• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.329-330
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• 2009

Food waste contains almost no heavy metals and high fuel ratio 0.14-0.17 that makes it a good candidate for solid fuel. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that volatile matter volatilizes at $200-400^{\circ}C$, and ignition temperature is $460^{\circ}C$. Combustion efficiency measured from energy balance before and after combustion was over 99%. Pulverized fuel made from food waste is a new and renewable energy which contribute to low carbon green economic growth.

• Bulletin of the Korean Institute for Industrial Safety
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

생활양식의 변화와 정밀산업의 발달로 고체 덩어리나 입자를 분쇄하여 분체의 형태로 사용, 취급, 저장하는 빈도가 증가하고 있으며, 이들 중 분체가 가연성인 경우에는 공기 또는 산소와의 접촉면적이 커서 비교적 쉽게 착화할 뿐 아니라 급격한 연소를 일으켜 화재·폭발의 위험성이 항상 존재하고 있다고 할 수 있다. 이와 같은 위험성을 가지는 가연성 분진에는 소맥분, 전분, 사탕 등의 식료품을 비롯하여 가축용 사료분진, 각종금속, 플라스틱 및 화학제품 등의 가공용 분진, 약품, 연료로 사용되는 석탄 뿐 아니라 섬유부스러기, 연마시의 분진 등을 들 수 있다. 특히 최근에는 신소재로서의 기능성 물질과 전자재료의 개발이 활발하게 진행되어 이 분야에서 분체를 취급하는 공정도 증가하고 있는 실정이다.(중략)

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.37-43
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• 2008

Three properties of food waste are water 80%, ash 3%, volatile matter 17%. When food waste goes through treatment process such as removal of foreign substances, removal of water as well as sodium, dryness, and pulverization, it transforms into 4,000 Kcal/kg purverized fuel if moisture content is below 13%. Fuel ratio (fixed carbon/volatile matter) of purverized fuel is low compared with bituminuous coal. Ignition temperature measured by thermogravimetry analyzer is about $460^{\circ}C$. Combustion test of purverized fuel have been performed using energy recovery facility which include storage tank of dewatered cake, dryer, hammer mill, combuster including burner, boiler, flue gas treatment equipment. When 160-180 kg/hr of fuel is steadily supplied to burner for 3 hours, combustor temperature reaches about $1000^{\circ}C$ and CO is 77-103 ppm at 1.55 excess air ratio and SOx and Cl are under 2 ppm and 1ppm, respectively. This experiment demonstrate that purverized fuel made from food waste could be an alternative clean energy at the age of high oil price.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.149-152
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• 2008

Three properties of food waste are water 80%, ash 3%, volatile matter 17%. When food waste goes through treatment process such as removal of foreign substances, removal of water as well as sodium, dryness, and pulverization, it transforms into 4,000Kcal/kg purverized fuel if moisture content is below 13%. Fuel ratio(fixed carbon/volatile matter) of purverized fuel is low compared with bituminuous coal. Ignition temperature measured by thermogravimetry analyzer is about $460^{\circ}C$. Combustion test of purverized fuel have been performed using energy recovery facility which include storage tank of dewatered cake, dryer, hammer mill, combuster including burner, boiler, flue gas treatment equipment. When 160-180 kg/hr of fuel is steadily supplied to burner for 3 hours, combueter temperature reaches about $1000^{\circ}C$ and CO is 77-103ppm at 1.55 excess air ratio and SOx and Cl are under 2ppm and 1ppm, respectively. This experiment demonstrate that purverized fuel made from food waste could be an alternative clean energy for high oil price era

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.143.1-143.1
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• 2010

