• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.245-263
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• 2000

This study was conducted to provide the basic data about the health effects of pesticide exposure among farmers for agricultural health study. We analyzed 412 self-administered questionnaires collected from the male farmers who spray pesticides in Kyoung-ju area, Korea. Survey questions were about chronic symptoms, acute symptoms while pesticide spraying, pesticide intoxication accident, safety rules, protective equipments etc. The correlations among the variables related to pesticide exposure and the factors in acute pesticide poisoning and chronic symptoms of farmers were also analyzed. For chronic symptoms, the prevalence of 'tiredness and languor', 'lumbago', 'nocturia', 'shoulder pain', 'numbness', and, for acute symptoms while pesticide spraying, the experience rate of 'itching sense of skin', 'dizziness/headache', 'fatigue', 'eye glaring' were high compared with other symptoms. For 'experience of intoxication accident by pesticide in family', 7.1% of the subjects experienced the accident and the causes were pesticide spraying, food contamination by pesticide, suicide etc. Among safety rules, 'take a bath after spraying', 'change clothes after spraying' were kept relatively well, and, for protective equipments, hat, boots, mask, gloves, protective clothes(lower) were put on relatively well. The factors associated with acute pesticide poisoning were the extent of keeping safety rules, spraying time, orchard cultivation, agricultural area and spraying days per year etc. And the factors associated with chronic symptoms were acute symptoms while pesticide spraying, agricultural area, farming career, extent of keeping safety rules, extent of agricultural work and the pesticide exposure index etc. From these results, it is suggested that to reduce the health effects by pesticide exposure among farmers, the education to promote to keep safety rules and wear protective equipments, and information services should be recommended. And further studies on the long term health effects of pesticide exposure among farmers are required.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.354-366
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• 2020

It is the purpose of this study to propose improvement options and guidance methods for public design around elementary schools from the perspective of child friendly cities. The study first takes the Convention on the Rights of the Child as a benchmark, and integrates relevant United Nations documents on child friendly cities and those on child friendly cities in Shenzhen to derive five principles of public design around child friendly schools, namely, safe environment, protective measures, pedestrian friendly environment, independent environment for going out, convenient and fun environment. Subsequently, this study investigates the public design of 25 elementary schools in Futian District, Shenzhen, China, evaluates the quality level of public design according to the five principles, and points out the problems that exist in public design with lower quality level. Furthermore, in response to the existing problems of public design around elementary schools in Shenzhen, this study improves them from three aspects: public space, public facilities and public media design. More importantly, the design reinforces the safety and child protection of the environment, facilitates children's walking and independent going out, and provides a convenient and fun design that meets the physical and psychological needs of children, designed to be child-friendly. Not only does this design provide guidance for the construction of the environment around the elementary school in Shenzhen, but also provides guidelines for the construction of a child-friendly city in Shenzhen.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.416-423
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• 2015

The study was conducted targeting 25 patients who underwent the respiratory gated radiation therapy in the abdominal region at Radiation Oncology of a University Hospital from December 2013 to June 2014 and types of cancer included liver(64%), CBD(8%), gastric(8%), GB(8%), pancreas(8%), SMA(4%). The means of ITV and PTV volume are 471.44 cm3 and 425.48 cm3, showing an increase in volume. Normal tissue volume was also found to have increased due to the increase of the section selected from PTV section to ITV section. Right kidney showed a significant increase in differences between increase in normal tissue volume, increase in target volume and increase in therapy irradiation area and difference between the means of dose applied to normal tissue. There was no significant difference in the mean dose applied to normal tissue according to the respiratory average. Both kidneys showed a significant difference in the difference between mean doses of target moving and normal tissue. In this study, both therapy methods through PTV section and ITV section volume setting were appropriate for protection doses of normal tissue and distributed over 95% of the prescribed dose and therefore, it is considered to be okay to be optionally used depending on the patient's therapeutic purpose. But in order to minimize the unexpected side effect, the plan of PTV section and ITV section should be established and used by evaluating normal tissue protection dose.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-32
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• 2006

According to UPOV (International Union for Protection of New Varieties of Plants), mushroom spawn market have to be opened by the year 2009. Number of commercial strains distributed by the year 2005 were 179 of 24 species of edible and medicinal mushrooms. Only nine strains of oyster mushrooms were registered as protected variety, which is not compatible with those recorded in other advanced countries. Meaning of spawn in broad sense contains commercial strains. Development of commercial strains faces two main problems in Korea : One is the complicated genetic patterns and sexuality of mushroom species, and the other is expensive experimental equipments and fruiting body growing houses. Resolution of these problems leads to development of mushroom strains. This could be achieved as follows; genetic resources collection and assessment, molecular characterization of useful genetic characters, development of new commercial strains by hybridization using typical genetic resources, strengthening of breeding research using "Mushroom Breeding Group", management of spawn research company by consortium, foundation of mushroom general industry, promotion of consumption, and upgrade of competition ability for other countries. These points are under discussion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.58
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• pp.171-203
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• 2017

