• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.701-711
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• 2009

The inner space of building is increasingly becoming complex as urban activities increase in variety, and the actual space size also increases. This trend necessitate the utilization of three dimensional position information within the inner space of buildings. Standard GIS web service technology and visualization technology are applied to 3D inner space building data to share these information for better decision making in building related applications such as fire evacuation, facilities management and market analysis. This study aims to effectively model and visualize the three dimensional space of building interiors in the GIS aspect, and to be able to share the information through standard GIS web service. The various elements of inner model was assigned and stored into pre-designed spatial database tables respectively. GIS web server was then configured to service the database which was populated with 3D inner model data. On the client side, 3D visualization modules was developed using a 3D graphic rendering S/W engine.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1482-1488
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• 2009

최근 전 세계적인 기후변화로 인하여 홍수 해일 지진 등의 자연재해가 거대해지고 빈번하게 발생되고 있다. 이러한 점차 대형화되고 다양화되는 자연재해발생시 국민의 생명과 재산 피해를 최소화하기 위한 다양한 방안이 수립되고 있으며, 특히 풍수해에 대비하기 위한 방안으로써 비상대처계획(Emergency Action Plan, 이하 EAP)수립, 홍수위험지도 및 비상대피지도 등 재해지도 제작, 홍수재해관리시스템 개발 등이 이루어지고 있다. 특히 EAP는 이러한 점차 대형화되고 다양화되는 자연재해에 대비하기 위한 방안으로써, 재해 발생시 국민의 생명과 재산 피해를 최소화하기 위해 시설물 지역의 관리주체 및 유관기관이 발생 가능한 비상상황을 미리 예측하고 대응조치를 신속하고 효율적으로 집행할 수 있도록 구성되어 있으며, 이를 시스템화 한 것이 비상대처시스템(Emergency Action System, 이하 EAS)이라 할 수 있다. 현재 우리나라를 비롯하여 미국, 유럽, 일본 등 선진국을 중심으로 댐 저수지 붕괴에 대비한 EAP 수립을 의무화하고 그 대상 범위를 확장하는 단계에 있으며, 홍수위험지도 및 비상대피지도 제작 등에 있어서 일부 선진국의 경우 다양한 시나리오와 시민의 복합적인 요구를 반영하는 시도를 진행 중에 있다. 또한 일부 선진국의 경우 비상대처계획을 반영한 홍수재해통합관리시스템 구축이 진행중에 있으며, 일본의 경우 첨단기술의 접목을 통해 시민의 대피 시뮬레이션 모델을 개발하는 단계에 이르고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 풍수해에 대비해 수립된 국내 외 EAP, 재해관련 지도, 홍수재해관리시스템 등에 대한 사례조사를 통하여 통합적인 비상대처 및 관리가 가능한 표준화된 EAS 모델의 정립 방향을 모색하고자 한다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.23-38
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• 2018

Up to now, most of studies on seismic analysis have been limited to analyze buildings and underground structures individually so that the interaction between them could not be analyzed effectively. Thus, in this study, a dynamic analysis was conducted for soil-structure interaction with a complex underground facility composed of a building and an adjacent underground structure constructed on a surface soil and the bed rock ground conditions. Seismic stability was analyzed based on interstory drift ratio and bending stress of structure members. As a result, an underground structure has more effect on a high-rise building than a low-rise building. However the above structures were proved to be favorable for seismic stability. On the other hand, tensile bending stresses exceeded the allowable value at the underground part of the building and the adjacent underground structure so that it turned out that the underground part could be weaker than the above part. Therefore, it is inferred that above and underground structures should be analyzed simultaneously for better prediction of their interaction behavior during seismic analyses because there exist various structures around buildings in big cities.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.113-122
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• 2015

Recently, according to developing advanced construction technologies, buildings has been enlarged such as high-rise buildings or complex buildings associated with underground facilities. The number of indoor activity population has increased very quickly. Because of that, technical requirements for Indoor location based service (Indoor LBS) also have been increased. Although indoor networks have to be constructed for efficient LBSs in indoor space based on OGC IndoorGML, it is not suitable for large and complex space to apply the simple network structure to constructing indoor navigation networks. The indoor navigation network has to be constructed according to logical, physical, and functional constraints for indoor space. In order to do that, subspacing methods are required to partition large and complex indoor space into proper size of subspace. In this paper, we proposed the basic requirements of subspacing in indoor space for creating efficient indoor network, as well the work process of subspacing in indoor space.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.205-210
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• 2015

The auto industry has significantly evolved to the extent that much attention is paid to M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication. In M2M communication which was first used in meteorology, environment, logistics, national defense, agriculture and stockbreeding, devices automatically communicate and operate in accordance with varying situations. M2M system is applied to vehicles, specifically to device-to-device communication inside cars, vehicle-to-vehicle communication, communication between vehicles and traffic facilities and that between vehicles and surroundings. However, communication systems are characterized by potential intruders' attacks in transmission sections, which may cause serious safety problems if vehicles' operating system, control system and engine control parts are attacked. Thus, device-to-device secure communication has been actively researched. With a view to secure communication between vehicular devices, the present study drew on hash functions and complex mathematical formulae to design a protocol, which was then tested with Casper/FDR, a tool for formal verification of protocols. In brief, the proposed protocol proved to operate safely against a range of attacks and be effective in practical application.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.47-52
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• 2016

