• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.422-434
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• 2019

Purpose: The consumption of processed foods has recently been increasing due to changes in the living environment. The purpose of this study was to identify the contribution of processed food to the nutrient intake of adult Koreans. Methods: A total of 15,760 adult people in the $6^{th}$ National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013 ~ 2015) were included in this study. According to the Korea Food and Drug Administration's classification criteria for processed foods, the 24 hour dietary recall data of the subjects were classified as processed food or natural food. The processed food intake, nutrient intake and major processed food sources by food groups were analyzed. Results: Men consumed more processed foods than did the women. Consumption of processed foods decreased with age, but it increased with the education level and the income level. The total daily processed food intake accounted for 68.1% of the total food intake. The food groups with high processed food intake were beverage, vegetables, cereals and grain products, fruits, and milk and dairy products in this order. The top food source of each food groups were beer, kimchi, bread, processed apple products, and milk. After adjusting for age, gender, and energy intake, all the nutrient intakes and percentage of dietary reference intakes for Koreans, except carbohydrates, were significantly higher in processed foods than in natural foods. The sodium intake from the processed food was 96.3% of total daily sodium intake. The intakes of nutrients from processed foods, excluding vitamins C, dietary fiber, iron, and vitamin A, were higher in men than in women. The intake of sodium from processed foods was highest for people of 30 ~ 49 years of age, and the intake of sodium from processed foods decreased for people over 50. Conclusion: Korean adults consumed more processed food than the natural food, consuming more calories and most of the nutrients from the processed food overall total daily intakes. The intake of processed foods is expected to further increase in the future, and nutritional education and research on the ingestion and selection of healthy processed foods are necessary.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.333-339
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics of subjective accommodative lags determined by fused cross-cylinder (subjective method), and an open-field autorefractor (objective method) under uncorrected and corrected conditions. Methods: Thirty three healthy subjects (26 males and 7 females aged $23.73{\pm}1.35$ years from 22 to 27 years) participated. Four methods were used to determine accommodative lag: (1) a subjective method with the fused cross-cylinder (FCC) under +2.00 D fogging lenses condition, (2) an objective method with the autorefractor under uncorrected condition (3) a corrected method (effective accommodative lag) using equations presented by Gwiazda et al. in objective methods, and (4) a corrected method using equations presented by Mutti et al. in objective methods. Results: The mean accommodative lags were 0.72 D for subjective method, 0.82 D for uncorrected objective method, 0.88 D for corrected method with Gwiazda's equations, and 0.78 D for corrected method with Mutti's equations. There were significant differences between the objective accommodative lags, but no significant differences between the objective and subjective accommodative lags. The effective accommodative lags showed significant correlations between phorias and refractive errors. The effective accommodative lag by Mutti's equations had a high correlation with uncorrected accommodative lags (r=0.99, p<0.001). Conclusions: The objective accommodative lag correlated with phorias and refractive errors. Especially, The effective accommodative lag using Mutti's equations may be considered for clinical availability and qualitative evaluation associated with symptoms.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.130-140
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• 2020

목적: 본 연구는 65세 이상 농업인과 비농업인의 노화에 따른 취약성을 파악하고 차이를 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 방법: 본 연구는 단면 연구로서 강원도에 거주하는 고령의 농업인 29명과 비농업인 25명이 연구에 참여하였다. 노화에 대한 취약성 평가를 위해 노쇠, 신체 구성, 인지·신체 기능, 심리 상태를 검사하였다. 결과: 집단 간 유의한 차이가 있었던 배우자 유무를 보정하여 편 상관 분석한 결과, 농업인에서만 나이와 취약성 요소 간 유의한 상관관계가 있었으며, 편 상관 계수를 비교하였을 때 body mass index(BMI, r = -0.625 vs 0.026, P < 0.01), 우울도(r = 0.521 vs -0.046, P < 0.05)에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결론: 고령의 농업인과 비농업인의 노화에 대한 취약성을 비교하였을 때 나이와 취약성 요소 간 유의한 상관관계는 농업인에서만 나타나 비농업인과는 차별적인 패턴을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 농촌의 고령 농업인에 대하여 건강한 노화를 위한 예방 및 관리 전략이 필요함을 시사한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.273-278
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• 2017

