• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.847-856
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• 2016

Recently, with a high level of economic growth, rapid urbanization, population, environment and housing problems were accompanied in Korea. In particular, the traffic problem has become a serious social problem. As the current transportation policy has been carried out, concentrating on traffic flow, in 2015, death rate for pedestrians while walking (1,795 persons) is 38.8% compared to entire death rate in car accident (4,621 persons), so there is need to solve it. Although, crosswalk should make pedestrian cross it safely, it has been made on the basis of the width of road without exact standard for current width of the crosswalk and the location of stop line. Moreover, in the area around many campuses or commercial facilities, crosswalks are set with not considering pedestrian passage, but designed uniformly. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to estimate reasonable dimension of crosswalk considering pedestrian traffic and walking speed and it makes the accident rate lower in the crosswalk, which has a lot of problems including decisions of vehicle traffic signal time, lack of pedestrian's signal timing, pedestrian's crossing of long-distance. The following are the methodology of the study. Firstly, for crosswalk calculation of specifications, examination relating existing regulations and researches dealing with crosswalk, pedestrians and stop line is needed. After analyzing problems of current width of crosswalk and stop line, present the methodology to calculation of specifications and basing on these things, calculation of specifications for crosswalk will be decided. In conclusion, the calculation of specification and improvement of stop line for crosswalk laid out in this study are expected to be utilized as base data in case of establishing relevant safety facilities and standards.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.123-133
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• 2010

The national standards for the installation of pedestrian crosswalks prohibits installation of crosswalks within 200 meters of nearby overpasses, underpasses, or crosswalks. In case the exceptional installation is required, the feasibility study is to be thoroughly conducted by the local police agency. However, it is an undeniable fact that the specific installation standards for optimal types and locations of crosswalks are not yet to be established. This paper examines the development of traffic accident prediction model applicable to different types and locations of bus stops(type A and type B) at mid-block intersections. Furthermore, it develops the poisson regression model which sets the "number of traffic accidents" and "traffic accident severity" as dependent variables, while using "traffic volumes", "pedestrian traffic volumes" and "the distance between crosswalks and bus stops" as independent variables. According to the traffic accident prediction model applicable to the type A bus stop location, the traffic accident severity increases relative to the number of traffic volumes, the number of pedestrian traffic volumes, and the distance between crosswalks and bus stops. In case of the type B bus stop model, the further the bus stop is from crosswalks, the number of traffic accidents decreases while it increases when traffic volumes and pedestrian traffic volumes increase. Therefore, it is reasonable to state that the bus stop design which minimizes the traffic accidents is the type C design, which is the one in combination of type A and type B, and the optimal distance is found to be 65 meters. In case of the type A design and the type B design, the optimal distances are found to be within range 60~70meters.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.2664-2671
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• 2012

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical characteristics and walking ability in the elderly population. Subjects were 77 elderly (38 men and 39 women) who are capable of walking independently with and without walking aids. Correlation and stepwise multiple linear regression analyses were used to analyze the relationship between physical characteristics (age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, muscle mass, waist/hip ratio, heart rate, vital capacity, flexibility, maximum oxygen consumption, one-leg standing time, and strength of knee flexor and extensor) and walking velocity of subjects. Age, height, vital capacity, one-leg standing time, and strength of knee flexor and extensor showed significant correlations with walking velocity of subjects (p<.05). Further, the strength of knee flexor explained 27% of the variance, and up to 32% of the walking velocity could be explained when the strength of knee extensor were added to the model. The findings suggest that walking velocity of elderly depends on the strength of lower limb's strength and a variety of physical characteristics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.204-207
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• 2005

Until present, most studies about energy efficiency of quadruped walking robot are mathematical modelings, dynamic analysis or simulation consumption energy per period by basic efficiency evaluate in this paper, a quadruped walking robot Titan-VIII is used for walking experience. The total moving length is about 2[m]. The stride length is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, walking period is changed by 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0[sec] per each stride length. So consumption energy of 12 cases are measured. The energy efficiency of quadruped walking robot was analyzed by data that is saved by an experiment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.372-375
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• 2010

