• Korean Architects
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• s.591
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• pp.82-85
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• 2018

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.191-191
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• 2015

무분별한 도시화 및 산업화로 인해 불투수면이 증가하고 있다. 불투수면은 빗물이 투과하지 못하는 지면을 의미한다. 이러한 불투수면은 강우 시 지면에 있는 유해물질이 그대로 인근 수계로 유입되게 함으로써 심각한 수질 오염을 야기한다. 이와 관련하여 환경부에서는 불투수율 관리를 위하여 2013년에 전국토를 대상으로 불투수율을 산정한바 있으나, 소축척 수준의 시 또는 유역 단위 통계만을 산출하였고 대축척 수준의 소규모 개인 필지 내 조경지역 등을 반영한 불투수율 통계는 현재까지 부재하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 인천시 부평구를 대상으로 소규모 필지까지 적용 가능한 고해상도 투수/불투수도를 제작 및 활용하여 용도지역별 불투수율 현황을 분석하였다. 불투수면의 공간적 분포 확인을 위해 토지피복지도, 수치지형도, 항공사진(25cm급) 등을 활용하여 고해상도 투수/불투수도를 제작하였다. 투수/불투수도는 세분류 토지피복지도 제작 지침인 선형 요소의 경우 폭 3m, 면형 요소의 경우 면적 $10m{\times}10m(100m^2)$를 참조하여 제작되어 개별 필지단위의 불투수면까지 확인 가능하다. 이후 용도지역도를 수집하여 GIS 환경에서 투수/불투수도와 중첩하여 용도지역별 불투수율을 산출하였다. 불투수율을 산정한 결과 부평구 전체 불투수율은 64%로 확인되었다. 또한 용도지역도 중분류상 주거지역의 경우 불투수율이 82.1%, 상업지역의 경우 91.7%, 공업지역의 경우 94.1%, 녹지지역의 경우 30%로 확인되었다. 상업지역 및 공업지역의 경우 불투수율이 90%이상으로 불투수면 관리가 시급하다고 판단되었다. 본 연구 결과는 기존 환경부에서 제작한 투수/불투수도 보다 정확한 불투수면의 공간적 분포 확인 및 불투수 면적 산출이 가능하여 불투수면 우선관리지역 선정을 위한 기초자료로 활용 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 향후 연구에서는 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 불투수율이 높은 지역을 우선 선별하여 저영향개발(LID, Low Impact Development) 및 그린빗물인프라(GSI, Green Stormwater Infrastructure)의 활용 방안에 관한 연구가 이루어져야한다. 특히, 불투수율이 높은 상업지역 및 공업지역에 대해서는 연구 결과의 적극적인 활용을 통한 개선이 요구된다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.180-186
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• 2017

We investigated the antioxidant activities of water and ethanol extracts from Spirodela polyrhiza (SP) through in vitro assays. The total phenolic contents of SP water and ethanol extracts were 52.75-293.4 and 60.12-398.4 mg/g, respectively. The total flavonoid content of SP ethanol extract (38.25-159.4 mg/g) was higher than that of SP water extract (38.25-67.75 mg/g). The water and ethanol extracts from SP scavenged the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and 2,2'-azino-di-2-ethyl-benzothia-zoline sulfonate (ABTS) radical in a dose-dependent manner in the concentration range of $100-2,500{\mu}g/ml$. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the SP ethanol extract (2.87%-59.5%) was higher than that of the water extract (4.12%-81.52%). The $IC_{50}s$ of the DPPH radical scavenging activity of water and ethanol extracts were 2,100 and $1,034{\mu}g/ml$ respectively. The ABTS radical scavenging activities of SP water and ethanol extracts were 8.30%-83.16% and 13.11%-8.34% respectively. The $IC_{50}s$ of the ABTS radical scavenging activity of SP water and ethanol extracts were 798.7 and $457.1{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The reducing power activities of SP water and ethanol extracts were 0.055-1.122 and 0.140-1.428, respectively ($500-4,000{\mu}g/ml$). The soybean lipoxygenase (SLO) radical scavenging activities of SP water and ethanol extracts were 157.7%-168.0% and 148.0%-169.4%, respectively. These results suggest that the water and ethanol extracts of SP may be useful as a potential antioxidant.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2020

