• Title/Summary/Keyword: 분해능 행렬

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Inversion of Resistivity Tomography Data Using EACB Approach (EACB법에 의한 전기비저항 토모그래피 자료의 역산)

  • Cho In-Ky;Kim Ki-Ju
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.129-136
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    • 2005
  • The damped least-squares inversion has become a most popular method in finding the solution in geophysical problems. Generally, the least-squares inversion is to minimize the object function which consists of data misfits and model constraints. Although both the data misfit and the model constraint take an important part in the least-squares inversion, most of the studies are concentrated on what kind of model constraint is imposed and how to select an optimum regularization parameter. Despite that each datum is recommended to be weighted according to its uncertainty or error in the data acquisition, the uncertainty is usually not available. Thus, the data weighting matrix is inevitably regarded as the identity matrix in the inversion. We present a new inversion scheme, in which the data weighting matrix is automatically obtained from the analysis of the data resolution matrix and its spread function. This approach, named 'extended active constraint balancing (EACB)', assigns a great weighting on the datum having a high resolution and vice versa. We demonstrate that by applying EACB to a two-dimensional resistivity tomography problem, the EACB approach helps to enhance both the resolution and the stability of the inversion process.

Resolution Enhancement of Spatial Spectrum by a virtually Expanded Array (가상확장 어레이를 이용한 공간스펙트럼의 분해능 향상)

  • 김영수;김영수
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.11 no.8
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    • pp.1414-1419
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    • 2000
  • In this paper, we propose a resolution enhancement method for estimating direction-of-arrival (DOA) of narrowband incoherent signals incident on a general array. The resolution of DOA algorithm is dependent on the aperture size of antenna array. But it is very impractical to increase the physical size of antenna array in real environment. Therefore we propose the method that increases the aperture size by virtually expanding the sensor spacing of original antenna array and then construct the steering matrix of the virtual array using the proper transformation matrix. Superior resolution capabilities achieved with this method are shown by simulation results in comparison with the standard MUSIC for incoherent signals incident on a uniform circular array.

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A Study on the Reliability Evaluation of the Cross-well Seismic Travel-time Tomography (시추공 탄성파 주시 토모그래피의 신뢰도 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Doo-Sung
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.330-335
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    • 2010
  • In order to estimate the confidence level of the velocity distribution shown in a velocity image reconstructed from a travel-time tomography, the ray coverage and the inversion characteristics of the system matrix were investigated. The targets of the analysis is the first arrival travel-time, the raypath information, and the resulting velocity model. The ray coverage, degree of ray and model coupling, was estimated by the number of rays and total ray length in a velocity grid, and information regarding the resolution and uncertainties involved in the reconstructed velocity model was derived from the results of the SVD analysis of the system matrix that relates the data space (first arrival travel times) to the model space (velocity distribution in tomogram).

MVDR Beamformer for High Frequency Resolution Using Subband Decomposition (부대역을 이용한 MVDR 빔형성기의 주파수 분해능 향상 기법)

  • 이장식;박도현;김정수;이균경
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.62-68
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    • 2002
  • It is well known that the MDVR beamforming outperforms the conventional delay-sum beamformer in the sense of noise rejection and bearing resolution. However, the MDVR method requires long observation time to achieve high frequency resolution. The STMV method uses the steered covariance matrix of sensor data, so it has an ability to form an adaptive weight vector from a single time-series snapshot. But it uses the same weight vector across all frequencies. In this paper, we propose an SSMV method. The basic idea of the SSMV method is to decompose a full frequency band into several subbands to acquire a weight vector for each subband, individually. Also the wrap may be divided into several subarrays in order to reduce a computational load and the bandwidth of each subband. Simulations using real sea trial data show that the proposed SSMV method has good performance with short observation time.

A Study on Signal Estimation of Modified Beamformer Method using Perturbation Covariance Matrix (섭동공분산행렬을 이용한 수정 빔형성기 방법의 신호 추정에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Kwan-Hyeong;Cho, Tae-Jun
    • The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.333-339
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    • 2017
  • Transmission signal in wireless environment receives a signal in which a source signal, interference, and noise are mixed. The goal of this study is to estimate the desired signal from the received signal. In this paper, we have studied a method correctly estimating a target in spatial by modified beamformer method. The modified bemaformer uses an adaptive array antenna and perturbation matrix to obtain the optimal weight, and estimate the desired signal by radiating the beam in spatial. We estimate a desired signal of the target by improving resolution with the modified beamformer method which does not have complicated calculation amount. Through simulation, we compare and analyze the modified beamformer method and the MUSIC method with good resolution. In result of simulation, we showed that modified beamformer method has better resolution of 10degree than classical beamformer method and showed similar performance as the MUSIC method. The resolution of this paper was estimated to be about 5 degrees.

