• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.37-44
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• 2017

Mobile devices provide various services through payment and authentication by inputting important information such as passwords on the screen with the virtual keypads. In order to infer the password inputted by the user, the attacker captures the user's touch location information. The attacker is able to infer the password by using the location information or to obtain password information by peeping with Google Glass or Shoulder Surfing Attack. As existing secure keypads place the same letters in a set order except for few keys, considering handy input, they are vulnerable to attacks from Google Glass and Shoulder Surfing Attack. Secure keypads are able to improve security by rearranging various shapes and locations. In this paper, we propose secure keypads that generates 13 different shapes and sizes of Tetris and arranges keypads to be attached one another. Since the keypad arranges different shapes and sizes like the game, Tetris, for the virtual keypad to be different, it is difficult to infer the inputted password because of changes in size even though the attacker knows the touch location information.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.73-80
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• 2018

Due to the popularity of smartphones and the simplification of financial services, the number of mobile financial services is increasing. However, the security keypads developed for existing financial services are susceptible to probability analysis attacks and have security vulnerabilities. In this paper, we propose and implement a security keypad based on dual touch. Prior to the proposal, we examined the existing types of security keypads used in the mobile banking and mobile payment systems of Korean mobile financial businesses and analyzed the vulnerabilities. In addition, we compared the security of the proposed dual touch keypad as well as existing keypads using the authentication framework and the existing keypad attack types (Brute Force Attack, Smudge Attack, Key Logging Attack, and Shoulder Surfing Attack, Joseph Bonneau). Based on the results, we can confirm that the proposed security keypad with dual touch presented in this paper shows a high level of security. The security keypad with dual touch can provide more secure financial services, and it can be applied to other mobile services to enhance their security.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.30-37
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• 2011

보안 키패드는 사용자가 스마트폰을 이용하여 금융 거래를 할 때 사용자가 입력한 패스워드의 터치 좌표가 노출되더라도 키 값을 유추할 수 없도록 한 보안 애플리케이션이다. 하지만, 현재 상용화된 보안 키패드는 좌표값 노출에 따른 키값 노출을 막기 어려우며, 특히 휴리스틱 분석이나 사전 공격(dictionary attack)등에 취약한 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재 사용되는 보안 키패드의 취약점을 분석하고, 이러한 취약점을 해결하기 위한 몇 가지 개선 방안을 제안한다.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.144-151
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• 2020

User-authentication process is necessary in Fintech Service. Especially, authentication on smartphones are carried out through PIN which is inputted through virtual keypads on touch screen. Attacker can analogize password by watching touched letter and position over the shoulder or using high definition cameras. To prevent password spill, various research of virtual keypad techniques are ongoing. It is hard to design secure keypad which assures safety by fluctuative keypad and enhance convenience at once. Also, to reconfirm user whether password is wrongly pressed, the inputted information is shown on screen. This makes the password easily exposed through high definition cameras or Google Class during recording. This research analyzed QWERTY based secure keypad's merits and demerits. And through these features, creating Tetris shaped keypad and piece them together on Android environment, and showing inputted words as Tetris shape to users through smart-screen is suggested for the ways to prevent password spill by recording.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1152-1159
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• 2019

The Nintendo Switch(NSW), which appeared as an 8th generation console, has succeeded worldwide as a hybrid gaming console. The NSW has E-shop itself, users can sign in to their account and purchase games. The keypad built in the NSW is similar to QWERTY keyboard. In the password input field the input information is hidden, but it's possible to get the value entered from the keypad with shoulder surfing attack. Because of the NSW with many party or family games, there is a high probability that someone else is watching the screen nearby, which acts as a vulnerability in account security. Thus we designed the new keypad which improve from this issue. In this paper, we check the problem about the keypad which built in the NSW, we present the proposed keypad and the compared to the built in keypad by showing the test result of unspecified individuals use.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.21-29
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• 2013