There has been a growing number of research about children's development indicators and child well-being indicators. After the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and concluding observations on the second report of Korea, the effort to monitor and measure children's rights and the use of child rights indicators has increased within policy and academic research. However, few indicators provide a realization of children's rights. The purpose of this paper was to analyze children's own perceptions of their rights and to develop a children's rights index to measure children's rights. In this study, a children's rights index was developed from 38 indicators categorized into nine components and four domains (survival rights, development rights, protection rights, and participation rights) to measure children's rights. Data were gathered from 17,000 elementary and middle school children and their parents in 16 cities. The survey revealed significant differences in the children's rights index by region and age group. There was also a correlation between the economic circumstances of both households and communities and the children's rights index. In the light of the findings, it is suggested that there is a need to increase public investment on children and to raise awareness of children's rights in order to improve children's rights and to decrease disparity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.55
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• pp.87-111
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• 2016

This study aimed to examine how video-recorded hearsay statements are taken in trial with regard to testimony of children less than the age of 13 in terms of children's rights, and to assess policy implications for the purpose of improving the current system. This study analyzed the precedents in accordance with their facts and contents. The analysis of the contents dealt with the main issues of trials concerning the sexual violence of children less than the age of 13. Specifically, This study selected precedents dealing with video-recorded hearsay statements, which are children's indirect statement, as core legal issues; examined the credibility(probative power) and admissibility of video-recorded statements; and prepared systemic alternatives in accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the international standards for the protection of children's rights. As a result, this study proposed creating and utilizing indicators to assess evidence admissibility and the credibility of video-recoded statements in trial, thus reducing judgement through judges' discretion. Also proposed are new regulations with regard to cross-examination coverage of the hearsay statement of a child in a sexual violence trial of concerning children less than the age of 13. This study suggests an improvement in legal policies, based given that children's rights are more vulnerable than those of adults in trial. Nevertheless, this study is limited in that it selected and reviewed only among precedents that are in the public record.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.82-89
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• 2019

This study was undertaken to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with contracting Lyme disease (LD) among Korean deer farmers. This cross-sectional study devised questionnaire that addressed farm activities, was devised and the blood samples of 516 Korean deer farmers were tested. LD seroprevalence was determined by Western blot test. Fisher's exact test, the chi-squared test, and the chi-squared test for trend analysis were performed to assess the risk associated with LD. Of total 516 study participants recruited, only 12 (2.3%) were seropositive for LD. The result of the study revealed that only deer farmers raising Elk (Cervus Canadensis) were found to be at significantly higher risk of contracting LD than other deer farmers (p=0.033). In addition, a male sex, an age of < 40 years, and those that had raised deer for < 19 years had higher rates of LD infection than their counterparts. Similarly, those that managed livestock sheds, fed deer, processed industry and prepared compost had higher rates of LD infection. In terms of protective factors, those who did not use protective measures such as wear glasses and masks, or protective gloves and aprons, and those that did not disinfect work instruments and did not shower after work had higher rates of LD than those that used protective measures. In conclusion, preventive health strategies should take into account the profiles of deer farmers at greater risk based on considerations of personal, type of work, and the use of personal protective measures.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 2022

Currently, the automation and intelligence of the shipbuilding industry have improved its work production capacity and cost competitiveness, but the reduction rate of safety accidents among industrial site workers is still low and the damage caused by safety accidents is very serious, so there is a need for improvement according to the workplace. This research aims to demonstrate the connectivity between smart safety helmets in the demonstration area to verify the effectiveness along with the development of smart helmets for worker protection and environmental safety in shipyards. For efficient communication between workers, impact noise of over 95dB was confirmed in the workplace, and noise reduction was required. To solve this problem, the filtering performance was compared and analyzed using the Butterworth, Chebyshev, and elliptic algorithms. The connectivity test and noise reduction method between smart helmets proposed in this study will increase the usability and safety of the field through the development of advanced smart helmets tailored to the shipbuilding workplace in the future.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2009

This study investigated the protective roles and mechanism of magnolol, from the stem bark of Magnolia officinalis against potential neurotoxin 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK)-induced neuronal cell death. For the evaluation of protective role of magnolol, we examined cell viability, apoptotic nuclei, change of mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase activity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. It was found that 3-HK induces neuronal cell death in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. The reduced cell viability produced characteristic features such as cell shrinkages, plasma membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation. The cells treated with 3-HK showed an increase in the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as in caspase activity. In addition, both are involved in the 3-HK-induced apoptosis. Magnolol attenuated the cell viability reduction by 3-HK in both a dose- and time-dependent manner. Optical microscopy showed that magnolol inhibited the cell morphological features in the 3-HK-treated cells. Furthermore, the increase in the ROS concentration and the caspase activities by 3-HK were also attenuated by magnolol. These results showed that magnolol has a protective effect on the 3-HK induced cell death by inhibiting ROS production and caspase activity.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

Since accommodation, public space and service areas where people stay for all day occupy about 70% of a huge cruise ship, they have to be protected from the fire. International Maritime Organization has resolved that a water mist system should be equipped in this cruise ship according to SOLAS II-2 Reg. 10.6 and FSS code Ch. 7. The water mist system consists of mist nozzles, pressure vessels, section valves and pump unit etc. In particular, the water mist nozzles should be recognized by fire tests in accordance with IMO Res. MSC 265(84). In this study, the fire tests for cabin, corridor, public space and storage area have been conducted to develop the water mist nozzles appropriate to the regulation. Totally 5 types of nozzles were developed and have satisfied the whole performance requirements.