Unusual extreme weather events, which exceed a safe design capacity of the infrastructure, increase the frequency of natural disasters and has also been enlarged damage scale. Aging buildings and rapid urban progress act as weighting factors for the new composite disasters. Technological advances support detecting pre-disaster risk, real-time data analysis, and rapid response to the disaster site, but it is insufficient that emergency relief for buried alive must take advantage of the proven technologies through field tests. This study aims to evaluate directional drilling performance through underground soils and the reinforced concrete structure for primary lifeline installation in order to quickly provide relief supplies for buried alive when urban structures collapse.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.415-420
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• 2020

Crowd flows occur in metropolitan railway transit stations, terminals, multiple buildings, and stadiums and are important in ensuring the safety as well as smooth flow of pedestrians in these facilities. In this study, the author developed a new computational analysis method for crowd flow dynamics and applied it to models of transit connecting paths. Using the analysis method, the potential value of the exit was assigned the smallest value, and the potential value of the surrounding grids gradually increased to form the overall potential map. A pathline map was then constructed by determining the direction vector from the grid with large potential value to the grid and small potential. These pathlines indicate basic routes of passenger flow. In all models of the analysis object, the pedestrians did not move to the first predicted shortest path but instead moved using alternative paths that changed depending on the situation. Even in bottlenecks in which pedestrians in both directions encountered each other, walking became much smoother if the entry time difference was dispersed. The results of the analysis show that a method for reducing congestion could be developed through software analysis such as passenger flow analysis without requiring hardware improvement work at the railway station.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.166-178
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• 2012

In order to simulate storm surge for the west coast, complex physics of asymmetrical typhoon wind vortex, tide and wave are simultaneously incorporated on a fine finite element mesh extended to the North Western Pacific sea. Asymmetrical vortex based on maximum wind radii for each quadrant by JTWC's best tracks are input in pADCIRC and wave stress is accounted by dynamic coupling with unSWAN. Computations performed on parallel clusters. In hindcasting simulation of typhoon Kompasu(1007), model results of wave characteristic are very close with the observed data at Ieo island, and sea surface records at major tidal stations are reproduced with satisfaction when typhoon is approaching to the coast. It is obvious that increasing of local storm surges can be found by introducing asymmetrical vortex. Thus this approach can be satisfactorily applied in coastal hazard management against to storm surge inundation on low level area and major harbor facilities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.3-21
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• 2002

국내의 휴ㆍ폐탄광 수는 2002년 현재 230여 개에 이르고 있다. 이에 따라 갱도, 폐석적치장 및 광산 시설물들은 방치상태로 남게 되며 광해의 주요인자가 되고 있다. 광해현상은 이들로부터 유출되는 산성광산배수(Acid Mine Drainage : AMD), 폐석 및 오염토양의 유실 및 하류부 퇴적, 채굴적 상부 및 인접지역의 지반침하 등이다. AMD는 pH가 6.0 미만이고 총산도(total acidity)가 총알카리도(total alkalinity)를 초과하는 물로서 노천광이 가행되었던 지역, 가행중이거나 휴광 또는 폐광된 광산에서 유출된다. 또한 도로사면 절개부나 지하철 터널에서도 황철석(pyrite)이나 백철석(marcasite)등을 함유하는 층이 공기 중에 노출되면 산성수가 침출되어 나오기도 한다. AMD에 의한 하천수의 오염이 매우 극심하여 때로는 미생물마저도 그 속에 살 수 없게 된다. AMD에 의해 오염된 하천수의 오염범위는 산성수의 양, 농도, 하천에 유입되는 산성수의 분포, 상류에서 흘러드는 오염되지 않은 물의 양, 지류에서 유입되는 물의 양에 따라 좌우된다. AMD 오염이 문제시되고 있는 나라는 미국을 포함하여 호주, 일본, 한국, 러시아, 남아연방 등이다. AMD를 처리하기 위해 여러 기술이 도입 적용되었으며 일부 기술들은 현재도 사용되고 있다. 각 기술마다 일장일단이 있으므로 경비의 과다, 유지 및 관리에 대한 지속성 여부, 공간의 확보 여부, 지역적 특수성에 맞춰 가장 적합한 방법을 채택하여야 하며 꾸준히 채택한 기술의 개량 및 새로운 기술의 첨가가 요구되고 있다. 따라서, AMD 오염지대에 대해 획일적으로 같은 처리방법을 채택하여 사용하는 것보다 각 지역 또는 AMD가 유출되어 나오는 광산폐기물의 특성 등을 고려하여 거기에 맞는 기술들을 복합적으로 또는 단독으로 사용하되 처리방법 채택 시 신중을 기할 것이 요망된다. 우리나라에서도 폐탄광을 복원하기 위하여 여러 시도가 있었으나 시간적, 경제적으로 충분히 고려하지 않아 시행착오을 범하고 있다. 따라서, 복원 대상광산에 대한 실제적인 조사, 평가 및 복구설계의 과정을 예로 들어 적절한 처리과정을 토의하고자 한다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2019

Recently, due to global warming, the trend shows an increase in number of lightning strikes which increase risk regarding industry infrastructures. Especially in case where the lightning strikes infrastructures including refinery, petorchemical plant facilities or storage tanks, it can cause power failures, electrical machine malfunction and damage which can lead to fire explosion and multiple calamities. Therefore, detailed case studies must be conducted through a systematic research regarding lightning strike accidents in order to understand its mechanism and devise preventive measures. This paper aims to study cases of explosion regarding waste water storage tanks in refineries and petrochemical plants in order to analyze its root cause and provide preventive measures for avoiding lightning related incidents.