• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.524-530
• /
• 2010

Chloramphenicol is one of the most effective antibiotics for treatment of food-producing animals for typhoid fever. However, it has been reported that it caused severe side effects such as aplastic anemia in human, therefore the use of chloramphenicol for food-producing animal is prohibited by European Union and other countries. In this study, the analytical method using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (ID-LC/MS) was established for accurate determination of chloramphenicol in meat. Chloramphenicol was extracted with ethylacetate from porcine and solid phase extraction cartridge was used for enhancing the recovery. The residue of chloramphenicol in porcine was analyzed using the liquid chromatography mass spectrometer (LC/MS) interfaced with electrospray ionization source. Analysis was performed in negative mode with selected reaction mornitoring mode at m/z 321${\rightarrow}$257 of $[M-H]^-$ ${\rightarrow}$ $[M-H-(HCOCl)]^-$ and m/z 326 ${\rightarrow}$ 262 channels for its isotope. The established method was tested using fortified samples at the level of 0.2 1, 10, $25\;{\mu}g$/kg and analytical results agreed with the gravimetrically fortified values within their uncertainties. This method was validated by analyzing a certified reference material, BCR 445, from IRMM (Institute for Reference Materials and Measurement). Our measurement values agreed with the certified value within their uncertainties. The uncertainty of our measured value was much lower than that the certified value from IRMM.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.832-838
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a fresh chlorella powder on yield, quality and self-life of organic soybean tofu. After added with a fresh chlorella powder, yields, physical properties, color, shelf-life and sensory properties of the organic soybean tofu added with chlorella powder was compared to the properties of soybean tofu. The yield of soybean tofu increased with the addition of more than 1% chlorella powder. Hardness of the organic soybean tofu with chlorella significantly increased compared to that of the soybean tofu. However, Hunter's color values of L, a, and b decreased by increases in the chlorella powder concentration. Total microbial population of the soybean tofu was higher than that of the organic soybean tofu with chlorella. However, pH of chlorella tofu decreased during storage period at $4^{\circ}C$. After 7 days storage at $4^{\circ}C$, the total microbial population decreased significantly with the addition of 2% chlorella powder. The L and a value of chlorella tofu was increased. On the other hand, the b value of chlorella tofu was decreased during storage. The results revealed that a fresh chlorella powder was a useful material to improve yield, quality and storage condition of the organic soybean tofu.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.17-21
• /
• 1985

In order to shorten the time of germination and emergence of red pepper seeds of cv. Serona and cv. King were soaked at 20, 25, and 30% PEG solutions for 6 and 12 days and effects of osmotic treatments with PEG were determined. 1. Osmotic treatments with 20 and 25% PEG for 12 days were proven effective in reducing germination time of cv. Serona and cv. King. Final germination percentages were not significantly different among PEG treatments. 2. Osmotic treatment with 25% PEG for 12 days showed effective in reducing the time between sowing and emergence of red pepper and shortened 4 and 5 days for emergence of cv. King and cv. Serona, respectively. 3. It is anticipated that germination and emergence of red pepper can be greatly hastened under unfavorable low temperature condition by osmotic treatment with 20 and 25% PEG for 6 and 12 days.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
• /
• 1992.10a
• /
• pp.3-3
• /
• 1992

