• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.743-749
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• 2010

The primary object of this study was to develop the control algorithm and program for automatic submersible buoy which is free to move vertically within the water column by adjusting weight and buoyancy forces by air control. The experiment was performed to validate the usefulness of the program in the indoor water tank. In the experiment, the automatic submerging and surfacing of the buoy were controlled by water-pressure gauge and air control system. The buoy is raised by injecting compressed air from a compressor and then is lowered by releasing the air. The submerging and surfacing characteristics of the buoy calculated with the numerical model were similar to measurements obtained with the experiment. It was concluded that the algorithm and program could be useful in analyzing various parameters and submerging mechanisms required to design new type of automatic submersible fish cage system.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.210-222
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• 1994

The characteristics of flows, temperatures, and concentrations of oxygen are numerically studies in the Czochralski furnace with a uniform axial magnetic field. Important governing factors to the flow fields include buoyancy, thermocapillarity, centrifugal force, magnetic force, diffusion and segregation coefficients of the oxygen, evaporation coefficient in the form of SiO, and ablation rate of crucible wall. With an assumption that the flow fields have reached the steady state, which means that two velocity components in the meridional plane and circumferential velocity, temperatures, electric current intensity become non-transient, then unsteady concentration field of oxygen has been analyzed with an initially uniform oxygen concentration. Oxygen transports due to convection and diffusion in the Czochralski flow field and oxygen flux through the growing crystal surface has been investigated.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.18-25
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• 1999

There are a lot of works for predicting smoke movement in a building experimentally and m numerically. It is Vel${\gamma}$ important to predict a smoke movement in a corridor which is c connected to adjacent spaces. A numerical analysis of smoke movement in an enclosed c corridor is perlormed by a field model. The used field model is develo야d with 3-D u unstructured meshes, PISO Algorithm and buoyant plume model. In this study, tern야~ature a and flow field, some important p하ameters such as smoke spread time, hot layer temperature, c ceiling jet velocity were compared with experimental data which were perlormed in Korea I Ins디tute of Machinery and Materials. And average velocity of ceiling jet by this study is c compared with Hinkley's formula. This paper shows a flow characteristic around the soffit a and average velocity of ceiling jet is i따luenced by geometry of corridor, heat output, and d distance from the fire source.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.152-162
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• 1991

A three-dimensional numerical model with free water surface was established to investigate flow characteristics of surface buoyant jets and river plumes. Turbulent shear stresses and turbulent buoyancy fluxes were expressed in terms of the eddy viscosities and diffusivities. Stable stratification effects due to density difference between discharged water and receiving ambient water were taken into with empirical formulae. Through a comparison of numerical results with published experimental data the validity of the model was shown and the optimal stratification functions was determined The three-dimensional spreading characteristics were examined and the effects of inlet densimetric Froude number, inlet aspect ratio and water surface elevation on the flow development were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

An experimental study has been conducted to scrutinize into the influence of ultrasonic standing wave on the propagating behavior and structural stabilization of propane/air premixed flame at various equivalence ratios in half-open rectangular duct. Evolutionary features of the flame fronts are caught by high-speed images, and the variation of flame structure and local flame velocities along the propagation are analyzed. It is revealed that the propagation velocity agitated by the ultrasonic standing wave is greater than that without the agitation: the velocity enhancement diminishes as the equivalence ratio approaches the stoichiometric. Influence of standing wave on the flame overwhelms that of the buoyancy which slants the flame front towards top of the duct, and thus the standing wave contributes to the structural stabilization of propane/air premixed flame.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.18-30
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• 1993

A numerical analysis has been carried out on the Czochralski flow fields when uniform and nonuniform magnetic fields are applied. Czochralski flow fields are governed by buoyancy forces, thermocapillarity, centrifugal forces, and applied magneic fields. In this analysis, pressure and three components of velocity vectors are obtained, and circumferential electrical currents are calculated. When a uniform magnetic field is applied, all the velocity components are decreased and the circumferential electric currents near the crystal surface are increased as the magnetic field intensity is increased. In the case of a nonuniform field, the flows in a meridional plane are suppressed and the circumferential velocity is increased as the non uniformity is increased. The understanding on the Czochralski flow fields under the influence of magnetic fields can lead to the study on the behavior of the concentration of the solute and impurities.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.434-434
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• 2012

