• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.150-150
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• 2002

40두 규모의 농장에서 사육된 홀스타인 종, 4개월령의 수컷 송아지에서 거세 후 고열, 식욕부진, 기침 등의 증상과 함께 전신 체표 림프절의 종대가 관찰되어 백혈병으로 잠정진단 하고 도태를 권유하였으나 축주가 치료를 원해 항생제와 해열제 및 기타 대증요법을 실시한 후 치료반응이 없어 폐사하여 부검을 실시하였다. 혈액 검사상 이상핵과 다형핵을 가진 다수의 림프구 및 백혈구, 호중구, 림프구 및 단핵구의 증가가 관찰되었다. 또한 백혈병 바이러스에 대한 분리 및 PCR 검사는 음성이었다. 부검 소견으로 체표 림프절, 슬관절 부위 및 비장과 간의 종대가 관찰되었으며 비장 중심에 12x11 cm의 종괴와 폐의 전엽부 유착 및 폐문, 종격동 림프절의 심한 종대가 관찰되었다. 견갑전 림프절을 비롯하여 대퇴골 전, 서혜, 폐문, 이하림프절 등 전신 림프절의 종대 및 소성의 연한 황색의 매끄러운 절단면을 보였다. 전지 관절의 종대와 관절강 내부는 증가된 농성 활액을 보였으며 고관절 강 내에 농성 활액의 증가와 공기 노출 후 젤리양 응고를 보였다. 심장은 장액성 위축과 함께 섬외막성 점상출혈이 나타났다. 병리조직학적 소견으로 비장은 지주 주변에 미성숙형의 세포들의 침윤이 보이며 유사분열상이 다수 관찰되었고 백색 수질에도 유사분열상의 증가와 함께 림프아구성 세포들이 다수 나타났다. 이들 주요한 비정상 세포들은 다형성의 큰 핵을 가진 다양한 림프아구의 형태를 지녔으며 핵내 공포가 인정되었다. 비장의 종괴 주변에는 증식된 섬유조직으로 둘러싸여 있었으며 미세농양 형성되어 있고, 일부 석회화가 진행된 부위도 있었다. 간소엽성 중심성 울혈과 가벼운 간세포내 지방침윤, 혈관 내 림프아구 형태의 세포와 소수의 호중구가 관찰되었다. 간삼조 주변에는 가볍거나 중등도의 단핵세포의 침윤이 미만성으로 관찰되었다. 폐에서는 중등도의 기관지 폐렴과 함께 일부는 무기폐가 관찰되었으며 폐포강과 세기관지내에는 염증성 삼출물이 다량 들어 있었다. 다병소성 미세농양과 함께 괴사가 있었고 실질의 섬유화가 진행되어 있었다. 또한 중등도의 간질성 신장염과 림프절은 지주 주변에 간극 내 비정상 림프구 세포의 형태는 비장의 그것과 유사하였으며 적수와 백수의 구이 힘들며 림프소절이 증가되어 있었다. 한 시야에서 유사분열상이 6-8 개로 그 지수가 매우 높으며 이와 더불어 큰 림프구가 전반에 걸쳐 침윤되어 있었다. 주변부 동(sinus)에는 많은 물질들이 침윤되어 있으며 렴프소절내 미만성의 성상현상이 관찰되었다. 회장은 파이어판내 심한 림프구 소실이 나타났다. 이상의 소견을 바탕으로 본 증례는 산재성 송아지 백혈병으로 진단되었다

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.61-72
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• 2023

In December 2020, the Fair Trade Act related to South Korea's separation of industrial capital was amended, and it was announced that the amendments would come into effect one year later, on December 30, 2021. The amendment's content involved breaking the previous principle of separating industrial capital from financial market penetration, allowing for the ownership of shares in general holding companies, small business startup investment companies, and technology business finance specialist companies. While the previous law was based on total issued shares' ownership, there were fluctuations in the subsequent trends of annual establishment and investment counts, as well as strategic investment counts of CVC (Corporate Venture Capital) before and after the law's amendment. CVC and IVC (Independent Venture Capital) are characterized differently based on their investment purposes, fund management types, and investment types. In this regard, the relaxation of the separation of industrial capital law is expected to have a positive impact on the future of the venture investment ecosystem and innovation ecosystem. In this study, we analyze the trends in the establishment count, investment count, and strategic investment count of domestic CVC from 2018, before the law amendment, to May 2023. Using 2021, the year the amended separation of industrial capital law was implemented, as a reference point, we examine changes in the trend. The analysis results indicate a significant increase in domestic CVC in 2021 compared to the previous year, along with an increase in investment counts, strategic investment counts, and the amount of investment in strategic investments. Based on these findings, this study suggests directions for further research related to future domestic CVC investment, strategic investment, and the activation of the venture investment market.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.20 no.3_4
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• pp.111-174
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• 1998