In the present article, we have analyzed five slags excavated from the Unified Silla period iron smelting site, i.e., location 4-2 of the Inje Bupyeong-ri site, to investigate the iron smelting process. The total Fe content of the slag excavated from the Inje Bupyeong-ri site ranged between 3.65 and 23.78 wt%, lower than that of typical slag, and deoxidation agent of the slag ranged between 65.92 and 88.96 wt%, higher than that of typical slag. These results suggest that the recovery rate of iron was significantly high. Furthermore, cristobalite was detected in most of the samples, and the furnace temperature, estimated by substituting the analyzed data into the FAS and FCS state diagrams, was confirmed as 1,600℃ or more. These results suggest that the operation at the Inje Bupyeong-ri site was performed at a temperature capable of producing cast iron by completely melting the carbon-containing iron. Observation of the microstructure showed that the iron fragments excavated at the Inje Bupyeong-ri site were identified as white cast iron. Steadite from the ternary iron-carbon-phosphorus system was observed in the white cast iron structure. These results show that indirect smelting was performed when the iron smelting by-products were produced. Based on the analysis results, it was confirmed that the Inje Bupyeong-ri site was the indirect smelting site in the Unified Silla period.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.154-155
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• 1994

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 1996.05a
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• pp.348-353
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• 1996

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.177-186
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• 1970

Bupyong lead-silver mine is located at outskirt of Inchon, a harbor city on the Yellow Sea about 40 km due west of Seoul. The geology of the area is composed of gneisses of pre-Cambrian age, rhyolite of Jurassic to Cretaceous age which extruded over the gneisses and late Cretaceous granite. Small diabasic dike is observed only in the underground. The contact plane between overlying rhyolite and underlain gneiss is sinuous and generally pitches about $30^{\circ}{\sim}40^{\circ}$ toward east. Conjugate joints and fissures are well developed in the rhyolite striking generally north-southward. Three ore bodies are being exploited and three more are under prospecting. These ore bodies range from few tons of hundred thousand to million tons in reserve. These ore bodies occur exclusively in the rhyolite along joints as network and/or desseminated type. The lower limit of ore bodies is always delineated at about 20~30m above the gneiss which might be indicative of ore genesis that has not been clearly explained so far. Two hypothesis on ore genesis could, however, be considered: firstly lithologic difference in the rhyolite might be a manifestation of different flows along which ore solution ascended and replaced along joints; secondly diabasic dike has acted as ore bringer since the dike contains considerable amount of silver, lead and zine. Ore minerals are galena and native silver accompanied by pyrite, argentite, pyragyrite and magnetite. It is believed that pyritization took place in advance to main mineralization, and ore deposit is classified as meso- to epi-thermal type.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2014

The paper analyzed the excavational data from Bupyeong-office in Ulsan county in Chosun Dynasty, examined the composition of the community estimated at station community, and studied the duration of the community by using the excavated relics. In addition, the paper compared the excavational data with documentary records, studied the location Bupyeong-office, and investigated the size of station community overall. Community compositions such as buildings, residential place, pits, stoves, hemp kilns, cremation tombs, and farming appliances were identified. When compared to excavated relics such as tiles, white porcelain jars, agrayish-blue-powdered celadons, and celadon porcelains from building, residance, and pits, the community existed during 14C~17C. The station location was on the west side to the quarters for Byongmajuldosa of the Left Gyeongsangdo at King's location according to the old maps and documentary records. It is widely expected that No, 201 foundation stone buildings at Pyungsan relic I was related to the station because there was a distinctions on the stone pillar waterway and high quality of location in the size(the front 9 sections ${\times}$ the side 1 section) and the community. According to the building's functions and duplication relations in the community, it is regarded that there were 33~40 ground buildings, 40~45 pitting buildings, storages or 15~30 other purpose buildings, and 5~7 public buildings around No, 210 building in Bupyeong-office town.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.7-20
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• 2021

