• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.429-433
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• 2003

trans-Resveratrol(3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is phenolic compound present in grapes, wines, and peanuts, has been reported to have health benefits including anticarcinogenic effects, protection against cardiovascular diseases and reduced cancer risk. A simple method for the quantitative extraction of trans-resveratrol from peanut has been developed. Optimal conditions for extraction were investigated. Type of solvent, time, and temperature assayed influenced trans-resveratrol yield. Adequate extraction condition was decided to ethanol/water (80:20v/v) maintained at $25^{\circ}C$ for 45 min. After extraction, the protocol consists of sample preparation using a $\textrm{C}_{18}$ solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge after concentrate with rotary evaporator and quantified by reversed phase HPLC using a $\textrm{C}_{18}$ column at 308 nm. Analytical methods for measuring trans-resveratrol in peanut were adapted to isolate, identify, and quantify trans-resveratrol in 11 peanut varieties by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) with UV detector, The 11 peanut varieties content ranged from 0.018 to 1.125 $\mu\textrm{g}/\textrm{g}$ with an average of 0.289 $\mu\textrm{g}/\textrm{g}$. The contents were higher in the seeds with than without testa, regardless of varieties. The trans-resveratrol content was Higher in 110, 130 days after sowing than that of other period.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.627-632
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to investigate the supplementation effect of selenium on beef color stability. A total of 15 Hanwoo steers were divided into 3 groups and 2 groups were administered with 0.9 ppm of one of two organic-selenium products, Organic-Se and Se-SMC (Se-spent mushroom compost) for 4 mon. The third group was the control group, which was not with fed selenium during the same period. The result of this study showed that there was no significant difference in meat color between the control and treatments when Hunter $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, chroma, hue and total color difference (${\Delta}E$) were measured after 30 min of blooming. When the oxymyoglobin (OxyMb) contents were measured after beef samples were ground and stored for 48 h at $20^{\circ}C$ in an incubator, they were 26.04%, 28.52% and 33.78% for the control, Organic-Se and Se-SMC after 14 d of storage and 12.65, 18.98 and 18.72 after 21 d of storage at $4^{\circ}C$, respectively (p<0.05). The control had a significantly higher metmyoglobin (MetMb) content than Organic-Se and Se-SMC (p<0.05). This result indicated that selenium supplementation was effective in preventing the oxidation of myoglobin(Mb) and production of MetMb and thus was able to maintain the purplish fresh red color of the meat.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.33-44
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and trend of Landrace and Yorkshire pigs, which were raised on private farms from 1999 to 2005 and tested for their reproductive performance by the Korea Animal Improvement Association. Prior to analysis, records without pedigree or having value with larger than±3×standard deviation for the Total number of born were excluded. The effects of breed and environmental factors were estimated with least square method(Harvey, 1979), and estimation of breeding values and genetic parameters were performed on the data of 1’st litter only with GIBBSF90(Misztal, 2001) which was programmed according to Gibbs Sampling method based on Bayesian Inference by Gianola and Fernando(1986), Jensen(1994) and others. Gibbs sampling was performed 50,000 times for each parameter, and the first 5000 samples were regarded as those in burn-in period and thus, excluded for post hoc analysis. Total number of born and total number of accident were statistically significant(p<0.01) for the breed, farrowing year, farrowing season and parity effects, and the number born alive at birth was statistically significantp<(0.01) for the breed, farrowing year, farrowing season and parity effects. No particular trend was observed in the genetic and phenotypic improvement of the total number of born and number born alive at birth before 2001, when the piglet registration system started, but the tendencies of increasing for the total number of born and number born alive and decreasing for the total number of accident were observed since 2001. Somewhat higher heritability estimates of our study seems to be attributed to the situations that first parity records with poor farrowing performances were used in the analyses and it was impossible to obtain accurate reproductive performance due to the absence of criteria for record keeping at the level of individual farms.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.74-83
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• 2016

In order to improve the sour taste and foul odor of fermented soymilk, bacteria were isolated from kimchi and identified. Of the 89 bacterial strains isolated from kimchi, 3 isolates produced fermented soymilk with a sour taste and foul odor. The selected bacterial strains R53, R83, and R84 were identified by morphological, biochemical, and 16S rRNA analyses as Weissella koreensis. The strain R83, which produced fermented soymilk having the mildest sour taste and foul odor, was selected for further investigation and named W. koreensis KO3. The optimum culture condition for the fermentation of soymilk by W. koreensis KO3 was at $30^{\circ}C$ for 12 h. When soymilk was fermented under the optimum culture conditions, the viable cell count reached up to $8.71{\times}10^8CFU/ml$ and pH and acidity reached as low as 6.02 and as high as 0.33%, respectively. Twenty-seven amino acids and their derivatives were detected in fermented soymilk. The amounts of serine, glycine, threonine, alanine, and aspartic acid, which contribute to a sweeter taste, increased during fermentation. Orinithine, which was not detected before fermentation, increased during fermentation. Sensory evaluation showed that W. koreensis KO3-fermented soymilk has improved bean, roasted nut, and sour flavors as well as an enhanced mouthfeel, appearance, preferability, and overall acceptability compared with those of standard fermented soymilk. With further study and development, soymilk fermented by W. koreensis KO3 could serve as a health-promoting food with favorable sensory qualities.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2005