타이어 Curing공정은 공기압 타이어의 제조시 상당히 정교한 단계를 거쳐서 이루어지며, 이는 타이어 설계에 큰 영향을 줄 뿐만아니라, 타이어의 성능에도 관건이 있다. 본 연구에서는 유한요소법을 이용하여 타이어의 molding 공정을 분석하였다. 유한요소해석 프로그램인 MARC가 Cured 타이어 내부의 Curing Bladder 팽창과정해석에 이용되었다. 비압축성 요소로 Curing Bladder를 모형화하였으며, MARC의 접촉문제해석기법(contact option)을 이용하여 Cured 타이어 내부와 Curing Bladder 외부의 접촉부위를 Simulation하였다. 본 연구의 주요 관심내용으로서는 Curing Bladder의 형상변화에 따른 Curing Bladder의 팽창거동해석과, Cured타이어와 Curing Bladder의 접촉부위에서 얻을 수 있는 접촉압력의 비교.검토이다. 타이어 Curing시 타이어와 Bladder의 Contact과정을 해석하여, 아래와 같은 결과를 도출하였다. Bladder의 형상은 Cylinderical 형상 보다는 Toroidal 형태가 접촉압 분포의 균일성 및 크기 측면에 서 우수한 것으로 판단된다. Curing Bladder의 증심선 부위 보다 이에서 약간 떨어진 부위에서 최대 접촉압력이 발생되며, 이는 타이어 내면의 굴곡현상과 깊은 관련이 있윰 것으로 사료된다. 타이어 Bead부의 Carcass 자연평형현상이 유지된 제품을 얻기위해서는, Side-Bead구간의 접촉압력 증가가 필요하며, 이를 위하여는 Bladder 형상이 Cylinderical 보다는 Toroidal 형태가 유리하고, Bead부의 Gage Down, 전체직경의 증가 및 높이의 증가가 유리한 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구 결과를 이용하여, 타이어 Curing과정에서 발생되는 불량제품의 원인파악 및 타이어 설계자가 원하는 제품생산의 불가능한 원인을 파악하는데 도움을 줄 것이다.를 C의 structure와 pointer를 기반으로 하게끔 변경시키고 이에 따르는 제반 변경 사항을 수정 보완하여 프로그램의 분석을 용이하게 하며 기능의 변경 및 추가가 수월하게 하였고 메모리를 동적으로 관리할 수 있게 하였다. 또한 기존의 smpl에 디버깅용 함수 및 설비(facility) 제어용 함수를 추가하여 시뮬레이션 프로그램 작성을 용이하게 하였다. 예를 들면 who_server(), who_queue(), pop_Q(), push_Q(), pop_server(), push_server(), we(), wf(), printfct() 같은 함수들이다. 또한 동시에 발생되는 사건들의 순서를 조종하기 위해, 동시에 발생할 수 있는 각각의 사건에 우선순위를 두어 이 우선 순위에 의하여 사건 리스트(event list)에서 자동적으로 사건들의 순서가 결정되도록 확장하였으며, 설비 제어방식에 있어서도 FIFO, LIFO, 우선 순위 방식등을 선택할 수 있도록 확장하였다. SIMPLE는 자료구조 및 프로그램이 공개되어 있으므로 프로그래머가 원하는 기능을 쉽게 추가할 수 있는 장점도 있다. 아울러 SMPLE에서 새로이 추가된 자료구조와 함수 및 설비제어 방식등을 활용하여 실제 중형급 시스템에 대한 시뮬레이션 구현과 시스템 분석의 예를 보인다._3$", chain segment, with the activation energy of carriers from the shallow trap with 0.4[eV], in he amorphous regions.의 증발산율은 우기의 기상자료를 이용하여 구한 결과 0.05 - 0.10 mm/hr 의 범위로서 이로 인한 강우손실량은 큰 의미가 없음을 알았다.재발이 나타난 3례의 환자를 제외한 9례 (75%)에서는 현재까지 재발소견을 보이지 않고 있다. 이러한 결과는 다른 보고자들과 유사한 결과를 보이고 있지만 아직까지 증례가 많지 않기 때문에 생존율을 얻

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.122-128
• /
• 2005

Contamination levels of total aerobic bacteria, coliforms, Esherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Listeria monocytogenes of Kimbab and its main ingredients sampled from general and specialized restaurants were compared. Total aerobic bacteria and coliform counts of Kimbab samples from both restaurant types were not significantly different (p>0.05), showing approximately $4\;to\;6\;log_{10}CFU/g$. E. coli counts were significantly higher in kimbab from general restaurants ($65%:\;0.7-2.6\;log_{10}CFU/g$) than those from specialized ones ($8.33%:\;0.70log_{10}CFU/g$), whereas those of S. aureus and B. cereus were not significantly different (p>0.05). L. monocytogenes was not detected in all Kimbab samples. These results indicate hygiene of Kimbab and its main ingredients are deleterious. Contamination levels of pathogens determined in the present study may be used as primary data for microbial risk assessment.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.201-213
• /
• 2005

