• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.330-333
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• 2015

An 1 year old intact male mixed dog (weighing 20 kg) was presented with primary complaints of abdominal distension and severe exercise intolerance. Electrocardiogram found profound bradycardia (46-79 beats/min) with atrial standstill. Laboratory studies found no particular abnormalities. Serum cortisol and T4 concentration were within normal range. Diagnostic imaging studies revealed generalized cardiomegaly, ascites, dilation in all cardiac chambers, absence of atrial contraction, absence of transmitral A-peak, mitral and tricuspid valve insufficiency and normal left ventricular systolic dimension. Based on diagnostic findings, the case was diagnosed as idiopathic atrial standstill. The dog was treated with conventional therapy for heart failure.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.81-92
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• 2013

The ultimate flexural strength of HSB I-girders, considering the effect of local bucking, was investigated through a series of nonlinear finite element analysis. The girders were selected such that the inelastic local flange buckling or the plastic yielding of compression flanges governs the flexural strength. Both homogeneous sections fabricated from HSB600 or HSB800 steel and hybrid sections with HSB800 flanges and SM570-TMC web were considered. In the FE analysis, the flanges and web were modeled using thin shell elements and initial imperfections and residual stresses were imposed on the FE model. An elasto-plastic strain hardening material was used for steels. After establishing the validity of present FE analysis by comparing FE results with test results published in the literature, the effects of initial imperfection and residual stress on the inelastic flange local buckling behavior were assessed. The ultimate flexural strengths of 60 I-girders with various compression flange slenderness were obtained by FE analysis and compared with those calculated from the KHBDC, AASHTO LRFD and Eurocode 3 provisions. Based on the comparison, the applicability of design equations in these specifications for the flexural strength of I-girder considering flange local buckling was evaluated.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.737-749
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• 2007

Flexural design of double composite box girder over the interior pier for three-span continuous bridge was performed by the LRFD method. The maximum span length of the continuous bridge ranged from 80m to 120m and the relative ratio of the span length was assumed to be 1:1.25:1. The girder section was designed for the strength limit state and service limit state with additional design check for constructibility. Before the bottom concrete and compression flange showed a complete composite action, the buckling of lower compression flange was checked. The flexural stiffness and flexural resistance characteristics for the section and for the constituent members such as tension flange, compression flange, and web were analyzed for different thicknesses of the bottom concrete on top of the compression flange. The effect of the distribution ratio of steel between the top and bottom flanges was investigated by analyzing ductility behavior and stress distribution through the girder's depth for several different relative area ratios of steel between the top and bottom flanges. It was found that a total amount of 15% of steel can be saved by applying the double composite system compared with that of the conventional composite system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.267-278
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• 2012

In general, the H-shaped steel ribs or triangular lattice girders have been mostly used in constructing tunnels through the NATM construction method. The H-shaped steel rib has higher flexural and axial strength than the triangular lattice girder, but many unexpected gaps can occur in the concrete lining system after shotcreting if the H-shaped steel rib is used as the support system. To achieve better shotcreting quality, the triangular lattice girder was developed. However, in general, the triangle lattice girder has low flexural and axial strength. Likewise, the triangular lattice girder, which has circular sectional members, has so many fractures from welded points at the joints between the members. Finally, the new type of tetragonal lattice girder was developed to overcome those problems. In this study, the structural performance of the tetragonal lattice girders was evaluated through analytical and experimental studies. In the analytical studies, the four-point bending analysis, the traditional evaluation method to determine the flexural strength of the lattice girder, was performed. Moreover, the linear-elastic analysis and stability analysis of the arch structure made by the lattice girders were performed to measure structural performance. Experiments were likewise performed to compare the structural performances of the tetragonal girder with traditional triangular lattice girders.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.3A
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• pp.149-160
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• 2012

Corrugated steel plates have several advantages such as high resistance for shear without stiffeners, minimization of welding process, and high fatigue resistance. To take advantage of these benefits, several researchers have attempted to use corrugated steel plate as a web of I-girders. The lateral-torsional buckling is the major design aspect of such I-girders. However, lateral-torsional buckling of the I-girder with corrugated steel webs still needs to be investigated especially for a real loading condition such as non-uniform bending. This paper investigated the lateral-torsional buckling strength of the I-girder with corrugated steel webs under linear moment gradient by using finite element analysis. From the results, it was found that the buckling behavior of the I-girder with corrugated steel webs differed depending on the number of periods of the corrugation. Also, a simple equation for the moment gradient correction factor of the I-girder with corrugated steel webs was suggested. The inelastic lateral-torsional buckling strength of the I-girder with corrugated steel webs was then discussed based on current design equations for ordinary I-girders and the results of finite element analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.60-60
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• 2003

