• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.131-138
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is the development of an agent-based pedestrian simulation model. The simulation model is based on the Cellular Automata theory. The model consists of four components: initialization, pedestrian generation, lateral movement, and front movement components. We have applied this model for experiment about pedestrian facility. In particular, we have experimented how the installation of fence is effective to resolve conflict pedestrian movements in different directions. We have found that the installation of the fence as a pedestrian facility can divide conflict moving pedestrians effectively. We have also found that the effect of the fence is bigger in slightly congested pedestrian flows than in severely congested pedestrian flows.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.90-100
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• 2017

This paper investigates pedestrian-thrown distance pattern by pedestrian-vehicle collision position by madymo-simulation. The simulation were performed for every 2.5 cm interval between center and edge of bumper for various vehicle speeds and vehicle shapes. As a result, two critical points where thrown distance change rapidly were found. First critical point locate where pedestrian's shoulder do not contact the vehicle. Second point locate where the center of gravity of pedestrian are close to edge of bumper. Between 1st and 2nd critical points, thrown distance decrease rapidly where collision points move to the edge of vehicle. In other cases, the thrown distance does not change rapidly. This result gives more accurate guideline for pedestrian collision in traffic safety.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.193-196
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• 2009

횡단보도 국부 조명은 운전자에게 눈부심을 제공하지 않고 보행자를 직접조명하여 연직면 조도를 높여 보행자를 인식하도록 하여야 한다. 이를 위해서는 횡단보도 국부 조명의 설치 위치가 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 보행자의 보임이 조명기구 위치에 따라 어떻게 달라지는가에 대해 시뮬레이션을 통해 조사하였다. 연구 결과 횡단보도 국부조명을 자동차 진행방향으로 설치하여 보행자를 직접 조명하는 것이 횡단보도내의 어느 위치에 보행자가 있더라도 보행자를 쉽게 볼 수 있게 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.194-205
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop a pedestrian multi-agent model and simulation system using multi-agent theory, which may be utilized as a planning support system for building a comfort and safe environment of pedestrian street. Differing from existing pedestrian models, however, every single pedestrian was regarded as an individual agent in the model. Multiple agents like multiple pedestrians in the street then maintain their own characteristics and respond to surrounding environment. In addition their moving behavior are made by their own decision rules that they have or had acquired through the interactive communications or learning between agents like real world. After verifying the model validation, as the $R^2$ between the predicted value and observed value was up to 0.781, the developed model was applied to Gazwa district within Gyeongsang university village. The simulation system was developed by Flash MX action scripts and the physical environment of the streets was configured with the digital map and ArcGis within computer virtual space. The attribute data of buildings such as type and size of commercial business were collected through the field survey and combined with physical features. Then the effect of the variation of building attractiveness and the occurrence of street events to pedestrian environment were simulated. Through the experiments this study could make suggestions to improve pedestrian environment.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.41-51
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• 2016

In this study, we propose an improved Floor Field Model(FFM) that considers the physical characteristics of pedestrians, i.e., body size, shape, and posture. Also we analyse limits of FFM and features of improved model compared with existing evacuation simulation models. FFM is a typical microscopic pedestrian model using CA, but it does not reflect the physical characteristics of pedestrians. Because of this, FFM is difficult to modeling phenomena such as collision, friction between pedestrians. As a result, FFM calculates a very short evacuation time when compared with the other models. We performed a computational experiment to compare improved model with other models such as FFM, Simulex, Pathfinder in an actual campus building. We carried out a comparison of evacuation aspect according to the change in number of evacuees. Also we compared evacuation aspect by exit. Finally, we confirmed that improved model reflects physical phenomena which were not reflected in FFM. Especially, experimental results were very similar to the Simulex.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.11-16
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• 2010

Various researches have been performed on the topic of pedestrian traffic flow. At the beginning, the modeling and simulation method for the vehicular traffic flow was simply applied to pedestrian traffic flow. Recently, CA based simulation models are frequently applied to pedestrian flow analysis. Initially, the square Lattice Model is a base model for applying to pedestrians of counterflow and then Hexagonal Lattice Model improves its network as a hexagonal cell for more realistic movement of the avoidance of pedestrian conflicts. However these lattice models express only one directional movement because they express only one directional movement. In this paper, MLPM (the Multi-Layer Pedestrian Model) is suggested to give various origins and destinations for more realistic pedestrian motion in some place.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.54-61
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• 2016

This paper try to identify the minimum speed of vehicles in collision between pedestrian head and windshield at vehicle-pedestrian accidents. The MADYMO program was used with NF Sonata vehicle and pedestrian in height of 160cm, 170cm, and 180cm. From the simulation results, it was found that the minimum speed of vehicle was different for each pedestrian height : 49km/h for 160cm, 41km/h for 170cm, and 29km/h for 180cm. The results could be used in speed estimating process when there is a collision trace between pedestrian head and windshield at vehicle- pedestrian accident investigation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.56-67
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• 2018

In general, fire and evacuation simulators are used independently to diagnose the safety of building. Because this method does not reflect the movement of pedestrians considering fire spread, it is difficult to expect diagnosis of safety with high accuracy. In this study, we propose the simulation method that can describe the movement of pedestrians in the fire emergency. Our method reflects the FDS fire spread data into FFM and explains the situation in which a pedestrian recognize a fire and escapes to a safe route. This study consists of data linkage between FDS and FFM and development of improved FFM. Experiment of the proposed method is progressed using the EgresSIM. Simulation result shows that the number of evacuees on each exit is affected by the presence or absence of fire and it was confirmed that the evacuation time increase and the bottleneck phenomenon deepened by exit.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.105-113
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• 2002

As the number of pedestrian accident increases, the reconstruction of an accident becomes important to find the source of the fault. Generally, accidents are reconstructed by the intuition of experts or primitive physics. A reconstruction method is proposed using sophisticated optimization technology. At first, a dynamic simulation model is established for the accident environment. Occupant analysis for automobile crashworthiness is employed. The situation before an accident is identified by optimization. The impact velocity and the position of the pedestrian are utilized as design variables. The design variables are found by minimizing the difference between the simulation and the real accident. The optimization process is performed by linking an occupant analysis program MADYMO to an optimization program VisualDOC. Since the involved analysis is dynamics and highly nonlinear, response surface method is selected for the optimization process. Problems are solved for various situations.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.409-418
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• 2009

This paper proposes a method to estimate the flow speed of pedestrians in surveillance videos. In the proposed method, the average moving speed of pedestrians is measured by estimating the size of real-world motion from the observed motion vectors. For this purpose, a pixel-to-meter conversion factor is introduced which is calculated from camera parameters. Also, the height information, which is missing because of camera projection, is predicted statistically from simulation experiments. Compared to the previous works for flow speed estimation, our method can be applied to various camera views because it separates scene parameters explicitly. Experiments are performed on both simulation image sequences and real video. In the experiments on simulation videos, the proposed method estimated the flow speed with average error of about 0.08m/s. The proposed method also showed promising results for the real video.