The Korean VLBI Network (KVN) will open a new field of research in astronomy, geodesy and earth science using the newest three Elm radio telescopes. This will expand our ability to look at the Universe in the millimeter regime. Imaging capability of radio interferometry is highly dependent upon the antenna configuration, source size, declination and the shape of target. In this paper, imaging simulations are carried out with the KVN system configuration. Five test images were used which were a point source, multi-point sources, a uniform sphere with two different sizes compared to the synthesis beam of the KVN and a Very Large Array (VLA) image of Cygnus A. The declination for the full time simulation was set as +60 degrees and the observation time range was -6 to +6 hours around transit. Simulations have been done at 22GHz, one of the KVN observation frequency. All these simulations and data reductions have been run with the Astronomical Image Processing System (AIPS) software package. As the KVN array has a resolution of about 6 mas (milli arcsecond) at 220Hz, in case of model source being approximately the beam size or smaller, the ratio of peak intensity over RMS shows about 10000:1 and 5000:1. The other case in which model source is larger than the beam size, this ratio shows very low range of about 115:1 and 34:1. This is due to the lack of short baselines and the small number of antenna. We compare the coordinates of the model images with those of the cleaned images. The result shows mostly perfect correspondence except in the case of the 12mas uniform sphere. Therefore, the main astronomical targets for the KVN will be the compact sources and the KVN will have an excellent performance in the astrometry for these sources.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.177-183
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• 1999

This study was conducted to observe the spawning behavior and early life history of chinese minnow, Rhynchocypris oxycephalus reared in the laboratory. The spawning period of Rhynchocypris oxycephalus is from May to June in nature. The eggs of Rhynchocypris oxycephalus were spawned on the sand and surface of the gravel. The fertilization eggs were demersal in shape and adhesive, released as a clump forming a thin layer and their diameter were 1.70~1.90mm (mean 1.80 mm, n=20). Hatching of eggs was started in 88 hour 45 minute after fertilization at water temperature $19{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ and finished in 90 hour. Newly-hatched larvae were measured 4.87~5.02 mm in total length (TL, mean 4.94 mm), mouth and anus were not opened. 6 days old larvae were 6.32~6.56 mm in TL (mean 6.44 mm). Yolk sac was almost absorbed, mouth and anus was began to open. 13 days old larvae were 6.74~6.91 mm in TL (mean 6.82 mm). Part of Dorsal fin was began to rising and myomere number was 15+23=38. 25 days after hatching, total length of larvae was 8.45~8.60 mm (mean 8.52 mm). Dorsal and anal fin rays became differentiated, and also caudal part of the notocord flexion was achieved at $45^{\circ}C$. In the time, growth rate was higher than the other stage. Aggregate numbers of all fin rays were completed at 16.39~16.57 mm in TL (60 days after hatching), at which time the larvae reached the juvenile stage, but fin-fold on ventral was remained yet. External features of adult specimens were almost completed at 80 day old juveniles (18.69~18.87 mm in TL).

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.92-100
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• 1984

The seasonal variation of catch and the fishing ground formation of anchovy caught by gill net are studied by using the data for 14 years, 1969 to 1982, published by the Fisheries Research and Development Agency of Korea. The main fishing season of anchovy by gill net can be devised into two seasons: spring and autumn. The former begins early in spring, marks peak in May with the monthly mean catch of 3,000 $\frac{M}{T}$ and ends in summer. The latter begins early in autumn, marks peak in October with the monthly mean catch of 1,500$\frac{M}{T}$ and ends in winter. The fishing ground begins to be formed in the southern waters of Korea with the begining of spring fishing season, and it is extended all over the south-eastern waters from spring to summer and it is converged to the coastal areas from autumn to winter. From the calculation of correlationship between adjacent fishing sections, the fishing ground can be devided into three areas; the northern area of $37^{\circ}N$, the southern area of $35^{\circ}N$ and the area between $35^{\circ}N\;and\;37^{\circ}N$. In the northern area of $37^{\circ}N$, monthly centers of the fishing ground are located in the adjacent aea area of Sockcho-Jumunjin district in the whole year, and its annual mean variance shows about 8 miles in the latitudinal direction and 10 miles in the longitudinal direction. In the area between $35^{\circ}N\;and\;37^{\circ}N$, monthly centers are located in the adjacent sea area of Kijang-Kuryongpo district, and the variance shows about 10 miles in the longitudinal direction and 20 miles in the latitudinal direction. In the southern area of $35^{\circ}N$, monthly centers are located in the open sea in spring and summer, and are conversed to the coastal area in autumn and winter, and the variance shows 8 miles in the latitudinal direction and 35 miles in the longitudinal direction. Water temperature and salinity at the fishing ground where the anchovy gill net was effectively operated are estimated from 14 to $20^{\circ}C$ and from 33.0 to $34.0\%0$ respectively.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.129-135
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• 1981

