• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 1997

Andesitic pyroclastics and lava flows are deposited as a part of composite volcanoes by Cretaceous volcanic activity in Geojae Island, off the coast of Korea. The andesitic pyroclastics are composed of tuff breccia and lapilli tuff minor intercalated tuff. Lava flows are divided into dense and porphyritic andesite containing phenocrysts of plagioclase, pyroxene, and/or hornblende. The andesitic rocks represent charactersitcs of carc-alkaline BAR association with basalt, basaltic andesite, andesite, and dacite to rhyolite. Major element variations of the volcanic rocks show that $Al_2O_3$, total FeO, CaO, MgO and $TiO_2$ decrease with increasing $SiO_2$ but $K_2O$ and total alkalis increase, and represent differntiation trend of calc-alkaline rock series. In spider diagram, contents of Sr, K, Rb, Ba, and Th are relatively high, but contents of Nb, P, Ti and Cr are low. These petrochemcial characteristics are similar to those of rocks from island arc or continental margein related to plate subduction. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of volcanic rocks are paralle to subparallel, with LREE enriched than HREE, and show gradual increase of negative Eu anomaly from basalt to dacite and rhyolite, suggesting comagmatic fractional crystallization with minor effects of assimilation and magma mixing. Andesitic rocks are assumed medium-K orogenic andesites that formed in the tectomagmatic environment of subduction zone under normal continental margin arc.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.191-197
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• 1979

${\beta}-Tyrosinase$ was purified and crystallized from cells of Escherichia intermedia A-21 grown in a medium supplemented with 0.2% L-tyrosine. Molecular weight of its subunit, Km value and absorption spectra were determined. Crystallization methods were also studied to eliminate any unnecessary procedures. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The purification procedure included ammonium sulfate fractionation, dialysis against potassium phosphate buffer, pH 6.0 and pH 7.0, and DEAE-Sephadex column chromatography. In the column chromatography, 11 mg of protein was applied per ml of DEAE-Sephadex for efficiency. 2. Steps of protamine sulfate treatment and Sephadex G-150 gel filtration could be eliminated for this enzyme from the known procedures. 3. The purified enzyme was dissolved in 0.01M potassium phosphate buffer containing 2-mercaptoethanol, with a concentration of 20mg/ml. Crystalline enzyme, which appears as hexagonal rods, was obtained by adding solid fine powdered ammonium sulfate to the enzyme solution. 4. Absorption maxima of the enzyme appeared at 340 and 430nm when associated with pyridoxal phosphate. 5. Km value of the enzyme for L-tyrosine was $2.31{\times}10^{-4}M$ and the molecular weight of its subunit was determined by SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis to be approximately 50,000.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.272-278
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• 2006

Movement of pesticides applied for crop protection to the non-target environmental compartments has increasingly concerned in recent. A special review on groundwater leaching potential of pesticides registered in Korea was done by using the data submitted on half-life and adsorption of the pesticides in/on soil. Groundwater ubiquity score(GUS) of pesticides as a leaching potential was calculated by using domestic trial data on pesticide half-life in paddy or upland soils and Koc data bases of Oregon State University (OSU), British Pesticide Safety Directorate and Sweden. Of total 382 pesticides reviewed, domestic half-lives of 107 pesticides were for paddy soil and 297 pesticides for upland soil. And total 317 Koc values were collected 148 pesticides from OSU DB and 276 pesticides from UK/Sweden DB. Very highly leachable pesticides were 18 and highly leachable pesticides were 44 among 313 pesticides classified by GUS.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.213-222
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• 2019

Determining the meaning of a keyword in a speech dialogue system is an important technology for the future implementation of an intelligent speech dialogue interface. After extracting keywords to grasp intention from user's utterance, the intention of utterance is determined by using the semantic mark of keyword. One keyword can have several semantic marks, and we regard the task of attaching the correct semantic mark to the user's intentions on these keyword as a problem of word sense disambiguation. In this study, about 23% of all keywords in the corpus is manually tagged to build a semantic mark dictionary, a synonym dictionary, and a context vector dictionary, and then the remaining 77% of all keywords is automatically tagged. The semantic mark of a keyword is determined by calculating the context vector similarity from the context vector dictionary. For an unregistered keyword, the semantic mark of the most similar keyword is attached using a synonym dictionary. We compare the performance of the system with manually constructed training set and semi-automatically expanded training set by selecting 3 high-frequency keywords and 3 low-frequency keywords in the corpus. In experiments, we obtained accuracy of 54.4% with manually constructed training set and 50.0% with semi-automatically expanded training set.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.61-69
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• 2015

This study presents a probabilistic knowledge discovery method to interpret heart rate variability (HRV) based on time and frequency domain indexes, extracted using discrete wavelet transform. The knowledge induction algorithm was composed of two phases: rule generation and rule estimation. Firstly, a rule generation converts numerical attributes to intervals using ROC curve analysis and constructs a reduced ruleset by comparing consistency degree between attribute-value pairs with different decision values. Then, we estimated three measures such as rule support, confidence, and coverage to a probabilistic interpretation for each rule. To show the effectiveness of proposed model, we evaluated the statistical discriminant power of five rules (3 for atrial fibrillation, 1 for normal sinus rhythm, and 1 for both atrial fibrillation and normal sinus rhythm) generated using a data (n=58) collected from 1 channel wireless holter electrocardiogram (ECG), i.e., HeartCall$^{(R)}$, U-Heart Inc. The experimental result showed the performance of approximately 0.93 (93%) in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC measures, respectively.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.627-635
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• 2008

