• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.1451-1457
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• 2007

The physical and chemical characteristics of powders from hot air and freeze dried leaves and roots of Acorous calamus L. were investigated. Two parts, upper and lower, of leaves, and two kinds of roots, 4 and 6 years old, were dried at 30 and $40^{\circ}C$, freeze-dried, and ground to make powder. Contents of moisture, ash, crude fat, and crude protein in freeze dried powder of upper leaf were 4.87%, 6.73%, 2.22%, and 3.57%, respectively. Water absorption index (WAI) and water solubility index (WSI) in freeze dried powder of lower and upper leaves were 8.476 and 0.077 g/mL. Contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in freeze dried powder of upper leaves were 12.18, 16.86, and 29.11 mg/100 g, respectively. Contents of total and reducing sugar in freeze dried powder of 4 and 6 years roots were $111.89{\sim}119.21$ ppm and $5.02{\sim}5.22$ ppm, $109.92{\sim}114.65$ ppm and $5.21{\sim}5.32ppm$. Contents of total polyphenols and flavonoids in freeze dried powder of upper leaf were 125.02 and $21.02{\mu}g/mg$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.684-690
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• 2006

Eriobotrya japonica has been used as a folk medicine for treatment of skin diseases, inflammation, coughing, phlegm, and ulcers in Korea and other Asian countries. In a search for possible bioactive agents from natural sources, we found that the methanolic extracts from various parts of E. japonica showed moderate antioxidative and antimicrobial activities in several in vitro bioassay systems. Additionally, the respective parts of E. japonica were irradiated at 20 kGy to investigate the effects of irradiation. Gamma irradiation of E. japonica extracts removed the deep greenish color without affecting its natural biological activities such as its antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. Based on these findings, the methanolic extracts of this plant source may be not affected by gamma irradiation as its bioactive constituents may be insensitive to this irradiation. Moreover, the methanolic extract of E. japonica may serve as a good natural resource for beneficial functions in food and other related industries.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.5888-5896
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Yoga and Pilates training on the obesity indexes, muscle mass in each body part and physical fitness of male college students in an effort to provide some clinical information on exercise prescription. The subjects in this study were 20 selected obese male students. A yoga group and a pilates group were organized with 10 students each, and the training was provided for 12 weeks, 5 times a week, 90 minutes each. The findings of the study were as follows: First, both of yoga and pilates made significant differences to obesity indexes(an increase in skeletal muscle mass, a decrease in BMI, a decrease in body fat rate and a decrease in WHR), to muscle mass in each body part(an increase in muscle mass on the right arm, left arm, trunk, right leg, and left leg), and to physical fitness(an increase in lower extremity muscle strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, left balance and right balance). Second, pilates exercised a more signifiant influence than yoga on an increase in skeletal muscle mass, the improvement of muscle mass in each body part(an increase in muscle mass on the right arm, left arm, trunk, right leg and left leg), and the improvement of balance(left and right). Third, yoga had a more significant impact on a decrease in BMI, body fat rate and WHR. Given the findings of the study, yoga and pilates seem to be efficient exercise programs to improve the obesity indexes of obese male college students and promote their health.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.422-430
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional composition and meat quality properties of Hanwoo steer beef by different cut. Ten cuts [Abjin (short plate), Bosup (top sirloin), Cheggt (striploin), Dngsim (loin), Guri (chuck tender), Hongduke (eye of round), Moksim (chuck roll), Sulgit (bottom round), Udoon (top round), Yanaji (brisket)] prepared from 10 Hanwoo steers (28-30 months old) were used for this experiment. The range of pH was 5.46-5.64. In the chemical analysis, Hongduke contained highest protein contents (21.15%) and Dngsim had lowest protein contents (16.94%) (p<0.05). Fat contents were higher in Dngsim whereas those of Guri, Hongduke and Udoon were significantly lower when compared to the other cuts (p<0.05). There were not significantly different in meat color (L, a and b values) properties only except that L values were significantly higher in Dngsim among 10 cuts (p<0.05). Cooking loss (%) was higher in Guri, Hongduke, Udoon and Yangji whereas it was significantly love. in Cheggt (p<0.05). Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBS) was significantly higher in Abjin $(6.24inch^2/kg)$, whereas Dngsim $(3.45inch^2/kg)$ and Cheggt $(3.50inch^2/kg)$ were significantly lower than the other cuts (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in water-holding capacity (WHC) among 10 cuts (p>0.05). Total amino acid contents were significantly higher in Hongduke (p<0.05). Hongduke was highest in most kinds of amino acids, however, Udoon had the highest methionine and histidine contents among 10 cuts (p<0.05). Glutamate contents were high in all cuts and followed by aspartate, leucine and lysin. With regard to mineral contents, Ca was ranged from 47.63-70.69 mg/kg and Fe was ranged from 15.09-26.68 mg/kg in 10 cuts. Zn was highly contained in Guri (50.56 mg/kg) when compared to the other cuts (p<0.05).