현재 우리나라 경제구조조정의 3대 핵심분야의 하나인 공기업 부문의 성공적인 개혁을 위해서는, 공기업 내부효율 차원을 넘어 정부의 역할, 산업정책의 목표 및 경쟁정책과 산업정책간의 갈등이라는 보다 근본적인 차원에서 공기업문제에 접근하는 것이 필요하다. 본고에서는 특히 상업성이 강한 대규모 공기업에 중점을 두고, 그 설립배경에서 출발하여 현행 공기업정책이 지난 문제점을 산업정책 및 경쟁정책과 연계하여 분석하고 공기업 경영 및 자원배분의 효율성을 제고할 수 있는 민영화 및 경영혁신방안을 제시하고 있다. 특히 선정부 출범 이후 추진되고 있는 민영화계획은 다음과 같은 점에서 개선될 필요가 있다. 첫째, 민영화대상 공기업들은 완전민영화 이전에 1997 년에 도입된 "공기업 특별법"의 적용을 받도록 하여 이윤동기 및 기업가치 극대화에 의거한 기업경영 및 지배구조의 정착을 유도하되, 특별법의 내용을 보완하여 기업경영에 대하여 주무부처의 간섭으로부터 완전독립을 보장하는 것이 요구된다. 둘째, 민영화에 따른 효율제고의 효과를 최대한 얻기 위해서는 완전민영화 이전에라도 산업정책, 규제정책 및 경쟁정책 등을 기업경영과 분리해야 한다. 이를 위하여, 자연독점적 산업에 대한 요금규제를 위해 독립된 규제기관을 설치해야 하고 민영화 대상 공기업의 정부보유주식을 관리하는 공기업지주회사의 설립을 검토할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 주무부처의 부처이기주의를 초월하여 민영화계획을 효과적으로 집행하기 위해서는 강력한 정치적 리더십이 뒷받침되는 범정부적 추진체제를 갖추는 것이 필요하다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.5
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• pp.7-21
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• 1964

