These results have some policy implications for achieving social equity in terms of spatial structure of the city.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.213-219
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• 2005

The specifications which are drawn up when developing a software cannot achieve continuous automation because of individual qualities of them, and many inconsistent elements can be discovered even from software audit. In this paper, we establish the standards for the classification of inconsistent items by analysing audit related data in order to maintain the consistency among specifications drawn up in the phases of analysis and design. We propose the specification inconsistent item detection method. This can reduce the error of the specification which is drawn up from analysis and design phase with it will be able to improve the quality of the software which is a last product. It can improve the quality of the software which is a last product, by reducing the error of the specification which is drawn up from analysis and design phase.