Among 45 patients of herniation of intervertebral disc with $L_4$ to $L_5$ herniation, who underwent infrared thermography, the number of female was larger than male and the age of 50s was highest. From the results measured from the distribution table, we have confirmed that there was no significant difference depending on sex and age (p> 0.05). The region of the highest ROI temperature for patients with $L_4-L_5$ intervertebral disc prolapse was the back of the posterior right tibia, and followed by the back of the left shin bone-below the front right knee-below the front left knee. There was a significant difference depending on the measured site. The average ROI temperature for patients was $30.30{\pm}0.50$ whereas that for normal persons was $31.20{\pm}0.58$, yielding the temperature difference of $0.66{\pm}0.59$ between the two groups. The ROI of patients was lower than $31.20{\pm}0.58$ (p <0.05) because the significance of the sample, which has been obtained from the results of a sample t-test, was less than 0.05 (p <0.05). From further researches, it may necessary to develope the methodology for correcting data regarding thermal environment and, in addition, to develope a new thermal index based on it. Therefore, we can confirm that pre-treatment for infrared thermography is very important in order to minimize the procedure for correcting data. It is required that radiologists who inspect disc herniations should carefully observe and consider the patients during their measurements.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.141-154
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• 2020

Purpose: Atopic dermatitis (AD), a typical chronic disease in children, is an allergy disease that is highly associated with food. Thus, attention to food intake is needed to prevent and manage it. Therefore, we analyzed differences in food and nutrient intakes depending on AD status in under 12-year-old children. Methods: A total of 2,690 participants were enrolled in this study from the combined 2013-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Subjects were divided into an AD group and normal group (non-AD group). General characteristic, food and nutrients intakes, and prevalence of insufficient and excessive nutrient intake were analyzed using χ² test and regression analyses. The AD odds ratio (OR) for insufficient and excessive nutrient intakes was analyzed using multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: Food and nutrient intakes were not significantly different between the AD and non-AD groups. However, the ratio of calcium intake to recommended nutrient intake was about 70% in both groups, which can be attributed to the overall lack of calcium intake among Korean children. There were no differences in energy or nutrient intakes between the groups, but compared with Korean Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, the appropriate intake ratios of fat and vitamin C in the AD group were higher than those in the non-AD group. The AD OR decreased when fat was consumed at above appropriate levels and vitamin C was consumed at lower or excess levels. Conclusion: In children, AD may be related to the nutrient intake ratio of fats and vitamin C, and we speculate that these results were affected by dietary restrictions for AD management.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.484-489
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• 2004

경사식 방파제에 대하여 수리모형실험을 통하여 방파제의 전사면과 저면에 작용하는 파압을 직접 측정하여 파압의 공간적 분포를 파악하여 보았다. 실험의 길과는 기존의 경사식 방파제에 대하여 파압에 대한 연구는 거의 없기 때문에 Goda(1989, 2002)가 제시한 전사면에 대한 이론식과 비교하여 보았다. 실험은 특정적으로 제시된 방파제 단면에 대한 실험이 아니고, 가상적인 단면을 선정한 후 파랑 및 수심 등의 제조건을 감안하여 파형경사를 산정하고, 이애 맞는 파고와 주기를 산정한 후 제반 해안수리학적 특성중 반사율과 처오름 높이, 사면 및 저면에 작용하는 파압을 직접 측정하여 보았다. 실험결과 전사면에서의 파압 분포는 Goda의 이론식과 경향은 비슷하나 크기는 차이가 나이에 대한 보정은 필요한 것으로 나타났으며, 저면에서의 파압도 측정이 되었지만 이것이 지반지지력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지는 좀 더 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.253-258
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• 2020

Depression is a disease with an increasing prevalence worldwide, and is highly associated with mortality as well as several diseases such as hypertension. The aim of this study is to discover clinical risk indicators associated with depression in the occupational group of simple labor workers. This study used the Seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018) conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In association between depression and demographic information, age, sex, degree of stress perception, and stress perception ratio indices had a very high statistical association with depression, and education level and marital status were also associated with depression. Obesity indices such as abdominal circumference and body mass index were not associated with depression. Among the blood information, hemoglobin and hematocrit were highly associated with depression, and statistical significance was maintained even in the analysis adjusted for sex and age. The results of this study can be used as information for the prevention and treatment of depression in the occupational group of simple labor workers in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.185-190
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• 2006

