• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.509-514
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• 2006

This research does by purpose that present safe navigation plan for ships during doing dredging construction with dredger crossing waterway of Gadeok. Dredging operations need to build sunken tunnel that cross the bottom of the sea under waterway of Gadeok for access road construction between Busan- Geoje. Accordingly, dredger must cross and dredge waterway of Gadeok fatally. There is possibility of marine accident of collision for latent danger situation of ships to navigate waterway of Gadeok relatively. Therefore, safe navigation plan of ship is groped in reply and its countermeasure is presented.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.47-63
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• 2004

This study focuses on the petrography and petrochemical characteristics of the volcanic and plutonic rocks in Gadeog island, Busan, Korea. Based on textural and mineralogical characteristics, intermediate volcanic rocks can be divided into andesitic lava flows (porphyritic and massive andesites) and andesitic pyroclastics. Felsic volcanic rocks are composed of rhyolite, rhyolitic welded tuff, and tuff breccia. Plutonic rocks are intruded rhyolite and andesitic rocks, and composed of hornblende granodiorite which contains lots of mafic magma enclaves. Volcanic rocks are composed of andesite, dacite and rhyolite having a range in SiO$_2$ from 59 to 78wt.%. The volcanic rocks belong to the calc-alkaline rock series. Plutonic rocks have a range in SiO$_2$ from 63 to 69wt.%. This compositional variations correspond to those of Cretaceous volcanic and plutonic rocks in the southeastern Gyeongsang basin. The trace element composition and rare earth element patterns of the volcanics, which are characterized by high LREE/HFSE ratios and enrichment in LREE, suggest that they are typical of calc-alkaline volcanic rocks produced in the subduction environment around continental arc. We concluded that volcanic and plutonic rocks in Gadeog Island were evolved from orogenic andesitic magma which was produced by partial melting of the mantle wedge in the subduction environment.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.387-394
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• 2013

We aim to unveil dietary history recorded in Neolithic human bone from Janghang site at Gadeok Island, Busan. Excavation of Janghang site at Gadeok Island from 2010 to 2011 is an outstanding discovery in Korean Neolithic archaeology. A large number of human bones (48 individuals) were found at Janghang site, which is the largest-scale Neolithic cemetery in Korea. We extracted human bone collagen from 10 individuals and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis were carried out using carbon and nitrogen analyzer connected to a continuous-flow isotope-ratio-monitoring mass-spectrometer. Although bone histological analysis shows poor preservation state, stable isotope results correspond well with bone collagen quality indicator, which implies that bone collagen reflects lifetime signature. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope result indicates highly marinebased diet(${\delta}^{13}$C=$-14.5{\pm}1.3$‰, ${\delta}^{15}$N=$-17.4{\pm}1.7$‰, n=10), however the possible input of terrestrial animal and wild plant cannot be excluded. Our isotopic findings provide an invaluable information on Neolithic subsistence economy in this coastal area. In addition, Janghang site shows specific features in burial methods and burial goods. Two different burial methods of arranging bodies are found with extended burial type and particularly high ratio of flexed burial type. There are also burial goods such as pottery. However, there are no significant isotopic differences according to burial methods and burial goods. Although this is a preliminary study on this site, our research will provide important clues in understanding isotopic dietary history of Korean Neolithic people.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.109-116
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• 2019

Seongbuk Village and Ungcheon Village are Town Wall Villages that reflect social and historical backgrounds. villagers have formed villages based on community life. The streets and places of the villages are accumulated as images in the memory of the inhabitants. Based on their imagination-concept, 30 sketch maps, reflecting residents' cognitive perception were collected. Analysis of 30 sketch maps shows that other forming of Collective maps. In the past, Villages historical facilities had changed roles, but the relationship between the place and the place has been continuous, and according to the development process of the villages, the relationship between streets and places has been formed. Following this, the analysis methodology of social spaces and sketch will be examined in depth.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.571-572
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• 2012

