• Title/Summary/Keyword: 분극

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Determination of optimum protection potential for cathodic protection of offshore wind-turbine-tower steel substructure by using potentiostatic method (정전위법에 의한 해상풍력 타워 구조물용 강재의 음극방식을 위한 최적방식전위 결정)

  • Lee, Jung-Hyung;Jung, Kwang-hu;Park, Jae-Cheul;Kim, Seong-Jong
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.230-237
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    • 2017
  • In this study, electrochemical methods were used to determine the optimum protection potential of S355ML steel for the cathodic protection of offshore wind-turbine-tower substructures. The results of potentiodynamic polarization experiments indicated that the anodic polarization curve did not represent a passivation behavior, while under the cathodic polarization concentration, polarization was observed due to the reduction of dissolved oxygen, followed by activation polarization by hydrogen evolution as the potential shifted towards the active direction. The concentration polarization region was found to be located between approximately -0.72 V and -1.0 V, and this potential range is considered to be the potential range for cathodic protection using the impressed current cathodic protection method. The results of the potentiostatic experiments at various potentials revealed that varying current density tended to become stable with time. Surface characterization after the potentiostatic experiment for 1200 s, by using a scanning electron microscope and a 3D analysis microscope confirmed that corrosion damage occurred as a result of anodic dissolution under an anodic polarization potential range of 0 to -0.50 V, which corresponds to anodic polarization. Under potentials corresponding to cathodic polarization, however, a relatively intact surface was observed with the formation of calcareous deposits. As a result, the potential range between -0.8 V and -1.0 V, which corresponds to the concentration polarization region, was determined to be the optimum potential region for impressed current cathodic protection of S355ML steel.

Geophysical Logging of Frequency-domain Induced Polarization for Mineral Exploration (광물탐사를 위한 진동수영역 유도분극 물리검층)

  • Shin, Seungwook
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.73-77
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    • 2021
  • Induced polarization (IP) is useful for mineral exploration and hydrogeological studies by visualizing the electrochemical reactions at the interface between polarized minerals and groundwater. Frequency-domain IP (FDIP) is not actively applied to field surveys because it takes longer to acquire data, despite its higher data quality than conventional time-domain IP. However, data quality is more important in current mineral exploration as the targets gradually shift to deep or low-grade ore bodies. In addition, the measurement time reduced by automated instrumentation increases the potential for FDIP field applications. Therefore, we demonstrate that FDIP can detect mineral exploration targets by performing geophysical logging in the boreholes of a skarn deposit, in South Korea. Alternating current (AC) resistivity, percent frequency effect (PFE) and metal factor (MF) were calculated from impedance values obtained at two different frequencies. Skarn zones containing magnetite or pyrite showed relatively low AC resistivity, high PFE, and high MF compared to other zones. Therefore, FDIP surveys are considered to be useful for mineral exploration.

Reduction of anisotropic crystalline quality of a-plane GaN grown on r-plane sapphire

  • Seo, Yong-Gon;Baek, Gwang-Hyeon;Park, Jae-Hyeon;Seo, Mun-Seok;Yun, Hyeong-Do;O, Gyeong-Hwan;Hwang, Seong-Min
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2010.02a
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    • pp.170-170
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    • 2010
  • a-plane 혹은 m-plane면을 사용하는 무분극 GaN LED는 c축 방향으로 발생하는 분극의 영향을 받지 않기 때문에 분극 GaN LED에 비해 높은 내부 양자효율을 가진다. 또한 무분극 GaN는 상대적으로 고농도의 p-type 도핑이 가능하기 때문에 광효율을 높일 수 있다. 하지만 이와 같은 장점에도 불구하고 무분극 GaN는 성장모드의 비대칭으로 인해 높은 결정성과 mirror-like한 표면을 얻기가 힘들다. 본 논문에서는 Metalorganic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD) 장비를 사용하여 r-plane 사파이어 기판위에 a-plane GaN을 성장시켰다. 일반적으로 사용하는 저온에서의 nucleation layer 성장 대신 $1050^{\circ}$의 고온에서 성장 시킨후 일반적으로 사용하는 two-step 성장방법으로 그위에 5.5um정도의 GaN을 성장시켰다. 성장시 Trimethylgallium(TMGa)와 암모니아를 각각 Ga과 N 소스로 이용하였고 캐리어 가스는 수소를 사용하였다. 비대칭 결정성을 줄이기 위해 3D island growth mode에서의 성장조건을 바꾸어 c축과 m축 방향으로의 X-ray 결정성(FWHM) 차이가 564 arcsec에서 206 arcsec로 변화 시켰다. Normarski 현미경으로 표면을 관찰한 결과 v-defect이 없고 a-plane GaN에서 볼 수 있는 전형적인 줄무늬 패턴을 가지는 표면을 얻었으며 광학적 특성을 보기 위해 Photoluminescence (PL)을 측정하였다.

