• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
• /
• 2000.05a
• /
• pp.115-121
• /
• 2000

As the development of industry water quality of river is going to bad because of waste water of an industrial complex and general home agricultural chemicals exhaust of $SO_3$ and CO gas acid rain and so on. Corrosion damage of boiler factory equipment and so forth occur quickly due to using of the polluted water resulting in increasing leak accident. Especially working life of hot water boiler using the polluted water becomes more short and energy loss increases. The cathodic protection method is the most economical and reliable one to prevent corrosion damage of steel structures. Mg-base alloys galvanic anode protection of cathodic protection method is suitable for than application of hot water boiler using water with high specific resistance such as tap water. This paper is studied on the cathodic protection characteristics of how water boiler. In tap water and 0.001mol/$\ell$ NaCl solution the characteristics of anodic polarization of Mg-base alloys galvanic anode and tube material is investigated the measurement of cathodic protection potential according to the time elaspsed is carried out.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.85-89
• /
• 2014

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic test which records the electrical activity of the heart, shows abnormal rhythms and detects heart muscle damages. With this ECG signal, medical centers diagnose patients' heart disease symptoms. A normal resting heart rate for adults rages from 60 to 100 beats a minute. An irregular heartbeat is called "arrhythmia", and arrhythmia is also called "cardiac dysrhythmia". In an arrhythmia, the heartbeat maybe too slow(slower than 60beats), too rapid(faster than 100beats), too irregular, etc. Among these symptoms of arrhythmia, if the heart beat is slower than the normal range, the symptom is called "bradycardia", and if it is faster than the range, it is called "tachycardia" In this letters, we proposed the detection algorithm of cardiac arrhythmia in ECG signal using R-R interval through the detection of R-peak.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2000.12a
• /
• pp.359-365
• /
• 2000

Port facilities and marine structures used in marine environment were encountered to corrosion damages because of the influence of $Cl^-$. Generally, to protect these accidents, mainly applied anti-corrosion paint and epoxy coating. But it was still remained erosion-corrosion damage such as impingement erosion, cavitation erosion, deposit attack. There was needs to develope the new coating materials to protective those corrosion damages. This paper, polyester glass flake, vinylester glass flake lining and epoxy coating for SS were investigated electrochemical tests and cavitation erosion test for corrosion behaviour under sea water. The main results obtained are as follows, 1) Surface of epoxy coating appear erosion pin hole but surface of polyester glass flake and vinylester glass flake lining do not appear erosion pin hole after impingement-cavitation erosion test in sea water. 2) Weight loss of polyester glass flake and vinylester glass flake lining do not occur after impingement-cavitation erosion test in sea water. 3) Corrosion current density of polyester glass flake lining less drained than epoxy coating and substrate under corrosion potential.. 4) Corrosion current density of vinylester glass flake lining with three coating less drained than that of polyester glass flake lining with two coating.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.90-98
• /
• 2002

In this paper, the annealing heat treatments for the best corrosion resistant of Ti(Grade 2) were studied in a 3.5% NaCl solution by electrochemical methods. The annealing heat treatments were accomplished at 650, 700 and $750^{\circ}C$ with different time of 30min., 1hour and 2 hours in a vacuum condition. The obtained results are: 1) in the case of solution heat treated $930^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours in a vacuum and air, the corrosion potentials were -348.7 and -567. 1mV, and current densities 2.32 and $22.62\mu\textrm{A}$, respectively, 2) as increase both annealing heat treatment temperature 650, 700, $750^{\circ}C$ and time 30min., 1 hour, 2 hours, the corrosion potential were decreased, whereas corrosion current density increased, 3) in the case of cyclic polarization, the measured charges were increased as increasing solution heat treatment temperature and time, 4) on the bases of corrosion potential, current density and charge, the best annealing temperature and time were measured as $700^{\circ}C$ and 30min. for Ti(Grade 2) material.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.92-97
• /
• 2001

This paper was studied on the effect of temperature on corrosion of absorption refrigeration systems using LiBr-$H_2O$ working fluids. In the fresh water and 62 %lithium bromide solution at $70^{\circ}C$, polarization test of SS 400, Cu(Cl220T-OL) and Ni-Al bronze was carried out. And Polarization behavior, polarization resistance characteristics, corrosion rate(mmpy) and corrosion sensitivity of materials forming absorption refrigeration systems was considered. The main results are as following: As the experimental temperature increase, the change of corrosion rate of Ni-Al bronze become duller than SS 400 and Cu in 62 % lithium bromide solution. Open circuit potential of SS 400 is less noble than that of Cu and Ni-Al bronze in fresh water, but that becomes noble than Cu and Ni-Al bronze in 62 % lithium bromide solution. The corrosion sensitivity of Ni-Al bronze was controlled than that of Cu and SS 400 in 62% LiBr solution.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.447-452
• /
• 2003

Crevice corrosion is localized form of corrosion usually associated with a stagnant solution on the micro-environmental level. Such stagnant micro environments tend to occur in crevices (shielded areas) such as those formed under gaskets washers insulation material. fastener heads. surface deposits. disbonded coatings. threads. lap joints and clamps. Crevice corrosion is initiated by changes in located electrochemical reaction within the crevice such as a) depletion of inhibitor in the crevice b) depletion of oxygen in the crevice c) a shift to acid conditions in the crevice and d) build-up of aggressive ion species (e.g chloride) in the crevice. In this study. the mechanism of crevice corrosion for Type 430 stainless steel is investigated undercondition that the size of specimen is $15{\times}20\{times}3mm$, in 1N $H_2SO_4$ + 0.05N NaCl solution. and the artificial crevice gap size of 3 x 0.2 x 15 mm. Crevice corrosion is measured under applied potential -300mV(SCE) to the external surface. The obtained result of this study showed that 1) the induced time for initiation of crevice is 750 seconds. 2) potential of the crevice was about from -320mV to -399mV. which is lower than that of external surface potential of -300mV It is considered that potential drop in the crevice is one of mechanisms for the crevice corrosion