Objective : The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Bee-venom therapy for Cervical radiculopathy patients. Methods : To evaluate the effectiveness of Bee-venom therapy, 14 patients were treated by Bee-venom therapy. To estimate the efficacy of treatment, we used Quardruple Visual Analog Scale (QVAS), JOA score and Odom's degree. Results & Conclusions : 1. As a objectivity treatment record, they test treatment record excellent(7 case) 50%, good(4 case) 28.57%, fair(,3 case) 21.43%. 2. After Bee-venom therapy, pain rate changed from 8.82 to 3.25.(p=0.000) 3. After Bee-venom therapy, JOA score changed from 11.00 to 12.79.(p=0.000) 4. By the results which puts out the statistics in sex, age, existence of finger numbness and disc type, the pain rate is not significantly difference as a therapy. (p<0.05) 5. By the results which puts out the statistics in sex, age and disc type, the JOA score is not significantly difference as a therapy.(p<0.05) But by the results which puts out the statistics in existence of finger numbness the JOA score is significantly difference as a therapy.(p=.025) There was reports about Bee-venom therapy of the Patient with Cervical radiculopathy. It is very effective to reduce the pain and increase the JOA score.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.20-27
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The chemokine receptor CXCR4 has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in human cancer and has been shown to participate in cancer metastasis. We compared the expression of CXCR4 in conventional high-grade and low-grade central osteosarcomas, and determined if an association between CXCR4 expression and prognosis could be made. Materials and Methods: We performed the immunohistochemistry for CXCR4 in a total of 63 patients with osteosarcoma and determined the relationships according to the clinicopathologic variables and overall survival rates. Results: CXCR4 was detected in 76.3% of conventional high-grade osteosarcoma patients and in 36% of low-grade central osteosarcomas. Diffuse expression was noted in 47.4% of the high-grade osteosarcomas and all low-grade cases were focal positive. CXCR4 expression was significantly correlated with histologic grade (p<0.0001). While overall survival rate was reduced significantly with increased CXCR4 expression (p=0.0058), higher histologic grade (p<0.0001), and younger age (p=0.0140), survival rate did not correlate with gender, tumor size, or AJCC stage. Conclusion: Our results suggest that CXCR4 expression is associated with higher-grade tumors and with poor prognosis for osteosarcoma patients.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.420-429
• /
• 2002

The amount of $CO_2$-silicate bonded waste foundry sand(WFS) occurred in Korea is over 800,000 ton per year. WFS, as a by-product, is generated through manufacturing process of foundry may affect our environmental contamination, The reason is that WFS has been buried itself not less than 90％ out of total WFS. So, it can give damage on the ground of contamination in soil and underwater. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the method recycling WFS because of being intensified waste management law. In this study, we performed the research with respect to harmful component analysis, the qualities of WFS mortar and concrete mixed with WFS. As the results the specific gravity of WFS is the same as that of natural aggregate while unit weight and percentage of solids of WFS are smaller than those of it. But it is found that WFS can be used by substituting WFS for natural aggregate after control of poor grade of WFS. The flowability of mortar and concrete with WFS is inferior to those of natural aggregate, and the setting time of concrete with WFS is faster than that with only natural aggregate, On the contrary, the bleeding of concrete with WFS is shown good result, and compressive and tensile strength of concrete substituted WFS for 30％ are higher than those with only natural aggregate regardless of elapsed time.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2008.04a
• /
• pp.817-820
• /
• 2008

The river environments of many streams in korea have been deteriorate through the rapid industrialization and urbanization since the 1960s. In korea, on the other hand, much efforts on the research and project have been made for the restoration of the deteriorated streams to close-to-nature. in order to restore the deteriorated streams, therefore, it is necessary to investigate such advanced technologies and materials. In view of this requirement, various research paths are being taken focusing on coarse aggregates to make multi-functional porous concrete having continuous voids so as to improve water and air permeability, acoustic absorption, water purification and applicability to vegetation. The Purpose of this study is to investigate the method for recovery of the environment in the streams area using porous concrete retaining wall block. the multi-P.O.C block applies for test in the Jangduri-cheon have been monitored planting, stability etc. after 6 months, plant grows flourishing and reconstructed in state such as nature rivers.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2020

In this paper, we propose an image generator for OLED panel test that can compensate for color coordinates and luminance by using panel defect inspection and optical measurement while displaying images on OLED panel. The proposed image generator consists of two processes: the image generation process and the process of compensating color coordinates and luminance using optical measurement. In the image generating process, the panel is set to receive the panel information to drive the panel, and the image is output by adjusting the output setting of the image generator according to the panel information. The output form of the image is configured by digital RGB method. The pattern generation algorithm inside the image generator outputs color and gray image data by transmitting color data to a 24-bit data line based on a synchronization signal according to the resolution of the panel. The process of compensating color coordinates and luminance using optical measurement outputs an image to an OLED panel in an image generator, and compensates for a portion where color coordinates and luminance data measured by an optical module differ from reference data. To evaluate the accuracy of the image generator for the OLED panel test proposed in this paper, Xilinx's Spartan 6 series XC6SLX25-FG484 FPGA was used and the design tool was ISE 14.5. The output of the image generation process was confirmed that the target setting value and the simulation result value for the digital RGB output using the oscilloscope matched. Compensating the color coordinates and luminance using optical measurements showed accuracy within the error rate suggested by the panel manufacturer.