부산신항의 출입구라 할 수 있는 가덕수로 남단 해역에 해운불경기 등으로 인하여 불법, 무단으로 투묘한 선박들이 증가하면서 인근 해상에서 충돌사고 등을 야기할 수 있는 위험성이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 장기투묘 선박들로 인한 위험요소와 문제점들을 살펴보고, 이를 해결하기 위한 방안으로 가덕수로 항로를 외곽으로 연장하는 접근항로를 설정 운영하는 방안을 제시하였다. 이와 함께 VTS 연계망을 유기적으로 구축하여 남동부 연안해역의 해양사고 위험성을 감소시키고 동 해역을 효율적으로 관리하는 방안을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.10 s.116
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• pp.825-831
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• 2006

This research does by purpose that present safe navigation plan for ships during doing dredging construction with dredger crossing waterway of Gadeok Dredging operations need to build sunken tunnel that cross the bottom of the sea under waterway of Gadeok for access road construction between Busan- Geoje. Accordingly, dredger must cross and dredge waterway of Gadeok fatally. There is possibility of marine accident of collision for latent danger situation of ships to navigate waterway of Gadeok relatively. Therefore, safe navigation plan of ship is groped in reply and its countermeasure is presented. Firstly, navigating traffic in daytime was forecasted less than 20% of its maximum capacity through estimating the traffic volume and traffic congestion The proposal was presented to execute dredging operations in three-step and to establish temporary waterway after reviewing waterway design principles. The role of VTS center was emphasized in the new Busan Port, lastly.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.813-819
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• 2014

The spatial distribution of geographical distances at five natural populations of Camellia japonica in Busan, Korea was studied. The four plots (Mollundae, Gadeok-do, Du-do, and Jwiseum) of C. japonica were uniformly distributed in the forest community and only one plot (Amnam-dong) was aggregately distributed in the forest community. Morisita index is related to the patchiness index showed that the plot $20m{\times}50m$ had an overly steep slope when the area was larger than $20m{\times}20m$, which indicated that the degree of aggregation increased significantly with increasing quadrat sizes, while the patchiness indices did not change from the plot $5m{\times}10m$ to $10m{\times}10m$. The spatial structure was quantified by Moran's I, a coefficient of spatial autocorrelation. Ten of the significant values (76.9%) were positive, indicating similarity among individuals in the first 4 distance classes (80 m), i.e., pairs of individuals with dissimilarity characteristics can separate by more than 100 m.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.5 no.4 s.19
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• pp.29-36
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• 2005

In this study, relations among unconfined compressive strength, strain at maximum strength and depth were compared with each other. Test specimen is marine clay originated from the place near Ga-duck island in Busan city. In addition, influence of impure material contained in specimen and that of total core recovery(TCR) on unconfined compressive strength and degree of disturbance were investigated. As a result of tests, unconfined compressive strength decreases as strain corresponding to maximum strength increases. Also, the deeper the sampling depth and the bigger the TCR, the unconfined compressive strength increases. Especially, as the TCR increases, the unconfined compressive strength Increases and quality of specimen is enhanced.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.547-555
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• 2003

A Port Authority system has been regarded as one of the efficient ways of port management. The Korean government is thus now planning to set up such a system into the Busan Port. Busan New Port is located in Kadok Island but divided Busan and Kyongnam administrative district, so complicated in the appropriate selection to Busan New Port Administration. The research method which was used in this study accounted for overlapping between attributes, and introduced the HFP( Hierarchical Fuzzy Process) method that can perform an operation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.747-752
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• 2003

This study was carried out to understand the stratigraphy and depositional environment of clayey soils that distributed in the Gadeok-do area, Kimhae plain (Nakdong estuary). For the study, SPT core sampling and magnetic susceptibility analysis were conducted. Soils in study area is classified into five sedimentary facies ascending order; sand/gravel. clay, sand/gravel, clay, interbedded sand and silty clay. Analysis of magnetic susceptibility for Gadeok-do clayey soil reveals that depositional process and environment can be divided into upper, middle and lower layer, and they are closely related to the sea level change since late Quaternary.