• Title/Summary/Keyword: 볶음처리

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Study on the Organoleptic Quality Characteristics of Cassia tora teas by Roasting Conditions (볶음조건에 따른 결명자차의 관능적 품질특성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Jong-Kuk;Moon, Kwang-Deok;Kang, Woo-Won;Kim, Gwi-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.241-245
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    • 1995
  • The roasting condition and organoleptic characteristics in Cassia tora tea were investigated. Intact Cassia tora seeds were composed of water 11.6%, crude protein 13.1%, crude fat 4.4%, crude fiber 13.8%, N-free extract 47.2% and ash 4.9%. Organoleptic qualities in Cassia tora tea were sweetness, astringency, tartness, bitterness, roasted coffee like, roasted barley like and burnt smell. Organoleptic qualities were investigated by descriptive analysis method, too. Overall acceptability was increased by roasting but it was low because of formation of bitterness and burnt smell at excessive roasting conditions. Sweetness was the most important factor in organoleptic quality of Cassia tora seeds and the optimum condition for the best quality was $210^{\circ}C$, 20 minutes.

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국내산 홍화씨 부위별추출물의 이화학적특성, serotonin화합물 및 acacetin의 함량 비교

  • 김준한;김종국;강우원;김귀영;박필숙;박모라;문광덕
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.154-154
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    • 2003
  • 국내산 홍화씨를 부위별(Whole, Coat and Endosperm)로 분리한 후 추출용매, 볶음조건, 효소가수분해 등의 처리조건을 달리하여 추출된 추출물의 이화학적특성과 기능성성분 함량을 분석, 비교하였다. 홍화씨 부위별추출물의 고형분함량은 60%에탄올배유부분추출물이 11.29%로, 19$0^{\circ}C$, 30분 볶음처리배유추출물이 14.53%로, amyloglucosidase 처리배유추출물이 24.21%로 높은 고형분이 추출되었다. 총페놀함량은 추출용매의 에탄올농도가 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향이었고, 80% 에탄올점질추출물이 965mg%로 가장 높았으며, 21$0^{\circ}C$, 30분 볶음처리껍질추출물이 756 mg%로, celluase처리껍질추출물이 1170mg%로 높은 함량이었다. 총플라보노이드함량은 80%에탄올전체추출물이 317 mg%로, 21$0^{\circ}C$, 30분 볶음 처리배유추출물이 488 mg%로, $\beta$-amylase 처리전체추출물이 554 mg%로 높은 함량이었다. 유리당 중 sucrose함량은 21$0^{\circ}C$, 10분 볶음처리배유추출물이 123.4 mg%로, 60%에탄올배유추출물이 57.0 mg%로, Celluase 처리배유추출물이 67.1 mg%로 가장 높은 함량이었고, 또한 glucose, fructose, xylose 및 arabinose 등도 함유하고 있었다. 유기산 중 citric acid 함량은 20%n 에탄올배유추출물이 243.3 67.1 mg%로, 21$0^{\circ}C$, 30분 볶음처리전체추출물이 76.3 mg%로, amyloglucosidase 처리배유추출물이 699.3 mg%로 가장 높은 함량이었고, 또한, oxalic, malic, succinic, acetic 및 fumaric acid 등도 확인되었다. Serotonin 화합물 중 serotonin- I 함량은 100% 에탄올껍질추출물이 431 mg%로, 21$0^{\circ}C$, 10분 볶음처리껍질추출물이 192 mg%로, amyloglucosidase 처리껍질추출물이 256 mg%로 가장 많았다. 또한, Serotonin-II함량은 100%에탄올껍질추출물이 763 mg%로, 17$0^{\circ}C$, 10분 볶음처리전체추출물이 312 mg%로, amyloglucosidase 처리껍질추출물이 456 mg%로 가장 많았다. Acacetin 함량은 80%에탄올배유추출물이 34.9 mg%로, 21$0^{\circ}C$, 30분 볶음처리배유추출물이 221.0 mg%로, amyloglucosidase 처리배유추출물이 27.8 mg%로 가장 많았다.