Low phenylalanine diet(0.05%) was given to the Sprague Dawley pregnant rats at the 14 days of gestation and continued until the pups were lactated for 11 days. Body weight, plasma phenylalanine and tyrosine, brain weight, and brain phenylalanine and tyrosine were determined on pups randomly sacrificed at several intervals. Body weight of pups on normal diet (0. 36% phenylalanine) gained rapidly while the pups on the phenylalanine deficient diet decreased and did not survive during the period of 11 days. Brain weight of the pups on the phenylalanine deficient diet was significantly lower(P < 0.05) than the normal pups. Phenylalanine deficient diet did not affect the level of plasma phenylalanine of pups, but it seems that there was a positive correlation between the level of phenylalanine in the diet and the plasma tyrosine level. The plasma tyrosine level of pups on the deficient diet was decreased significantly during the Period while the pups on the normal diet increased steadily. Phenylalanine and tyrosine level in the brain was lower in Pups on the deficient diet than the pups on normal diet but the plasma phenylalanine level was not significantly different in both diets. However, plasma tyrosine level was significantly lower in the pups on the deficient diet than the normal diet at the end of the period.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2014

Purpose : To evaluate the prevalence and pattern of perfusion defect (PD) on first-pass stress perfusion MR imaging in relation with the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and late gadolinium-enhancement (LGE) in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (APH). Materials and Methods: Cardiac MR imaging with first-pass stress perfusion, cine, and LGE sequence was performed in 26 patients with APH from January 2008 to December 2012. We analyzed a total of 416 segments for LV wall thickness on end-diastolic phase of cine images, and evaluated the number of hypertrophied segment and number of consecutive hypertrophied segment (NCH). We assessed the presence or absence of PD and LGE from all patients. If there was PD, we subdivided the pattern into sporadic (sporadic-PD) or ring (ring-PD). Using univariate logistic method, we obtained the independent predictor for presence of overall PD and ring-PD. Results: PD on stress perfusion MRI was observed in 20 patients (76.9%), 12 of them (60%) showed ring-PD. Maximal LV wall thickness and number of hypertrophied segment were independent predictors for overall PD (all, p < 0.05). NCH with more than 3 segments was an additional independent factor for ring-PD. However, LGE was not statistically related with PD in patients with APH. Conclusion: About three quarters of the patients with APH showed PD, most of them represented as ring-PD. LVH degree or distribution was related with pattern of PD, however, LGE was not related with PD. Therefore, the clinical significance of PD in the patients with APH seems to be different from those with non-APH, and further comparison study between the two groups should be carried out.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.52-59
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• 2003

Purpose : The renin-angiotensin system(RAS) plays an important role in renal growth and development. We have studied the prevalence of renal anomalies and documented the association between karyotype and renal anomalies using IVP and ultrasonography. Furthermore, to investigate the impact of RAS gene polymorphism on renal anomaly in Turner syndrome, we examined the ACE I/D genotype, angiotensinogen(AGT) gene M235T, angiotensin receptor type 1(ATR) gene A1166C. Methods : Cytogenetic analysis was performed in 33 Turner syndrome patients on peripheral blood lymphocytes. Ultrasonography(US) of the kidneys and collecting system and intravenous pyelography(IVP) were perfomed in all patients. Nuclear scintigraphy{Tc 99m dimercaptosuccinic acid(DMSA) scan} was also performed for the definite renal diagnosis if indicated. And, ACE I/D genotype, angiotensinogen(AGT) gene M235T, angiotensin receptor type 1(ATR) gene A1166C were examined by PCR amplification of genomic DNA samples. Results : The prevalence of renal anolmalies in Turner syndrome was 36.4%(12/33). The Karyotype 45, X was observed in 18 of the 33 girls(54.5%), of whom 8(44.4%) had renal anomalies. Mosaic karyotypes were observed in 11(33.3%) and four(12.2%) had a non-mosaic structural aberration of the X chromosome. In this group 4(25.7%) had renal anomalies. More renal anomalies were associated with the 45, X karyotype than those with mosaic/structural abnormalities of X chromosome, but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). And, there was no significant differences in the RAS gene polymorphism and allele frequencies between renal anomaly group and normal group in Turner syndrome. Conclusion : The prevalence of renal anolmalies in Turner syndrome was 36.4%. There is no significant differences in the RAS gene polymorphism and allele frequencies between the renal anomaly group and the normal group in Turner syndrome.