Since 1939, Bupeyong was rapidly urbanized and industrialized for the purpose of constructing military logistics base of the empire of Japan. Based on Kyungin urban planning of 1940 and industrial land development plan of Kyeonggido, many military factories and arsenal were constructed, and great amount of housing were also built for their workers from 1939 to 1944. Although the initial urban planning was unfinished, urban change from rural area to military industrial city in the late Japanese colonial era, made identity of city of Bupyeong. Workers houses which built during five years vary in different size and type, and somewhat reflects discussions about housing attempts to solve the housing shortage. This study aims to analyze architectural characteristics of workers housing related with discussions of housing, and to evaluate its value as an industrial heritage which constitute the urban landscape of the industrial city of Bupyeong. Workers houses in Bupyeong were constructed by military factories, construction company, and Chosun housing administration, with land readjustment planning. As the war became serious, workers housing became smaller and simpler. Construction of workers housing was essential part of modern military industrial city, bupyeong, and many of workers housing are still remained whereas most of factories were demolished, thus workers housing of bupyeong has significant meaning as industrial heritage of Bupyeong.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.68
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• pp.145-171
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• 2017

This study aims to clarify the meaning of the Anapji which was one of the scenic places of historical interest during Silla Dynasty and of the Anapbupyeong(雁鴨浮萍) which was one of the greatest seven miracles (Dong-do-chil-gue(東都七怪) through appearance of the Anapji in poems. Anapji lies its original meanings on Anhaji(安夏池) and then it was shortened to Anji(雁池), apji(鴨池) while Dongho(東湖) has also been called since it is located in the South of Gyeongju. As of July 2011, the Ministry of Culture officially renamed Anapji and Imhaejeon Hall Site(臨海殿址) as the palace of Crown Prince-Gyonegju Donggung(慶州 東宮) and Wolji(月池) (Historical Site No. 18) and Wolji became the current name. While pond was made during Munmu of Silla, the name Anapji did not exist. Kim Si-Seup (1465~1471) in the early Chosun period referred to the pond as Anhaji(安夏池) and its name started being called as Anapji in the Geography of Korea (Sinjeung dongguk yeoji seungnam,(新增東國輿地勝覽)(Jungjong 25, 1530). Though modern scholar states that it was being called Anapji since there are always many ducks and wild geese in the pond, they fails to present the literature evidences. The author found the line in the poem -Anapji composed by writer Kim Chul Woo, which means that a wild duck and water bird get in and off the pond on their own and the record saying which means Dong-ho(東湖) from the phrase of Dongho-saw-sar-gi(東湖書社記) of Lee Su In(李樹仁)(1739-1822)-Confucian Scholar of Gyeongju was created due to the fact that many wild geese and ducks are flying over. Based on the facts foresaid, the literature evidences for the name of Anapji are presented in the paper. Anapji is a combined word between the Anapbupyeong(雁鴨浮萍) which is a flooding weed and Dong-do-chil-gue(東都七怪). Dong-do-chil-gue is an ancient form of Modern Eight Scenic Views. Eight Scenic Views -Gyeongju Parlgyong is just well-known as scenic places without grotesque elements Dong-do-chil-gue had before. However, the author also found the passage of Ilseongnok: Records of Daily Reflections saying that Anapji has a clod that is as wide as rock(盤石) and the clod also has moneywort on, which are undulating in the wind and clarified how the Anapbupyeong became one of the one of the greatest-seven miracles Dong-do-chil-gue and why the Anapbupyeong frequently appears in the poems of many writers.