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Studies on Flavor Components and Organoleptic Properties in Roasted Red Ginseng Marc (볶음처리한 홍삼박의 향기성분과 관능적 특성)

  • Park Myung-Han;Sohn Hyun-Joo;Jeon Byeong-Seon;Kim Na-Mi;Park Chae-Kyu;Kim An-Kyun;Kim Kyo-Chang
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.211-216
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    • 1999
  • The red ginseng marc was roasted at various conditions and its organo-leptic properties and flavor components were investigated. Scorched-rice odor and roasted odor and the roasted red ginseng marc powder were much stronger than those from the unroasted red ginseng marc powder while earth odor, old-rice odor, metalic off-odor and woody odor were much weaker than those from the unroasted red ginseng marc. Savory odor and scorched-rice odor as well as savory taste and astringent taste from the water-extract of red ginseng marc roasted at $200^{\circ}C$ were stronger, but smoky odor, woody odor, biner taste and rough taste were weaker than those roasted at $230^{\circ}C$. Seven kinds of pyrazines, two kinds of carbonyl compounds, seven kinds of acids, two kinds of esters, five kinds of phenolic compowlds, maltol and six other compounds were identified as flavor components in distillate from red ginseng marc roasted at $200^{\circ}C$ for twenty minuties. Of them pyrazines and maltol are thought to be compounds which have characteristic odor such as roasted odor and/or scorchedrice odor in the roasted red ginseng marc.

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Effect of Roasting Conditions on the Antioxidant Activities of Cassia tora L. (볶음 공정이 결명자의 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Myung-Hye;Cho, Jin-Ho;Kim, Bum-Keun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.45 no.5
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    • pp.657-660
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    • 2013
  • The effects of roasting temperature and time on the antioxidant activities of Cassia tora L. were investigated. In comparison with raw seeds (7.15 mg TAE/g), roasted seeds contained a significantly higher total polyphenol content (p<0.05). However, seeds roasted at a higher temperature ($250^{\circ}C$) for 10 min showed a significantly lower total polyphenol content (2.30 mg TAE/g; p<0.05). The electron donating abilities of Cassia tora L. seeds increased with an increase in roasting time; further, seeds roasted for 5 min at lower temperatures showed higher electron donating abilities (80.61% at $175^{\circ}C$; 80.75% at $200^{\circ}C$) than did seeds roasted for 5 min at higher temperatures (76.26% at $225^{\circ}C$; 77.35% at $250^{\circ}C$). Seeds roasted at lower temperatures showed adequate L values, regardless of roasting time; by contrast, seeds roasted for 10 min at higher temperatures, showed markedly lower L values. Our results indicate that roasting temperature and time must be controlled to produce high-quality Cassia tora L. products.

Monitoring for the Color Formation of a Doraji Tea by Soaking of Threonine and Sucrose Solution and Roasting (Threonine과 Sucrose 용액에 침지 및 볶음에 의한 도라지차의 색상 발현 모니터링)

  • Lee, Gee-Dong;Jeong, Yong-Jin;Park, Nan-Young;Kwon, Joong-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.938-944
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    • 1999
  • Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for monitoring the changes of Hunter's color and organoleptic colors of roasted doraji tea with variations in threonine concentration of soaking solution and roasting condition. In soaking and roasting processes based on the central composite design with variations in threonine concentration of soaking solution, roasting temperature and roasting time, coefficients of determinations $(R^{2})$ of the models were above 0.87 (p<0.05) in Hunter's color parameters and organoleptic color. Hunter's color L value of roasted doragi tea was maximized in 0.09% threonine concentration of soaking solution, $142.37^{\circ}C$ and 21.94 min in roasting condition. Hunter's color a value of roasted doragi tea was maximized in 1.24% threonine concentration of soaking solution, $154.01^{\circ}C$ and 28.59 min in roasting condition, minimized in 1.67% threonine concentration of soaking solution, $137.61^{\circ}C$ and 24.62 min in roasting condition, Hunter's color b value of roasted doragi tea was maximized in 1.10% threonine concentration of soaking solution, $154.72^{\circ}C$ and 27.12 min in roasting condition. The maximum quality of organoleptic color of roasted doragi tea was soaked in 1.25% threonine concentration, and roasted at $141.81^{\circ}C$ for 34.14 min.