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.186-190
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• 1984

Photosynthetic rate of sesame varieties was investigated under the different cultural environments such as planting density or light intensity. The photosynthetic rate of Pungnyeon, monoculm variety, was higher than that of Kwangsan before flowering stage, while it was vice versa after the flowering stage. The maximum rate of photosynthetic rate was obtained three weeks after planting. The effects of light intensity on photosynthetic rate four weeks after planting was not apparent when the light intensity was reduced to the level of 35% and 55%, respectively. However, when the light intensity was reduced to 75% of the normal light intensity, the photosynthetic rate was also greatly reduced. The Photosynthetic rate after the flowering stage was reduced in the order of normal light, 35% and 75%, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.25-28
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• 1980

This study examined the cold hardiness of eight cultivars of common persimmon and six cultivars of sweet persimmon growing at the southern part of Korea, to know the most susceptible tissue part, timing of damage, and the difference in freezing resistance between the cultivars during the winter of '77-'78. The cold hardiness of winter bud, cambium and xylem parenchyma of the current year twig was measured on three collection dates; 10 / 26 / 77, 1 / 26 / 78 and 3 / 26 / 78. The results were obtained as follows, 1. The least cold hardy tissue part was winter bud during mid winter and early spring. 2. On the basis of the cold hardiness of the winter bud sweet persimmon cultivars appeared to be less cold hardy than common persimmon cultivars. In the cold hardiness of cambium and xylem parenchyma, there was no consistance differece between the two group of cultivars. 3. The late frost during early spring appeared to cause the most critical damage to the winter bud of persimmon.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.84-92
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• 2008

Disclosed is a study related to the thermal characteristics of Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentate identifying the presence of any significant difference in the above trees, which are native to Young Dong Province of Korea, according to different regions of the trees such as branches, barks, living leaves and dead leaves. For this purpose, we have carried out a cone calorimeter test focusing on the variables such as mass loss, heat release, ignition time, flame holding time and concentrations of CO and $CO_2$. The results showed that the total mass loss was greatest in tree branches, whereas the ignition time of dead leaves was fastest both in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dantata. The flame holding times of dead leaves and barks were about $640{\sim}1,016s$ and the total heat release of dead leaves was around 60.1 $MJ/m^2$, twice the total heat release of living leaves. In addition, the maximum exhaust concentrations of CO and $CO_2$ in tree branches of Quercus dentata was 2.82 times higher than those of Pinus densiflora, respectively. From the foregoing, it was confirmed that there exist region-specific differential thermal characteristics in Pinus densiflora and Quercus dentata.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.721-725
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• 2001

Physiological activity in different parts of Dolsan leaf mustard (DLM) was investigated. To determine the physiological activity, DLM was crushed filtered centrifuged and then the supernatant was used as a sample. of 1%, 3% and 6%. By adding of improved root juice(20th day) with the concentration of 6% the cytotoxicity against HepG2 was the highest about 78.2%. And antioxidative effects in different parts of DLM was measured by using the DPPH method. Antioxidative effects was higher in all leaves than other parts. In particular antioxidative effects was the highest in leaves of traditional DLM at the 20th day of growth about 80.4%. In leaves of improved DLM at the 60th growth angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory effect was the highest about 94.0%. Consequently there was not significant difference of physiological activity between improved and traditional DLM. However the cytotoxicity against HepG2 was the highest in roots of DLM. And the antioxidative and the ACE inhibitory effect in leaves of DLM were higher than those of other parts.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.253-253
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• 1997

비폐색이 있는 경우 음성이 변하는 것을 쉽게 느낄 수 있지만, 비폐색 때의 음향학적인 특성에 대하여 알려진 바를 찾기는 쉽지 않다. 저자들은 인위적으로 비폐색을 유발하여 비폐색 부위에 따른 비강자음의 음향학적 변화특성을 파악하고 비음도의 변화 정도를 비교하고자 하였다. 정상비음도를 보이는 성인남녀 각 10명을 대상으로, 2ml의 부피를 갖도록 수술용장갑에 Merocel$^{\circledR}$을 넣은 뒤, 이를 이용하여 ostiomeatal unit(OMU)을 중심으로 전후상하 4부위의 인위적인 비폐색을 유발하여, 비폐색 전과 후의 부위에 빠른 차이틀 비교하였다. /나나/의 발성을 각 조건에서 3회 실시하여, 모음중간의 /ㄴ/중 (CVCV) 안정된 spectorgram소견을 보이는 부위를 선택하여, 해당구간의 제1, 제2, 제3 음형대와 각각의 bandwidth 평균값을 남녀별로 비교하였고, 표준비음비율이 알려진 rabbit, baby, mama 문장을 이용하여 비음비율을 비교하였다. 남녀모두 비폐색전에 비하여 OMU의 앞쪽부위를 막은 경우에 제1음형대가 가장 뚜렷하게 감소되었으며, 비음비율의 유의한 감소를 보였다. 비폐색이 있는 경우, 비강자음 /ㄴ/은 제1음형대를 중심으로 주요변화가 일어남을 알 수 있었으며, 비폐색 부위에 따라 비음비율이나 제1음형대 감소의 정도가 다름을 알 수 있었다.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.408-414
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• 2014

The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of different cultivars and parts of broccoli were investigated. The screening of antimicrobial activities for the floret and leaf extracts of 11 cultivars against selected gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enteritidis) were conducted. The AMG cultivar showed the highest antimicrobial activity against S. aureus with the floret and leaf extracts (12.83 and 13.00 mm). Antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes was strongest with floret extract of NJ cultivar (13.58 mm) and leaf extract of YDR cultivar (13.92 mm). Moreover, the size of inhibition zone against L. monocytogenes was bigger than those of 4 kinds of pathogenic bacteria. Both floret and leaf extracts of Grd cultivar showed the highest antimicrobial activity against E. coli O157: H7, but there was no difference between floret and leaf extracts. Floret extract o f NJ cultivar and leaf extract of NY and 0c cultivars were effective against S. enteritidis whereas leaf extract exhibited better antimicrobial effect than floret extract. These results showed that floret extract of NJ and leaf extract of 0c had the highest antioxidant activity which was 39.90 and 43.64%, respectively. The antioxidant activity of leaf extract was 1.5 times higher than that of floret extract. All cultivars except NJ showed that electron donating ability of leaf extract was higher than that of floret extract.