새로운 금융 서비스의 등장은 사용자의 부주의에 따라 악의적인 공격자에게 소중한 개인정보가 노출 될 수 있는 위험성을 가지고 있다. 현재의 금융어플리케이션의 보안은 눈에 보이지 않는 여러 암호 기술을 통해 통신상의 안전한 보안 매커니즘을 구축하였으나 사회공학적인 공격기법에 취약한 면을 가지고 있다. 특히 현재 금융어플리케이션의 키패드는 오타방지를 위해서 입력하는 끝 글자를 보여주고 있으나 이 점은 공공장소에서 사용 시 외부자의 훔쳐보기로 인해 노출 될 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 기법은 기존의 가상 키패드 입력 방법에서 마지막 글자를 보여주는 대신 각 키가 색을 가지고 끝 글자는 키의 색 정보로 대치하였다. 이로써 공격자가 입력란만을 보면 끝 글자를 통해 전체적인 비밀번호를 유출할 수 있는 수단이 사라져 기존의 훔쳐보는 공격으로부터 안전하다. 해당 기법을 실제 안드로이드로 구현 했을 시 기존의 기법에 비해 68% 향상된 보안성을 제공하면서도 기존의 기법과 유사한 정확도와 신속성을 지닌다. 이는 기존의 스마트폰 상에서의 보안 키패드를 안전하게 대체할 수 있는 기술로서 그 효용성이 높다고 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.15-21
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• 2013

Due to the widespread propagation of mobile platforms such as smartphones and tablets, financial and e-commercial transactions based on these mobile platforms are growing rapidly. Unlike PCs, almost all mobile platforms do not provide physical keyboards or mice but provide virtual keypads using touchscreens. For this reason, an attacker attempts to obtain the coordinates of touches on the virtual keypad in order to get actual key values. To tackle this vulnerability, financial applications for mobile platforms use secure keypads, which change position of each key displayed on the virtual keypad. However, these secure keypads cannot protect users' private information more securely than the virtual keypads because each key has only 2 or 3 positions and moreover its probability distribution is not uniform. In this paper, we analyze secure keypads used by the most financial mobile applications, point out the limitation of the previous research, and then propose a more general and accurate attack method on the secure keypads.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.38-45
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• 2022

Due to the development of fintech technology, financial transactions using smart phones are being activated. The password for user authentication during financial transactions is entered through the virtual keypad displayed on the screen of the smart phone. When the password is entered, the attacker can find out the password by capturing it with a high-resolution camera or spying over the shoulder. A virtual keypad with security applied to prevent such an attack is difficult to input on a small touch-screen, and there is still a vulnerability in peeping attacks. In this paper, the entire keypad is divided into several groups and displayed on a small screen, touching the group to which the character to be input belongs, and then touching the corresponding character within the group. The proposed method selects the group to which the character to be input belongs, and displays the keypad in the group on a small screen with no more than 10 keypads, so that the size of the keypad can be enlarged more than twice compared to the existing method, and the location is randomly placed, hence location of the touch attacks can be blocked.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2024

Conventional methods like PIN used in conventional smartphone form factor have not considered the variation in display structure or screen size. As a result, when applied to recent variable display-based smartphones, the secret information input unit may get reduced or enlarged, leading to vulnerabilities for social engineering attacks due to deformation of the display area. This study proposes a secure keypad that responds to changes in display size in rollable and bendable smart phones. Firstly, the security problems that may arise when applying classical authentication methods to new form factors were analyzed, and corresponding security requirements were derived. The proposed security keypad addresses the key input error problem that can occur when the screen size is small. The arrangement and size of keys can be deformed with the spacing suitable for input depending on the display size of rollable and bendable smartphones. The study also considered the problem of leaking input information for social engineering attacks by irregularly distributing key input coordinates. The proposed method provides better user experience and security than existing methods and can be used in smartphones of various sizes and shapes.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.2899-2910
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• 2014

In this paper, we present method that verifies the validity of inputted message rather than showing last character on virtual keyboard. This encrypts password and valid input only can receive right feedback. This is implemented on Android phone and tested. This shows higher security than former method by 68.23% and accuracy shows 100%. This secure keypad is practical and secure so this can replace current input keypad without difficulty.