목적 : 감마나이프 치료계획용 소프트웨어인 감마플렌에서 처방선량을 계산하는 단위와 실제 시간을 설정하는 하드웨어인 조정판의 시간설정 단위의 차이에 의한 실제 처방선량에 끼치는 영향을 계산하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 감마나이프는 주어진 4 개의 헬멧을 가지고 최소 한번 또는 최대 20 번 이상의 방사선 조합으로 한번에 많은 방사선을 목표물에 조사한다. 감마나이프 방사선 수술을 위한 치료계획용 소프트웨어인 감마플렌 5.32에서는 처방선량에 대한 치료시간을 최대 지점 또는 지정하는 지점에 규격화하여 소숫점 두 자리 즉 0.6 초까지 계산한다. 그러나 실제 치료를 위한 조정판의 시간설정은 모델 B 에서는 소숫점 한자리까지 가능하게 되어있다. 그러므로 모델 B를 사용하는 기관의 치료계획 컴퓨터인 감마플렌에서는 소숫점 한자리로 만들기 위해 반올림과 내림을 하게 되며 이것을 프린트하여 사용하게 된다. 실제 임상에서 멀티삿에 대한 반올림과 내림에 대한 효과를 선량으로 환산하여 처방선량에 끼치는 영향을 연구하였다. 치료 계획에 서 처방선량을 입력한 후 계산된 각 조사에 대한 소숫점 두자리 시간을 화면에 표시한 후 스냅tit으로 스크린 캡쳐하여 프린트하였으며, 소숫점 한자리로 된 최종 치료계획을 프린트하여 서로 비교 계산하였다. 결과 : 20 여명의 환자에 대한 치료 결과에 대한 분석은 조사의 수나 처방선량에 관계하지 않고 우연히 올림이 많으냐 내림이 많으냐에 의존하였다. 최대지점에 대하여 분석한 결과는 -0.48부터 +0.47로 -2%부터 +1.9%의 정도로 영향을 끼쳤다. 결론 : 반올림과 내림의 결과는 처방선량을 줄일 수도 있고 늘일 수도 있었다. 그러나 이 연구는 최대선량 지점에 대해 비교를 하였으나 실제로는 각 조사의 위치가 서로 다르므로 영향은 이보다 훨씬 적을 것으로 생각되어 소숫점 한자리로 치료하여도 무방할 것으로 보인다.mm, AP 방향에서는 2.1$\pm$0.82 mm이었다. 그리고 복부의 later의 방향에서는 7.0$\pm$2.1 mm, AP 방향에서는 6.5$\pm$2.2 mm 이었다. 또한 표적 위치측정을 위해서 환자의 피부에 임의의 가상표적을 부착하고 CT 촬영한 영상결과, 프레임으로 가상표 적에 대한 위치를 정확히 파악할 수 있었다. 결론 : 제작된 프레임을 적용하여 방사선투과율 측정실험, 환자 외부자세에 대한 오차 측정실험, 가상표적 위치측정 실험 등을 수행하였다. 환자 외부자세에 대한 오차 측정실험 경우, 더 많은 Volunteer를 적용하여 보다 정확한 오차 측정실험이 수행되어야 할 것이며 정확한 표적 위치 측정실험을 위해서 내부 마커를 삽입한 환자를 적용한 임상실험이 수행되어야 할 것이다. 또한 위치결정에서 획득한 좌표값의 정확성을 알아보기 위해서 팬톰을 이용한 방사선조사 실험이 추후에 실행되어져야 할 것이다. 그리고 제작된 프레임에 Rotating X선 시스템과 내부 장기의 움직임을 계량화하고 PTV에서의 최적 여유폭을 설정함으로써 정위 방사선수술 및 3 차원 업체 방사선치료에 대한 병소 위치측정과 환자의 자세에 대한 setup 오차측정 결정에 도움이 될 수 있을 것이라고 사료된다. 상대적으로 우수한 것으로 나타났으며, 혼합충전재는 암모니아의 경우 코코넛과 펄라이트의 비율이 7：3인 혼합 재료 3번과 소나무수피와 펄라이트의 비율이 7：3인 혼합 재료 6번에서 다른 혼합 재료에 비하여 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 4. 코코넛과 소나무수피의 경우 암모니아 가스에 대한 흡착 능력은 거의 비슷한 것으로 사료되며, 코코넛의 경우 전량을 수입에 의존하고 있다는 점에서 국내 조달이 용이하며, 구입 비용도 적게 소요되는 소나무수피를 사용하는 것이 경제적이라고 사료된다. 5. 마지막으로