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Monitoring of Roast Color Formation in Ginseng Using Threonine and Sucrose (Threonine과 Sucrose를 이용한 인삼의 색상 발현 모니터링)

  • Lee, Gee-Dong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.43 no.5
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    • pp.735-740
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    • 2014
  • The study investigated the roast color formation properties of ginseng upon soaking in threonine/sucrose solution followed by roasting. To determine operational parameters, including threonine concentration ($X_1$, 0.1~0.9%), sucrose concentration ($X_2$, 1.0~3.0%), and roasting temperature ($X_3$, $130{\sim}170^{\circ}C$), response surface methodology was applied to monitor color properties, including brown color intensity, Hunter's colors, and organoleptic color. Coefficients of determinations ($R^2$) of the models were above 0.8758 (P<0.05) in terms of brown color intensity and Hunter's color parameters. Brown color intensity of roasted ginseng extract was maximized in 0.70% threonine and 2.32% sucrose soaking solution under roasting conditions of 25 min at $166.03^{\circ}C$. a values of roasted ginseng were maximized in 0.74% threonine and 2.19% sucrose soaking solution under roasting conditions of $165.40^{\circ}C$. b values of roasted ginseng were maximized in 0.61% threonine and 2.28% sucrose soaking solution under roasting conditions of $159.16^{\circ}C$. The maximum organoleptic color score of roasted ginseng extract was 7.27 in 0.53% threonine and 1.01% sucrose soaking solution under roasting conditions of $146.96^{\circ}C$.

Studies on the Improvement of Roasting Condition of Sesame Seeds for Producing Seed Season and Oil (볶음 및 참기름용 참깨 가공방법 개선에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Chang-Hwan;Choi, Kyoung-Jin;Shim, Kang-Bo;Ha, Tae-Joung;Lee, Myoung-Hee;Hwang, Joung-Dong;Pae, Suk-Bok;Park, Kum-Young;Baek, In-Youl
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.56 no.3
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    • pp.205-211
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    • 2011
  • This study was carried out to find optimum roasting condition of sesame seeds for making seed season and oil treated with different temperatures and time intervals. Sesame seeds with 17~18% of moisture content were treated under fixed and changed roasting temperature conditions. The fixed temperatures are ranged from 160 to $240^{\circ}C$ with $20^{\circ}C$ intervals. The changed temperatures were treated at low(160 and $180^{\circ}C$) and medium(200 and $220^{\circ}C$) for 10 minutes, and at high(220 and $240^{\circ}C$) for 3 minutes. Meanwhile, roasting times were 20-30 minutes longer under low temperature condition and 3-5 minutes shorter under high temperature condition. The optimum roasting temperature and time were determined as $220^{\circ}C$ and 3 minutes for producing seed season, and as $220^{\circ}C$ and 5 minutes for sesame oil, respectively, in roasting with small quantity of sesame seeds. On the other hand, in the large scale roasting condition, those showed $240^{\circ}C$ and 15 minutes in for producing seed season, and $280^{\circ}C$ and 10 minutes and $260^{\circ}C$ and 15 minute for producing seed season in white-colored sesame variety and black-colored sesame variety, respectively.