Most systems in ubiquitous computing analyze context information of users which have similar propensity with demographics methods and collaborative filtering to provide personalized recommendation services. The systems have mostly used static context information such as sex, age, job, and purchase history. However the systems have limitation to analyze users' propensity accurately and to provide personalized recommendation services in real-time, because they have difficulty in considering users situation as moving path. In this paper we use users' moving path of dynamic context to consider users situation. For the prediction accuracy we complete with a path completion algorithm to moving path which is inputted to RSOM. We train the moving path to be completed by RSOM, analyze users' moving pattern and predict a future moving path. Then we recommend the nearest product on the prediction path with users' high preference in real-time. As the experimental result, MAE is lower than 0.5 averagely and we confirmed our method can predict users moving path correctly.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 2012

Objectives: Recent studies have reported a correlation between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) and depression. In attempt to verify the suggestion that eveningness is related to depression, we examined the effect of morningness-eveningness on their depressive mood in patinets with OSA. Methods: The examination was based on the medical records and polysomnography reports of 211 OSA patients. Information was gathered from the patients who filled out the H$\ddot{o}$rne and Ostberg questionnaire (HOQ), profile of mood states-Korean version (K-POMS), and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). We compared mean values of K-POMS total, subscales of K-POMS, ESS, and OSA severity variables among the 3 morningness-eveningness groups (morningness, eveningness, and neither groups). Partial correlation analysis was performed between variables and ANCOVA was performed among the 3 groups after adjustment with age and weight. Results: There were significant negative correlations between HOQ and the followings : K-POMS total, POMS-T (tension-anxiety), POMS-D (depression-dejection), POMS-A (anger-hostility), POMS-F (fatigue-inertia), POMS-C (confusion-bewilderment), spontaneous arousal index, average O2 saturation. There were significant positive correlations between HOQ and the followings : POMS-V (vigor-activity), apnea-hypopnea index, respiratory arousal index, snore time. There were significant negative correlations between POMS-D and the followings : HOQ, POMS-V, stage 1 sleep (%), AHI, TAI (total arousal index), oxygen desaturation index, respiratory arousal index, neck circumference, average O2 desaturation, snore time (%). There were significant positive correlations between POMS-D and K-POMS total, POMS-T, POMS-A, POMS-F, POMS-C, sleep latency, stage 2 sleep (%), heart rate, spontaneous arousal index. There were significant differences in K-POMS total, POMS-T, POMS-D, POMS-F, POMS-C, spontaneous arousal index among the three HOQ groups in ANCOVA. Conclusion: The depressive correlates of OSA patients might be affected, not by excessive daytime sleepiness or OSA severity indexes, but by eveningness circadian characteristics. It would be important to take into account the morningness-eveningness tendency when we manage the depressive mood of OSA patients.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.450-460
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• 1992

The study was performed to investigate the effect of corn bran as a fiber source on the utilization of thiamin niacin and pantothenic acid in human subjects for 8 weeks. Four different corn bran diets were fed : dry milled fine(DF) dry milled coarse(DC) wet milled fine(WF) and wet milled coarse(WC) Basal diet no corn bran bread added was employed as a control Apparent recovery of each B complex vitamin in urine was estimated to evaluate the vitamin and compared. The utilziation of three B vitamins was affected by the corn bran treatment. Dry milled corn bran had a higher recovery rate of thiamin(dry milled : 233% wet milled : 1.70%) than those receiving wet milled corn bran. Similar recovery pattern of niacin(dry milled : 1.94% wet milled : 1.50%) to that of thiamin was also observed. Particle size seemed to affect the vitamin utilization regardless of type of corn bran. Coarse bran gave a lower recovery value than fine corn bran in genreral. For pantothenic acid the recovery of the vitamin was affected to a greater extent by particle size of corn bran than by type of corn bran milling(fine: 60.22% coarse : 51.51%) Groups consuming wet milled corn bran\ulcorner(5`.57%) excreted more NDF than those fed dry milled corn bran(42.29%) Dry milled corn bran showed little or no water holding capacity poor fecal bulking properties and increased fecal transit time. The results suggest that corn bran supplementation exerts an negative effect on three B vitamin utilization.