고분자 전해질막 연료전지(Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell; PEMFC)는 수소를 이용하여 전기를 발생시키는 친환경적이고 이상적인 발전장치로 고효율과 높은 전류밀도를 가지며 그 응용분야가 다양하다. 저온에서 작동하는 PEM fuel cell은 전극에서 효과적인 산화환원반응을 위해 그 촉매로 활성이 우수한 Pt(Platinum)을 사용하고 있으나, Pt의 높은 가격은 연료전지의 상용화에 걸림돌이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 연료전지의 Pt/C 촉매 층에서 Pt의 분산성을 높여 Pt의 담지량을 줄이고 작동 중 발생하는 Pt의 응집 현상을 방지하여 Pt의 수명을 연장시킬 목적으로, Au(gold) 나노입자를 첨가한 Pt-Au/C 복합나노촉매를 제조하였다. 본 발표에서는 합성된 Pt-Au/C 복합촉매 중 Au 첨가량이 Pt 촉매의 활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여, 복합촉매 중에 금속(Pt+Au)의 총 함량이 30 wt.%와 40 wt.% 인 Pt-Au/C 촉매에 대하여 각각 Au 첨가량을 변화시켜, cyclic voltammetry 법에 의해 Au 첨가 효과를 조사한 결과에 대하여 보고하고자 한다. Au 나노입자를 제조하기 위한 출발 물질로는 $HAuCl_4{\cdot}4H_2O$를 이용하였고 trisodium citrate와 $NaBH_4$를 환원제로 하여, 입경이 5~8 nm 인 Au 콜로이드를 제조하였다. Pt-Au/C 복합나노촉매를 제조하기 위하여 먼저 Au/C 복합분체가 제조되었다. 0.03g의 carbon이 첨가된 carbon 현탁액에 합성된 Au 콜로이드 수용액을 첨가한 후 24시간 동안 교반하여 Au/C 복합분체를 제조하였다. 이 Au/C 복합분체에 $H_2PtCl_6{\cdot}6H_2O$ 수용액을 현탁하고 methanol 을 환원제로 사용해 Pt를 환원 석출시켜 Pt-Au/C 복합촉매를 제조하였다. Pt-Au/C 복합 나노촉매에서 Pt와 Au를 다양한 비율(3:1, 2.5:1.5, 2:2)로 합성하였으며 Pt-Au/C 복합촉매 중 금속(Pt+Au) 촉매의 총 함량은 30 wt.%와 40 wt.%로 각각 제조되었다. Au 나노입자 콜로이드의 분산성은 UV-visible spectrum의 흡광도에 의해 관찰되었고, Pt-Au/C 복합 나노촉매의 형상 및 분산성 분석은 transmission electron microscopy(TEM)에 의해 이루어졌다. 또한, 촉매의 전기화학적 특성평가는 cyclic voltammetry(CV)에 의해 조사되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.422-425
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• 1999

Ultrafine NiO/YSZ (Yttria-Stabilized Zirconic) composite powders were prepared by using a glycine nitrate process (GNP) for anode material of solid oxide fuel cells. The specific surface areas of synthesized NiO/YSZ composite powders were examined with controlling pH of a precursor solution and the content of glycine. The binding of glycine with metal ions occurring in the precursor solution was analyzed by using FTIR. The characteristics of synthesized composite powders were examined with X-ray diffractometer, a BET method with $N_2$ absorption, scanning and transmission electron microscopies. Strongly acid precursor solution increased the specific surface area of the synthesized composite powders. This is suggested to be caused by the increased binding of metal ions and glycine under a strong acid solution of pH=0.5 that lets glycine consist of mainly the amine group of NH$_3$$^{+}$ After sintering and reducing treatment of NiO/YSZ composite powders synthesized by GNP, the Ni/YSZ pellet showed ideal microstructure very fine Ni Particles of 3-5${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ were distributed uniformly and fine pores around Ni metal particles were formed, thus, leading to an increase of the triple phase boundary among gas, Ni and YSZ.Z.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.303-313
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• 1997

To enhance the strength and formability of MCFC matrixes, alumina/${\gamma}$-LiAlO2 fiber-reinforced ${\gamma}$-LiAlO2 ma-trixes have been investigated. The MCFC matrixes with the thickness of 500~600 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ were prepared by tape-casting of the slurry containing 10~30wt% fibers, followed by heat-treating up to $650^{\circ}C$. The porosity of fi-ber-reinforced matrixes decreased with the content of fibers, while the appropriate porosity(50~60%) for MCFC matrixes could be attained by adding larger ${\gamma}$-LiAlO2 particles with the diameter of about 50${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ up to 50 wt%. The optimum length and content of the alumina fiber, both in the alignment of fibers and the enhancement of the strength, were found to be below 250${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ and 20 wt%, respectively. On the other hand, the strength(156 gf/$\textrm{mm}^2$) of the ${\gamma}$-LiAlO2 matrix reinforced with ${\gamma}$-LiAlO2 fibers prepared in this study was improved by 20~40% in comparison with the alumina-fiber-reinforced matrix. It was also found that the alu-mina-fiber-reinforced matrix was completely corroded in molten carbonates but the ${\gamma}$-LiAlO2 was not.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.203-209
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• 1999

LaAlO3d single phase used as the butter layer on Si wafer for YBa2Cu3O7-$\delta$ superconductor application were prepared by solid state reaction method and by self-sustaining combustion process. The microstructure and crystallity of synthesiszed LaAlO3 powder studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer(XRD), specific surface area and sintering characteristics fo powder were investigated by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method and dilatometer respectively. In solid state reaction method, it is difficult to obtain LaAlO3 single phase up to 150$0^{\circ}C$ period. However, in self-sustaining combustion process, it is to easy to do it only $650^{\circ}C$. Based on the results of analysis of dilatometer it is easier to obtain high sintering density (98.87%) in self-sustaining combustion process than in the solid state reaction method. This reason is that the average particle size prepared by self-sustaining combustion process is nano crystal size and has high specific surface are value(56.54 $m^2$/g) compared with that by solid state reaction method. Also, LaAlO3 layer on the Si wafer has been achieved by screen printing and sintering method. Even though the sintering temperature is 130$0^{\circ}C$, the phenomena of silicon out diffusion in LaAlO3/Si interphase are not observed.