보안등은 주택가 골목에 안전을 위해 설치하는 중요한 설비로서, 도로 폭이 12m 이하인 장소에 설치된다. 그러내 통행 인구가 없어도 야간시간 내내 점등되고 있기에 낭비되는 전력량이 상당하다. 적외선센서가 부착된 보안등을 교체하게 되면 보행자의 움직임을 통해 일정시간 점등이 되고 이동체가 없을 때는 소등이 되어 전기에너지의 소비를 상당히 줄일 수가 있어 온실가스저감에 기여할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 적외선센서 보안등의 최적 작동시간을 추적하기 위해 보행자의 통행 분포를 알아보고자 연구지역인 경북대 캠퍼스 내에서 사계절 중 여름철 야간 보행자의 통행패턴을 현장조사하여 분석하였다. 이를 통해 시간별, 공간별 분포 특성을 파악하고 도식화하여 보행자의 통행분포 특성을 파악함으로써 보안등의 작동시간 추적이 가능하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2016.06a
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• pp.222-223
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• 2016

보행자 인식을 위한 컴퓨터 비전 알고리즘은 야간 상황과 같이 저조도 환경에서는 인식 성능이 떨어지고 있다. 이로 인하여 최근 저조도 환경에서 촬영된 영상으로 야간 상황에서 객체 인식 성능을 높이는 기법들이 연구되고 있다. 야간 환경은 주간 환경과는 다르게 광량이 적기 때문에 인간의 시각으로도 객체 인식에 어려움이 있고 일반적인 카메라로 촬영된 영상으로 객체 인식이 어렵다. 최근에는 NIR 카메라를 이용하여 촬영된 영상으로 야간 보행자 인식 알고리즘이 개발되고 있으나, 인식률과 객체 인식 가능 거리 및 범위가 한정적이다. 또한 기존의 야간 보행자 검출 기법들은 방대한 연산량이 필요하기 때문에 실시간 객체 인식이 불가능하다. 본 논문에서는 NIR 카메라로부터 촬영된 영상으로 preprocessing 후 ACF(Aggregated Channel Feature)를 이용하여 최근 연구되고 있는 카메라 움직임이 있는 야간 환경에서 보행자 인식 알고리즘을 PC 및 TK1 Board 환경에서 구현하고 객체 인식률을 높인다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.53.2-60
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• 2000

One of the elements requiring the attention of the traffic engineer is the pedestrian. Particularly in urban and CBD locations ,the pedestrian presents an element of sharp conflict with vehicular traffic. Therefore pedestrian movements must be studied for the purpose of providing guideline for the design and operation of transportation systems. This paper addressed the characteristics of walking transportation in a big city. Especially the focuses are emphasized on the ratio occupied by pedestrian traffic among the whole unlinked trips in a city and walking time. The data for analysis are gathered in Seoul metropolitan city sampling 1,006 citizens. Compared with other similar research works this paper utilized diversified tools to acquire more useful results.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.6 s.81
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• pp.509-514
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• 2003

A mathematical model of human gait was developed to calculate the muscle forces of the lower extremity during walking. The musculoskeletal model consisted of 7 segments and 16 lower extremity muscles. The muscle forces variation during the gait calculated with optimization technique showed a good agreement with previously reported experimental results, mostly EMG variation. Moreover, the resulting joint torques matched well with those from the kinematic data and the inverse dynamics.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.7-15
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• 2012

Korean Highway Capacity Manual (KHCM) has been used when we analyze the pedestrian Level of Service (LOS) of a pedestrian facility. However, the pedestrian LOS by KHCM is largely insensitive to pedestrian congestion levels. The objective of this study is to identify the source of this problem within the KHCM calculation method, and to propose an improved method using the case study from Seoul. Based on KHCM results, the pedestrian LOS is A for more than 90% of the Seoul region, which seems to be unrealistic. On the other hand, this study includes an effective adjustment parameter using the absolute value of effective sidewalk width. Using this method, results shows some changes including newly identified areas of LOS C and LOS D. The analysis of pedestrian LOS is carried out for the entire metropolitan region of Seoul in order to evaluate area wide pedestrian level of service in Seoul.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.12-22
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• 2012

Today we are witnessing an increasingly widespread use of cameras in our lives for video surveillance, robot vision, and mobile phones. This has led to a renewed interest in computer vision in general and an on-going boom in human activity recognition in particular. Although not particularly fancy per se, human gait is inarguably the most common and frequent action. Early on this decade there has been a passing interest in human gait recognition, but it soon declined before we came up with a systematic analysis and understanding of walking motion. This paper presents a set of DBN-based models for the analysis of human gait in sequence of increasing complexity and modeling power. The discussion centers around HMM-based statistical methods capable of modeling the variability and incompleteness of input video signals. Finally a novel idea of extending the discrete state Markov chain with a continuous density function is proposed in order to better characterize the gait direction. The proposed modeling framework allows us to recognize pedestrian up to 91.67% and to elegantly decode out two independent gait components of direction and posture through a sequence of experiments.