Effects of Roasting Conditions on Components of Safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.) Seed (홍화(紅花) 종실(種實)의 볶음 조건에 따른 성분(成分)의 변화(變化))

  • Park, Jun-Hong;Kim, Ki-Jae;Kim, Jae-Chul;Kim, Se-Jong;Park, So-Deuk
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.194-200
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    • 2000
  • The main objective of this study was to characterize physico-chemical properties, sensory property and oxidative stability of safflower seed obtained by various roasting temperature and time. The contents of water soluble solids decreased in the higher roasting temperature and time. Sensory evaluation of safflower seed roasted in various conditions showed significant differences in taste, color, flavor and palatability. The safflower seed roasted at $190^{\circ}C$ for 20min had the best palatability. At the change of Hunter's values, L values were decreased, and a, b and ${\Delta}E$ values were increased in the higher roasting temperature and time. The content of free sugars such as sucrose and raffinose were reduced significantly in higher roasting time of $190^{\circ}C$ and $210^{\circ}C$. During the storage period after roasting treatment, peroxide values (POV) were highly increased after eight months at the all treatment except for $150^{\circ}C$. Therefore, it is inadequate over eight months after roasting treatment.

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Effects of Chicory Root Water Extracts on Serum Triglyceride and Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein (MTP) Activity in Rats (치커리 물추출물이 흰쥐의 혈청중성지질 및 Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein (MTP) 활성에 미치는 영향)

  • 박채규;차재영;전병선;김나미;심기환
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.518-524
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    • 2000
  • 치커리 물추출물은 실험동물의 지질대사에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있으나, 이러한 영향에 대한 대사가 작은 명확하게 밝혀져 있지 않다. \ulcorner음처리한 치커리(roasted-chicory)또는 볶음처리하지 않은 치커리(unroasted-chicory)로부터 물추출한 치커리 추출물을 5% 수준으로 식이에 첨가하여 SD계 수컷흰쥐에 2주간 자유 섭취시켜 혈청 및 간장의 지질 농도와 간장 MTP(microsomai triglyceride trasfer protein) 활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 체중 증가량, 장기 중량 및 식이 섭취량은 각군잔의 유의적 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 혈당치는 대조군과 볶음처리한 치커리군에 비교해서 볶음처리하지 않은 치커리군에서 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 혈청의 TG 농도는 치커리 첨가군에서 감소하는 경향으로 나타났으며, 혈청 총 콜레스테롤, 인지질 및 유리지방산 농도와 간장 지질농도는 실험군간의 유의적 치이는 없었으나, HDL콜레스테롤 농도는 치커리 첨가군에서 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 간장에서 중성 지질 합성의 조절효소로 알려진 PAP(phosphatidate phosphohydrolase)활성은 각 실험 군간의 유의적 치이는 없었다. 그러나, 중성지질-rich 리포단백질의 합성, 분비에 필수적인 간장 MTP활성을 대조군에 비교하여 치커리군에서 현저하게 저해되었다. 간장 MTP 활성과 혈청 중성지질 농도의 사이에 높은 정의 상관관계(r=0.81)가 인정되어, 본 실험에서 치커리 뿌리 추출물에 의한 혈청 중성지질 억제효과는 간장 MTP 활성의 저해에 기인하는 것으로 시사되었다.

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Antioxidative and nutritional characteristics of Shiitake mushrooms when cooked using different methods (경도 기반 조리 조건을 달리한 표고버섯의 산화방지 및 영양특성 연구)

  • Im, Sori;Chun, Yong-Gi;Liang, Shaoting;Han, Jung-Ah
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.50 no.1
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    • pp.8-13
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    • 2018
  • The textural and antioxidant properties, as well as the changes in functional constituents of shiitake mushrooms cooked by three different methods (boiling, steaming, and frying) were analyzed. The hardness of the mushrooms did not change significantly at the end time of cooking for each method. The antioxidant properties determined by measuring the free-radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content were the highest in the control (uncooked shiitake), and these properties were adversely affected after cooking, especially by boiling. Both the riboflavin and eritadenine contents were the highest in the control, but decreased upon cooking, in the following order: frying > steaming > boiling. The ergocalciferol content after frying was less than that in other samples. Although uncooked shiitake mushroom showed a higher concentration of functional constituents, it needs to be cooked adequately owing to its tough texture. If the hardness of the mushrooms cooked by different methods is the same, frying is considered the most acceptable method.