Parallel clustering technology for real-time LWIR band image processing (실시간 LWIR 밴드 영상 처리를 위한 병렬 클러스터링 기술)

  • Cho, Yongjin;Lee, Kyou-seung;Hong, Seongha;Oh, Jong-woo;Lee, DongHoon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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    • 2017.04a
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    • pp.158-158
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    • 2017
  • 비닐포장 하부에 위치한 콩의 생장 초기에 발생한 초엽을 인식하기 위한 연구를 수행중이다. 선행 연구에서 비닐포장에 접촉한 콩 초엽으로 인해 비닐포장 상부 표면의 열 반응 분포에 변화가 있음을 발견하였다. 현장에서 주행 중에 콩 초엽의 위치를 실시간으로 인식하고 연동된 선형 또는 회전형 엑츄에이터를 제어하여 정확한 위치에 천공을 수행하기 위해서는 계측 시스템과 제어 시스템간의 시간적 차이를 최소할 수 있는 실시간 신호 처리 기술이 필수적이다. 선행 연구에서 사용한 다중 IR 센서의 분해능은 $16{\times}4pixel$이며 주파수는 3 Hz로, 폭이 30cm 내외인 비닐포장 상부의 정밀 분석에 한계가 있음을 발견하였다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 분해능과 계측 주기를 개선할 수 있는 초소형 ($1cm{\times}1cm{\times}1cm$) 열화상 센서를 이용하였다. LWIR(Longwave infrared)영역에 해당하는 $8{\mu}m{\sim}14{\mu}m$의 영역에서 $0.05^{\circ}C$의 분해능을 보이는 $ Lepton^{TM}$ (500-0690-00, FLIR, Goleta, CA)모델을 사용하였다. 프레임당 $80{\times}60$ 픽셀의 정보가 2 Byte의 단위로 계측이 되며 9 Hz의 주파수로 대상면의 열 분포를 측정할 수 있다. 이론적으로 초당 정보 전송량은 86,400 Byte ($80{\times}60{\times}2{\times}9$)이며, 1 m를 진행하는 주행형 천공기에 적용할 경우 1 프레임당 10cm 정도의 면적을 측정하므로, 최대 위치 판정 분해능은 약 10 cm / 60 pixel = 0.17 cm/pixel로 상대적으로 정밀한 위치 판별이 가능하다. $80{\times}60{\times}2Byet$의 정보를 0.1초 이내에 분석해야 하는 기술적 과제를 해결하기 위하여 천공 작업기에 적합한 상용 SBC(Single board computer)의 클럭 속도(1 Ghz)로 처리 가능한 공간 분포 분석 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 전체 이미지 도메인을 한 번에 분석하는데 소요되는 시간을 최소화하기 위하여 공간정보 행렬을 균등히 배분하고 별도의 프로세서에서 Feature를 분석한 후 개별 프로세서의 결과를 경합식으로 판정하는 기술을 연구하였다. 오픈 소스인 MPICH(www.mpich.org) 라이브러리를 이용하여 개발한 신호 분석 프로그램을 클러스터링으로 연동된 개별 코어에 설치/수행 하였다. 2D 행렬인 열분포 정보를 공간적으로 균등 분배하여 개별 코어에서 행렬의 Spatial domain analysis를 수행하였다. $20{\times}20$의 클러스터링 단위를 이용할 경우 총 12개의 코어가 필요하였으며, 초당 10회의 연산이 가능함을 확인하였다. 병렬 클러스터링 기술을 이용하여 1m/s 내외의 주행 속도에 대응이 가능한 비닐포장 상부 열 분포 분석 시스템을 구현하였다.