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.671-674
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• 2008

Jejunum and fasciocutaneous and myocutaneous flaps are theoretically recommended as esophageal substitutes in reconstruction of the esophagus after several occurrences of failed reconstruction. However, other esophageal substitutes should also be considered. Secondary esophageal reconstruction was successfully performed on a 24-year-old woman who had a history of cervical, thoracic, and abdominal operations and esophageal stricture secondary to several failed reconstructions for esophageal atresia and tracheo-esophageal fistula 21 years prior. The esophageal reconstruction was done subcutaneously by end-to-side anastomosis at the left cervical area using a deformed stomach graft. The patient was discharged with the ability to consume a regular diet after the operation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 1991

The use of the autogenous free fat is a well-known procedure to fill in superficial depressions resulting from the traumatic or congenital defects. The major donor site for this procedure was the abdominal subcutaneous fat or buttocks. In 1977, Egyedi was the first to report the use of the buccal fat pad as a pedicled graft. The buccal fat pad is a structure usually considered to be a nuisance when encountered in intraoral procedures such as facial bone osteotomies, elevation of buccal falp, or procedures on Stensen's duct. In these operations, appearance of the buccal fat pad complicates surgical exposure. The buccal fat pad is a lobulated convex mass of fatty tissue covered by a very delicate membrane, and is described as having a body from which four processes extend. These projection serve as a filling material between the various muscular structures in the area. Recently malar depression was augmented with the pedicled buccal fat pad in 3 cases, and it was used for the reconstruction of the nasolabial fold in one case.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2011

Pultruded fiber reinforced polymeric plastic (PFRP) structural members may be one of attractive alternatives of the structural members in the civil engineering applications because of its many advantageous mechanical properties. However, they have relatively low modulus of elasticity and also cross-sections of structural shapes are composed of thin plate components such as flange and web. Therefore, structural stability is an important issue in the design of pultruded structural compression members. For the design of pultruded structural member under compression, buckling and post-buckling strengths of plate components may be taken into account. In the structural steel design following AISC/LRFD, in addition to the buckling strength, the nonuniform stress distribution in the section is incorporated with a form factor. In this paper, the form factor for the design of PFRP structural member under compression is investigated through the analytical study. Furthermore, the process for the determination of the form factor is suggested.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.24 no.1 s.62
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• pp.15-18
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• 1985

Studies were made on the morphology and life cycle of the mite, Pyemotes tritici $Lagr{\acute{e}}z$-Fossot & $Montagn{\acute{e}}$ (Trombidiformes; Pyemotidea) ,parasitic on larvae of cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne F., which is one of the most serious pests of stored tobacco, cigar, and cigarette in Korea. One generation time was $20.9{\pm}0.7$ days out of which $9.5{\pm}0.3$ days were spent for feeding and $10.3{\pm}0.8$ days for reproduction of progenies. A female of this insect-parasitic mite produced $56.7{\pm}6.9$ progenies during her reproduction period. The body size of a newly-laid male or female was $280{\mu}m$ long and $85{\mu}m$ wide. As female of this mite sucked on, their abdomen grew larger and larger to reach $825{\mu}m$ in width and $0.346mm^3$ in volume after $9{\sim}10$ days. By sucking the humor of a host, the abdomen of a female mite became almost a global shape in two days. The increase rate of abdominal width was the biggest on the second or the third day of feeding while the volume of abdomen reached to the largest on $6{\sim}8$ days after feeding. The largest number of the daily young produced on 4-th day after a female began to reproduce.