현재 지하차도 설계 지하수위는 철도, 지하철 및 공동구의 설계기준과 기존사례를 준용하여 지표면 하 1.0 m를 기준으로 설계하고 있으며, 지하차도 설계시 지하수위 적용에 대한 명확한 기준과 그에 따른 설계와 유지관리지침 등이 마련되어 있지 않아 부득이 기존의 공법을 그대로 답습하고 있다. 또한 대부분 과다설계 요인과 친환경적이지 못하다는 지적받고 있는 부력앵커공법을 적용하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 영종하늘도시 사업지구에 시공중인 지하차도 구조물과 관련하여 지하차도 구조물 건설에 따른 지하수 흐름 변화 특성을 평가하여 유도배수공법의 효과를 검토하였다. 지하차도 건설에 의한 흐름변화 분석을 위하여 3차원 지하수 MODFLOW 프로그램을 이용하였으며 지하차도 건설전, 후에 대하여 프로그램을 수행하였다. 수행 결과 지하차도 건설 전 유역의 평균 지하수위는 지표하 1~2m 이상으로 비교적 높은 지하수를 형성하고 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 유도배수공법을 적용한 지하차도 건설 후 지하차도 주변부 지하수위는 건설전에 비하여 약 3~4 m 하강하는 것으로 분석되었으며, U-type 종점부는 지표하 최소 6 m 이상, 시작부는 지표하 최소 3.4 m 이상 아래에 형성되는 것으로 평가된다. 연구 결과는 향후 지하차도 유도배수공법 평가의 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.148-148
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• 2017

방역 차량의 약액탱크, 차량의 연료, 워셔액 등의 탱크 내부에는 잔존량을 측정하기 위해 기둥과 floating box로 이루어진 부력식 수위레벨센서가 사용되고 있으나 액체레벨에 따라 float이 상하로 움직이는 측정원리상 차량 주행 중 정확성이 매우 떨어진다(Park et al. 2016). 방역차량이 주행 중 분사할 때, 슬로싱 현상과 방역소독기의 노즐과 펌프에서 발생하는 진동으로 인해 기존의 부력식 센서를 이용한 약제 살포량 측정방법은 정확성이 매우 떨어지는 경향이 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 방역차량이 주행하면서 분사할 때, 수위레벨 센서를 이용한 약제살포량 측정의 정확성을 개선하는 것으로 디지털 칼만필터, Low pass filter와 댐퍼를 제작하여 이용했다. 본 연구에서는 압력식 레벨센서를 이용해 약액탱크의 높이당 단면적과 수위를 측정하여 약제살포량을 계산했다. Python 2.7을 이용해 디지털 칼만필터와 Low pass filter(LPF)를 구현하였으며 3D프린터를 이용해 댐퍼를 제작했다. 실내에서 슬로싱 현상을 인공적으로 만들어 필터와 댐퍼의 수위 측정 정확성 개선효과를 확인 후 실제 방역차량에 부착하여 비포장도로에서 주행하면서 분사할 때 필터와 댐퍼의 효과를 확인하였다. 댐퍼의 공극률(p)을 바꿔가며 수위 측정 정확성 개선효과를 확인하였다. 실내, 현장 실험 결과, 칼만필터가 LPF보다 개선효과가 더 크지만 데이터 50개 처리에 1.71초의 시간지연이 발생했다. 댐퍼는 수위센서를 고정시키고 유체의 운동을 방해하여 이상치와 큰 오차제거에 효과적이었다. 칼만필터와 댐퍼를 동시에 이용할 경우, 수위 측정정확성 $R^2$는 0.9985, 0.9981로 ${\pm}4.3cm$의 범위내에서 수위를 측정할 수 있었다. 필터의 시간지연과 수위 측정정확성을 고려하여 데이터 기록간격을 3초로 설정하면 ${\pm}3cm$이내에서 약탱크 내 수위를 측정할 수 있었다. 공극률(p)가 0.294, 0.291, 0.17에서 측정정확성 $R^2$는 각각 0.9897, 0.9858, 0.9872 로 p가 0.294에서 개선효과가 가장 좋았으나 개선효과의 차이는 크지 않았다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.5400-5405
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• 2014

For the development of a floating photovoltaic system, materials with light weight and high tensile strength must be applied to reduce the burden on buoyancy, and material characteristics with high resistance to corrosion in water environment is required. Accordingly, a new high strength steel material with improved strength, durability, manufacturability, and weldability that are appropriate for floating photovoltaic system structures is needed. This paper reports the results of a mechanical load test and steel corrosion test on general steel (SS400) and high strength steel (POSH 690) for the selection of an appropriate steel material for a floating photovoltaic system. The results of a test on new high strength steel revealed excellent mechanical performance compared to general steel. The new steel material was manufactured for use in an actual site, and the weight was reduced by approximately 30~40% compared to existing general steel.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.411-417
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• 2009

The thermo-flow field in road tunnel is influenced by some facts such as piston effect of vehicle's move, operation of ventilation facilities, natural wind and buoyancy effect of fire plume. Among those, piston effect is one of primary causes for formation of air flow in road tunnel and has an effect on initial direction of smoke flow in tunnel fire. In this study to analyze the unsteady flow in the tunnel caused by the run of vehicle, the experimental study of vehicle-induced unsteady flow on a reduced-scale model tunnel is presented. While the three types of vehicle shape such as basic type of rectangular shape, diamond-head type and stair-tail type are changed, the pressure and air velocity variations with time are measured. The rising ratio of pressure and velocity are in order of "basic type of rectangular shape > stair-tail type > diamond-head type". The experimental results would be good data for development of a numerical method on the vehicle-induced unsteady tunnel flow.