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High-Performance Givens Rotation-based QR Decomposition Architecture Applicable for MIMO Receiver (MIMO 수신기에 적용 가능한 고성능 기븐스 회전 기반의 QR 분해 하드웨어 구조)

  • Yoon, Ji-Hwan;Lee, Min-Woo;Park, Jong-Sun
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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    • v.49 no.3
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    • pp.31-37
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    • 2012
  • This paper presents an efficient hardware architecture to enable the high-speed Givens rotation-based QR decomposition. The proposed architecture achieves a highly parallel givens rotation process by maximizing the number of pivots selected for parallel zero-insertions. Sign-select lookahed (SSL)-CORDIC is also efficiently used for the high-speed givens rotation. The performance of QR decomposition hardware considerably increases compared to the conventional triangular systolic array (TSA) architecture. Moreover, the circuit area of QR decomposition hardware was reduced by decreasing the number of flip-flops for holding the pre-computed results during the decomposition process. The proposed QR decomposition hardware was implemented using TSMC $0.25{\mu}m$ technology. The experimental results show that the proposed architecture achieves up to 70 % speed-up over the TACR/TSA-based architecture for the $8{\times}8$ matrix decomposition.

3D Modeling and Inversion of Magnetic Anomalies (자력이상 3차원 모델링 및 역산)

  • Cho, In-Ky;Kang, Hye-Jin;Lee, Keun-Soo;Ko, Kwang-Beom;Kim, Jong-Nam;You, Young-June;Han, Kyeong-Soo;Shin, Hong-Jun
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.119-130
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    • 2013
  • We developed a method for inverting magnetic data to recover the 3D susceptibility models. The major difficulty in the inversion of the potential data is the non-uniqueness and the vast computing time. The insufficient number of data compared with that of inversion blocks intensifies the non-uniqueness problem. Furthermore, there is poor depth resolution inherent in magnetic data. To overcome this non-uniqueness problem, we propose a resolution model constraint that imposes large penalty on the model parameter with good resolution; on the other hand, small penalty on the model parameter with poor resolution. Using this model constraint, the model parameter with a poor resolution can be effectively resolved. Moreover, the wavelet transform and parallel solving were introduced to save the computing time. Through the wavelet transform, a large system matrix was transformed to a sparse matrix and solved by a parallel linear equation solver. This procedure is able to enormously save the computing time for the 3D inversion of magnetic data. The developed inversion algorithm is applied to the inversion of the synthetic data for typical models of magnetic anomalies and real airborne data obtained at the Geumsan area of Korea.

A Study on Power Spectrum Algorithm for Signal Resolution Improvement (신호 분해능 향상을 위한 전력스펙트럼 알고리즘 연구)

  • Lee, Kwan-Hyeong
    • The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.153-158
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    • 2020
  • In this paper, we studied an algorithm for estimating a desired target by removing noise and interference in a wireless communication environment. When an information signal with a mixture noise and interference receive a receiver, noise and interference signals must be removed to accurately estimate a desired target. In order to divide the received signal region into two spatial, a power spectrum is obtained by analyzing a correlation matrix, covariance, eigen vector, and eigen value. The proposed spectrum is an algorithm that can remove noise and interference, and analyzes the existing algorithm and target estimation performance through simulation. As a result of simulation, the target estimation resolution of existing algorithm is more than 10°, but the resolution of the proposed algorithm is less than 10°. The proposed algorithm has improved the resolution of about 5° than the exiting algorithm. The proposed algorithm proved that the target estimation accuracy and resolution are superior to the existing algorithm.

A Multiresolution Wavelet Scattering Analysis of Microstrip Patch antennas (마이크로스트립 패치 안테나의 다중 분해능 웨이블릿 산란해석법)

  • 강병용;주세훈;빈영부;김형훈;김형동
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.9 no.5
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    • pp.640-647
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    • 1998
  • Microstrip patch antennas are analyzed by a multiresolution wavelet method. The spectral Green's dyad of the structure is obtained and its joint spatial-spectral domain representations are presented. Based on the joint spatial-spectral domain representation, we show that the spectral-domain wavelets are useful in the analysis of this problem. We obtain the matrix equations of the integral equations of this Green's dyad by using the method of moment(MoM), and efficiently solve the problem using the spectral domain wavelet transform concepts in conjuction with the conjugate gradient method. The results for a single-layered square patch are compared with those of conventional MoM and CG-FFT.

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