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
• /
• 2005.06a
• /
• pp.395-400
• /
• 2005

The ship hull part is always exposed to severe corrosive environments. Therefore, it should be protected in appropriate ways to reduce corrosion problems. So there are two effective methods in order to protect the corrosion of ship hull. One is the paint coating as a barrier between steel and electrolyte (seawater) and the other is the cathodic protection(CP) supplying protection current. In the conventional design process of the cathodic protection system the required current densities of protected materials have been used. However, the anode position of field or laboratory experiment for obtaining the required current density for CP is significantly different from anode position for real structures. Therefore, the recent CP design must consider the optimum anode position for potential distribution equally over the ship hull. The CP design companies in the advanced countries can obtain the potential distribution results on the cathodic materials by using the computer analysis module. This study would show how to approach the potential analysis in the field of corrosion engineering. The computer program can predict the under protection area on the structure when the boundary condition and analysis procedure are reasonable. In this analysis the polarization curve is converted to the boundary condition in material data.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.6 no.9
• /
• pp.885-899
• /
• 1996

초강인 AISI 4340강을 85$0^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 동안 오스테나이징 처리 후 수냉하고, 250, 400, $600^{\circ}C$에서 각각 2시간 동안 템퍼링 처리를 하였다. AISI 4340강의 인장 특성은 상온에서 측정되었다. AISI 4340강 위에 니켈 전해도금된 것과 도금되지 않은 시편의 분극 특성이 3.5wt%NaCI 수용액과 인공해수에서 측정되었다. AISI 4340강위에 니켈 전해도금된 시편은 500mV(vs. Ag/AgCI)이하의 전위에서 부식 저항이 크게 향상되었다. 그러나 1A/$\textrm{cm}^2$의 전류밀도에서 30분 이상 니켈 전해도금된 시편은 도금층에 불순물과 기공이 형성되었기 때문에 AISI 4340강의 부식 저항은 감소되었다. AISI 4340강의 수소취화형 응력부식균열을 여러 작용 응력과 음극인가전력에서 U-bend 시편을 이용하여 IN 3.5 wt% NaCI 수용액에서 조사되었고, 수소취화형 응력부식균열 거동은 주사전자현미경으로 조사되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2012.02a
• /
• pp.335-335
• /
• 2012

높은 효율의 InGaN/GaN 전광소자는 현대 조명 산업에 필수적인 역할을 하고 있다. 전광소자의 효율을 높이는 데에는 여러가지 한계들이 있다. 예를 들면 높은 전류에서의 효율 저하, GaN의 전위결함에 의한 비발광 재결합의 발생 등이 있다. 이러한 한계를 극복하고자 InGaN/GaN 전광소자의 효율을 높이기 위해 사파이어 기판의 표면을 거칠게 바꾸는 방법, 무분극 전광소자, 표면 플라즈몬 등 여러가지 많은 방법들이 개발되고 있다. 본 실험에서는 유기금속화학증착 방법을 이용하여 사파이어 기판위에 Si이 도핑된 n-type GaN를 3.0 um 증착 하였고 그 위에는 9층의 양자 우물 층을 쌓았다. 마지막으로 위층은 Mg 이 도핑된 p-type GaN를 200 nm 증착 하여 소자를 형성하였다. 포토리소그래피 공정과 에칭공정을 통하여 7 um 인 선 패턴을 가진 시료를 완성하였다. 투과 전자 현미경의 측정 결과 맨 위층인 p-GaN의 에칭된 깊이는 175 nm 이였다. 금속박막을 증착하기 위해 열증착 방법으로 금과 은의 박막을 두께를 달리하여 0~40 nm증착 하였다. 금과 은의 두께에 따른 광발광 측정 결과 은(Ag)박막만 40 nm 일 경우 금속박막이 없는 시료보다 광발광 효율이 7배 증가하였고 금 10 nm와 은 30 nm 인 경우에는 3.5배 증가하였다. 또한 패턴의 폭에 따른 광발광 증가를 알아보고 광발광 증가가 일어나기 위한 최적의 패턴조건을 알고자 폭을 5, 10 um 달리하였고, 원자간 힘 현미경과 전자현미경을 이용하여 에칭된 패턴의 폭과 두께를 확인하였다. 본 실험을 통해 금과 은박막에 의한 표면플라즈몬 효과와 광발광 효율증대에 대해 토의할 것이다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.159-165
• /
• 2005

Shot peening can be defined as the process of work hardening of the surface of components by means of propelled stream of spherical shot. Benefits due to shot peening are increase in resistance to fatigue, stress corrosion cracking, fretting, galling, erosion and closing of pores. In this study, the influence of shot peening on the corrosion was investigated on spring steel immersed in $3.5\%\;NaCl$. The immersion test was performed on the two kinds of specimens. Corrosion potential, polarization curve, residual stress and etc. were investigated from experimental results. From test results, the effect of shot peening on the corrosion was evaluated. The important results of the experimental study on the effects of shot peened spring steels on the environment corrosion are as follows; In case of corrosion potential, shot peened specimen shows more activated negative direction as compared with parent metal. Surface of specimen, which is treated with the shot peened, is placed as more activated state against inner base metal. It can cause the anti-corrosion effect on the base metal.