가잠(家蠶)(Bombyx mori)의 잠체(蠶體), 용체 및 견사선(絹絲腺)(후부(後部))에서 phenol법(法)으로 RNA를 추출(抽出)하여 RNA의 nucleotide 조성(組成)(mole ratio)을 살피는 한편, 견사선(絹絲腺)(후부(後部))에서 초원심법(超遠沈法)으로 r-RNA, s-RNA를 분리(分離)하여 이에 대(對)한 nucleotide조성(組成)을 조사(調査)하고 또 가잠견사선(家蠶絹絲腺)과 비교(比較)할 목적(目的)으로 거미 방적선(紡績腺)의 t-RNA를 분리(分離)하여 nucleotide성분(成分)을 측정(測定)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) 잠란(蠶卵)에 있어서 이것을 마수(磨粹), 탈지(脫脂) 후(後) lysozyme을 작용(作用)시키고 10% NaCl용액(溶液)으로 가열(加熱) 추출(抽出)하는 새방법(方法)을 고찰(考察)하여 RNA의 추출(抽出)이 극난(極難)한 잠란(蠶卵)에서 RNA를 분리(分離)하는데 성공(成功)하였다. 2) 가잠란(家蠶卵), 잠체(蠶體), 용체 및 견사선(絹絲腺)(후부(後部))의 t-RNA nucleotide 조성(組成)은 다음과 같다. 시료(試料) $\frac{G+C}{A+U}$ $\frac{G+U}{A+C}$ $\frac{Pu}{Py}$ 가잠란(家蠶卵)의 RNA 1.14 1.24 0.99 가잠체(家蠶體)의 RNA 1.40 1.36 0.80 용체의 RNA 1.40 1.33 1.35 후부견사선(後部絹絲腺)의 RNA 1.05 1.32 1.15 이로서 잠체(蠶體). 용체 및 견사선(絹絲腺)의 Pu/Py는 각각(各各) 차이(差異)가 있으나 G+U/A+C는 3자간(者間)에 1.3의 거이 동일(同一)한 수치(數値)를 보여주고 있다. G+C/A+U는 잠체(蠶體)와 용체에 있어서 동일(同一)하나 견사선(絹絲腺)의 그것과는 차이(差異)가 있다. 한편 잠란(蠶卵)에 있어서는 Pu/Py, G+C/A+U, G+U/A+C가 각각(各各) 잠체(蠶體), 용체 및 견사선(絹絲腺)에 있어서와 현저(顯著)한 차이(差異)를 보여주고 있다. G+C/A+U가 1.3이나 되는 RNA의 base ratio를 가진 생물(生物)에 관(關)해서는 아직 보고(報告)된 바 없고 다만 본논문(本論文)의 가잠(家蠶)에 관(關)한 RNA와 속편(續編)인 각종(各種) 패류(貝類) RNA의 nucleotide 조성(組成)에서 모두 1.3에 가까운 수치(數値)를 보여주고 있다. 3) 견사선(絹絲腺)(후부(後部)) t-RNA와 거미 방적선(紡績腺)의 t-RNA의 nucleotide molar ratio 및 견사선(絹絲腺)의 r-RNA, s-RNA nucleotide 조성(組成)은 다음과 같다. 재료(材料) $\frac{G+C}{A+U}$ $\frac{G+U}{A+C}$ $\frac{Pu}{Py}$ 가잠견사선(家蠶絹絲腺)(후부(後部)의 t-RNA 1.05 1.32 1.15의 r-RNA 1.12 1.30 1.20의 s-RNA 1.55 1.33 0.65 지주방적선(蜘蛛紡績腺)의 t-RNA 1.35 1.24 1.16 즉(卽) 가잠견사선(家蠶絹絲腺)(후부(後部))과 거미방적선(紡績腺)의 t-RNA nucleotide 조성(組成)은 Pu/Py가 1.15와 1.16으로서 거이 동일(同一)하지만 G+C/A+U, G+U/A+C에 차이(差異)가 있음을 보았다. 한편 가잠견사선(家蠶絹絲腺)(후부(後部)) r-RNA와 s-RNA의 Pu/Py와 G+C/A+U는 현저(顯著)한 차이(差異)가 있고, G+U/A+C에 있어서는 1.3으로서 거이 동일(同一)한 수치(數値)를 보여주고 있다. 4. 이상(以上)과 같이 잠체(蠶體)에 관(關)한 RNA의 nucleotide 조성(組成)은 소위(所謂) GC-type로서, 현재(現在)까지 문헌(文獻)에 보고(報告)된 각종(各種) 생물(生物)의 RNA의 base ratio에 관(關)하여 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)하였으며, RNA의 nucleotide ratio의 차이(差異)의 의의(意義)에 대(對)하여 고찰(考察)하였다.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.299-304
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• 2013

Tracheal epithelial cells (TECs) are an important tool for studies of viral respiratory diseases. Primary TECs have been cultured from human, mouse and hamster. It is also necessary to diagnose viral respiratory disease and reveal infection mechanisms in chicken. In this study, we isolated tracheal epithelial layers from tracheal of 20-day-old chicks and cultured primary TECs from the isolated layers. Ciliated cells which were a typical morphology of TECs were observed in cultured primary TECs and maintained until cell passage 5 (15 to 20 days). When we analyzed expression patterns of epithelial marker genes (retinoic acid responder, FGF-binding protein, virus activating protease (VAP) in TECs compared to immortalized chicken embryonic fibroblast cell line (DF-1), all the marker genes are highly expressed in TECs than in DF-1. When TECs were cultured with 0.1 and 1 MOI of ND virus (rNDV-GFP strain) to test the susceptibility of TECs for ND virus, 12.6% and 48.2% of the incubated TECs were infected respectively. In addition, when DF-1 was incubated with 1 MOI of ND virus, the virus infection rate of DF-1 was three times lower than the virus infection rate of TECs. These data could contribute to study infection mechanisms of viral respiratory diseases and control them in chicken.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.191-208
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• 2018

This paper focuses on the integration aspect of operators to determine an improvement strategy for the operating system to enhance competitiveness of Busan Port. This Study proposes the following alternatives: valuation standards for the integration of operators, the road map for the integration period, the scope and role setting of integrated operators' participation of Busan Port Authority(BPA), and the separation and linkage North Port and the New Port operators. First, the valuation standards for operator integration should be based on international standards. Additionally quantitative factors such as financial situation, business performance and participating companies' profitability, and the qualitative factors such as management ability, technology, and labor relations should be considered. Second, the timing of North Port's operator integration should be prioritized in the short term in conjunction with the commencement of its phase 2-4, 2-5, and 2-6. The integration of New Port operators should provide a road map for a relatively long-term perspective. Third, the participation of BPA' integrated operators should be considered in terms of publicity as a policy coordinator between terminals and by pursuing the profitability of entering into overseas business by fostering Korean global terminal operators. The scope and role of participation ensures that the experience and technology of the terminal operation business is maximized. Fourth, because physically intergrating the North Port' operator into a single corporate form is difficult, initially establishing a special purpose company to maximize the effect of the integrated operation is necessary. Then, the operators decided to convert to a holding company given the termination of the lease term contract with the State or BPA, and ultimately proposed a merger into a single corporation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 1980