An extended form of lexical network is explored by presenting U-WIN, which applies lexical relations that include not only semantic relations but also conceptual relations, morphological relations and syntactic relations, in a way different with existing lexical networks that have been centered around linking structures with semantic relations. So, This study introduces the new methodology for constructing a syntactic relation automatically. First of all, we extract probable nouns which related to verb based on verb's sentence type. However we should decided the extracted noun's meaning because extracted noun has many meanings. So in this study, we propose that noun's meaning is decided by the example matching rule/syntactic pattern/semantic similarity, frequency information. In addition, syntactic pattern is expanded using nouns which have high frequency in corpora.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.462-477
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to determine the petrology of basalt and the volcanic process in the Seondol cinder cone, Seobjikoji area, eastern Jeju Island. The Seondol cinder cone is mainly composed of spatters in the lower part, pyroclastic deposits including reddish brown blocks, ashes with volcanic bombs in the middle part, and dark black scoria deposits in the upper part. The volcanic sequences suggest volcanic processes that progress through Strombolian eruption and end with Hawaiian lava effusion which breached the cinder cone northwestward and extended over northwestward as lava delta and basalt emplaced as a volcanic neck in the central part of crater in the cinder cone. The age of basalt lava flows is about $95\;{\pm}\;3\;ka$. The basalts belong to transitional basalt and show products of fractional crystallization of clinopyroxene and olivine from a parental basalt magma on the basis of variation diagram of major, trace and rare earth elements. Basalts in the region of this study are plotted at the region of within plate basalt.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.58-68
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a scheme to improve discriminative property in the feature compensation method for robust speech recognition under noisy environments. The estimation of noisy speech model used in existing feature compensation methods do not guarantee the computation of posterior probabilities which discriminate reliably among the Gaussian components. Estimation of Posterior probabilities is a crucial step in determining the discriminative factor of the Gaussian models, which in turn determines the intelligibility of the restored speech signals. The proposed scheme employs minimum classification error (MCE) training for estimating the parameters of the noisy speech model. For applying the MCE training, we propose to identify and determine the 'competing components' that are expected to affect the discriminative ability. The proposed method is applied to feature compensation based on parallel combined mixture model (PCMM). The performance is examined over Aurora 2.0 database and over the speech recorded inside a car during real driving conditions. The experimental results show improved recognition performance in both simulated environments and real-life conditions. The result verifies the effectiveness of the proposed scheme for increasing the performance of robust speech recognition systems.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.249-261
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• 2012

Phlogopite-bearing orthopyroxenite occurs in Andong ultramafic complex in a planar body of about 1 meter thick, and consists mostly of coarse subhedral to euhedral orthopyroxene crystals. Minor minerals are clinopyroxene, phlogopite, and plagioclase with trace chromian spinel, pentlandite, apatite, and zircon. Clinopyroxene occurs as either exolution lamella or interstitial fillings with phlogopite and plagioclase. Electron microprobe analysis showed that orthopyroxenes are entatite, while clinopyroxenes are diopside with little chemical variation through samples. Hydrous alteration resulted in the formation of talc, amphibole, and serpentine from orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, and plagioclase, respectively. The orthopyroxenite was probably formed by the fractional crystallization of the ultramafic magma. Radiogenic dating of phlogopite and zircon of the orthopyroxenite would reveal the age of the Andong ultramafic complex.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.84-90
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• 2007

일반적인 어휘망이 의미 관계에 의한 연결 구조를 중심으로 연구 개발된 것과는 달리, U-WIN은 의미관계를 비롯하여 개념 관계, 형태 관계, 구문 관계 등과 같이 의미 관계의 범위를 확장한 어휘 관계를 적용하여 구축하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 U-WIN의 어휘 관계 중의 하나인 구문관계를 자동으로 구축하는 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 먼저, 용언의 용례에서 문형정보를 기준으로 구문관계를 형성할 수 있는 후보명사를 추출하였으며, 추출한 후보명사는 용언의 세분화된 의미별로 정확하고 다양하게 추출할 수 있었다. 그러나 U-WIN은 다의어의 뜻풀이 하나하나를 개별적인 어휘로 구분하여 구축하였으므로, 어휘 간의 구문관계를 설정하기 위해서는 후보명사의 여러 의미 중에서 하나의 의미로 결정해야 한다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 용례 매칭 규칙, 구문패턴, 의미 유사도 등을 차례로 적용하여 후보명사의 의미를 분별하였으며, 또한 구문패턴의 빈도 정보를 이용하여 용례에 나타나지 않지만 구문관계를 형성할 수 있는 명사를 추출하여 구문관계를 확장하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구는 명사 중심의 어휘망이 용언과의 구문관계 구축을 통해 형태소 분석, 구문 분석, 의미 분석 등에 광범위하게 활용할 수 있는 어휘망의 기반을 다지는 작업이 될 수 있을 것이다.