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Measurement of TE/TM Polarization Dependency of Silica MMI Couplers (실리카 다중모드 간섭기에 대한 TE/TM 분극 의존도 측정)

  • 전진우;홍종균;곽수진;이상선;이두한
    • Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2002.07a
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    • pp.190-191
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    • 2002
  • 광소자 설계 시 TE/TM 분극에 대한 민감도는 매우 중요한 요소로 작용을 한다. 이러한 민감도를 줄이기 위해 많은 광소자에 다중모드 간섭기가 이용되고 있다. 다중모드 간섭기에 입력되는 신호는 TE와 TM 두 모드의 분극으로 이루어져 있으며, 각각은 도파로 내에 존재하는 모드에 실려 50:50의 파워 분배를 가지고 진행하게 된다. 그러므로 광소자를 제작하기 위해 TE 또는 TM 모드만을 고려하는 것은 소자의 효율을 떨어뜨리는 요인으로 작용한다. (중략)

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The Influence of External Stress on the Degradation Phenomena of PZT Ceramics (외부응력에 의한 PZT압전세라믹스의 열화현상)

  • Im, Jin-Ho;Lee, Jun-Hyeong;Kim, Jin-Ho;Jo, Sang-Hui
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.439-444
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    • 1994
  • The influence of the direction of applied compressive stress on degradation mechanism ofpoled PZT sample was studied. When compressive stress perpendicular to poling direction was appliedon poled PZT sample, the degradation phenomena was explained by the diffusion of space chargepolarization. On the contrary, compressive stress parallel to poling direction was applied, it wasexplained by the rearrangement of 90" domains. As the grain size increased, the degradation phenomenawas promoted. It is attributed to different internal stress due to difference of grain size. of grain size.

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Separation of Seismic Signals using a Polarization Filter based on the Complex Trace Analysis Method (복소트레이스 분극필터를 이용한 다성분 탄성파자료 신호분리)

  • Kim, Ki-Young;Lee, So-Young
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.05a
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    • pp.233-236
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    • 2005
  • Polarization filtering based on the multicomponent complex trace analysis method is performed to reject Rayleigh waves and to enhance S waves. To test the polarization filter, synthetic seismic data were constructed for a simple two-layer model based on the finite difference method. Rayleigh waves with elliptic motion are eliminated effectively and P and S waves with linear motions are well separated each other.

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Characteristics of quasi-MFISFET device with various ferroelecric thin films (강유전체 박막의 특성에 따른 Quasi-MFISFET 소자의 특성)

  • Lee, Guk Pyo;Yun, Yeong Seop;Gang, Seong Jun
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.12-12
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    • 2001
  • PLZT(10/30/70), PLT(10) 및 PZT(30/70) 와 같은 강유전체 박막의 이력곡선을 field-dependent polarization 모델을 이용하여 시뮬레이션하고, 측정한 실험적 결과와 비교, 분석하였다. PZT(30/70) 박막의 경우, 5V 이상의 인가전압에서 분극의 포화현상이 둔감하게 나타나고 시뮬레이션 값과의 차이도 심해 강유전체 분극이 순수한 dipole 외에도 다양한 전하의 영향을 받아 형성된다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 또, quasi-MFISFET 소자의 드레인 전류는 field-dependent polarization 모델의 강유전체 이력곡선에서 얻은 파라미터를 square-law FET 모델에 적용시켜 효과적으로 추출하였고, 모델링 결과는 실험값과 유사하였다. 그리고, quasi-MFISFET 소자의 gate 에 -10V의 ′write′ 전압을 인가한 상태에서 PZT(30/70) 박막을 사용한 경우, PLZT(10/30/70), PLT(10) 박막 보다 빨리 채널이 형성되었는데, 그 원인은 강유전체 박막에 따른 retention 특성에서 PZT(30/70) 박막의 분극 감소가 PLZT(10/30/70), PLT(10) 박막의 분극 감소 보다 약 3∼4 배 이상 크다는 점에서 찾을 수 있다.

Separation of Seismic Signals using a Polarization Filter based on the Complex Trace Analysis Method (복소트레이스 분극필터를 이용한 다성분 탄성파자료 신호분리)

  • Kim, Ki-Young;Lee, So-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.35-38
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    • 2005
  • Polarization filtering based on the multicomponent complex trace analysis method is performed to reject Rayleigh waves and to enhance S waves. To test the polarization filter, synthetic seismic data were constructed for a simple two-layer model based on the finite difference method. Rayleigh waves with elliptic motion are eliminated effectively and P and S waves with linear motions are well separated each other.

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