One of the most important basic problems for developing the new techniques in the field of road landscape planting practices in Korea, is to clarify, analyse, and evaluate the existing technical level through actual field survey on the various kinds of planting techniques. This study is, therefore, aimed at the good grasp of detail essences of the existing level of road landscape planting techniques through field investigations of the executed sites. In this study, emphasized efforts are made to the detail analysis and systematic rearrangements of such main subjects as; 1) principles and functions of the road landscape planting techniques; 2) essential elements in planning of it; 3) advanced practices in execution of planting of it; 4) and improved methods in maintenance of plants and lands as an entire system of road landscape planting techniques. The road landscape planting techniques could be explained as the planting and landscaping practices to improve the road function through introduction of plants (green-environment) on and around the roads. The importances of these techniques have been recognized by the landscape architects and road engineers, and they also emphasize not on]y the establishment of road landscape features but also conservation of human's life environment by planting of suitable trees, shrubs, and other vegetations around the roads. It is essentially required to improve the present p]anting practices for establishment of the beautiful road landscape features, specially in planning, design, execution, establishment, and maintenance of plantings of the environmental conservation belts, roadside trees, footpathes, median strips, traffic islands, interchanges, rest areas, and including the adjoining route roads.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 1997

Purpose : The incidence of tuberculous meningitis in Korean children has been markedly decreased after 1980s, but this disease has still occurred with low rate. Therefore, it may be suspected that delayed diagnosis and treatment will be happened because of lacking of clinical experiences and indistinguishable other meningitis, so it is important to make early diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous meningitis concerning with the prognosis. In this aspect, we conducted study to concern and investigate sustainly about the diagnostic criteria, clinical characteristics, radiological findings, complications, and prognosis of typical or atypical tuberculous meningitis in children. Methods : Forty four children who were hospitalized and treated due to tuberculous meningitis in pediatric wards of Our Lady of Mercy Hospital, St. Holy Hospital, St. Vincent Hospital and Uijungbu St. Mary Hospital from January 1985 to June 1996 were included in this study. We reviewed medical records of these patients retrospectively. Results : 1) The tuberculous meningitis has occured continuosly since mid-1980s. The highest 2) The diagnosis was made by contact history of active tuberculous patients, positive tuberculin test, responses of antituberculous antibiotics and discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from CSF or other specimens. Among patients, 7 children(16%) were not vaccinated with BCG, and only 18 children(40%) were positive in tuberculin test. 3) The symptoms and signs of our patients on initial examinations were fever, vomiting, headache, lethargy, poor feeding, weight loss, neck stiffness, convulsion, abdominal pain and motor deficits. 4) The findings of initial CSF samples revealed leukocyte $239.5/mm^3$(mean) with lymphocyte predominant, elevated protein levels(mean;259.5mg%) and low sugar level(mean;40.7mg%). And the ratio of CSF/blood sugar was 0.407. But, atypical CSF findings were seen in 31.8% patients. 5) On brain imaging study, 34 out of 39 children had findings of hydrocephalus, basilar meningeal enhancement, infarction and subarachnoidal inflammations etc. On chest X-ray, the findings of miliary tuberculosis(34.1%), normal finding(29.5%), parenchymal infiltrations (11.4%) and calcifications(9.1%) were showed. 6) In neurological clinical stage, there were twenty-six children(59%) in stage 1, fourteen children(32%) in stage 2 and four children(9%) in stage 3. The late sequeles were encountered by 29.5% with mild and 4.6% with severe neurological injury. The most common neurological injury was quadriplegia and the mortality rate was 6.8%. 7) The SIADH was developed in 20 children(45.5%) after the 4th hospital day. Half of all SIADH patients were symptomatic. Conclusion : Tuberculosis meningitis is still an important extrapulmonary disease with high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis with clinical contact history of active tuberculosis and radiological imaging examinations and early treatments are essential in order to prevent and decrase the rate of late sequeles and death.