• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.655-664
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• 2007

The inherent characteristic of concrete tensile cracks, directional nonlocal crack damage, causes so-called rotating tensile crack damage and softening of compressive strength. In the present study, a plasticity model was developed to describe the behavior of reinforced concrete planar members In tension-compression. To describe the effect of directional nonlocal crack damage, the concept of microplane model was combined with the plasticity model. Unlike existing models, in the proposed model, softening of compressive strength as well as the tensile crack damage were defined by the directional nonlocal crack damage. Once a tensile cracking occurs, the microplanes of concrete are affected by the nonlocal crack damage. In the microplanes, microscopic tension and compression failure surfaces are calculated. By integrating the microscopic failure surfaces, the macroscopic failure surface is calculated. The proposed model was implemented to finite element analysis, and it was verified by comparisons with the results of existing shear panel tests.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2008

In this paper, the orbital forming analysis of an automotive hub bearing was studied to predict forming performances using the explicit finite element method. To find an efficient solution technique for the orbital forming, axisymmetric finite element models and 3D solid element models were solved and numerically compared. The time scaling and mass scaling techniques were introduced to reduce the excessive computational time caused by small element size in case of the explicit finite element method. It was found from the numerical simulations on the orbital forming that the axisymmetric element models showed the similar results to the 3D solid element models in forming loads whereas the deformations at the inner race of bearing were quite different. Finally the strains at the inner race of bearing and the forming forces to the peen were measured for the same product of the numerical model by test, and were compared with the 3D solid element results. It was founded that the test results were in good agreements with the numerical ones.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1-12
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• 2008

As internal and external seismic experiment results, the seismic performance of RC bridge piers is largely dependent on the ratio of lap-spliced bars to all longitudinal reinforcing bars in plastic hinge regions, and confining effects of transverse reinforcements. Capacity and displacement ductility of non-seismically designed existing RC piers are reduced by lap splices in plastic hinge regions. The provision for the lap splice of longitudinal reinforcing bars was not specified in KBDS (Korean Bridge Design Specifications) before the implementation of 1992 seismic design code, but the ratio of lap-spliced bars to all longitudinal reinforcing bars in plastic hinge regions is restricted to 50% in the 2005 version of KBDS. This paper presents a seismic assessment of RC piers at lap-splicing ratios of 0%, 50%, and 100%. Through a comparison of experimental and analytic results of RC piers, we introduce an appropriate ultimate strain of confined concrete in plastic hinge regions with lap-splices, and propose a method for estimating displacement ductility ratios of non-seismically designed existing RC piers using fiber element analysis.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2016

This study is concerned with the numerical investigation of dynamic characteristics of 2.5MW-class wind turbine gearbox in which the misalignment improvement of plenary gear shafts by the flexible pins and the dynamic impact response are analyzed by the finite element method. The tooth contact between gears is modelled using the line element having the equivalent tooth stiffness and the contact ratio to accurately and effectively reflect the load transmission in the internal complex gear system. The equivalent tooth stiffness is calculated by utilizing the tooth deformation analysis and the impulse torque is applied to the input shaft for the dynamics response characteristic analysis. Through the numerical experiments, the equivalent tooth stiffness model was validated and the misalignment improvement of planetary gear shafts was confirmed from the comparison with the cases of fixed shafts at one and both ends.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.1980-1987
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• 1999

Restored image is always lower quality than original one due to distortion and noise. The purpose of image restoration is to improve the image quality by fixing the noise or distortion information. One category of spatial filters for image restoration is linear filter. This filter algorithm is easily implemented and can be suppressed the Gaussian noise effectively, but not so good performance for spot or impulse noise. In this paper, we propose the nonlinear spatial filter algorithm for image restoration called the optimal adaptive multistage filter(OAMF). The OAMF is used to reduce the filtering time, increases the noise suppression ratio and preserves the edge information. The OAMF optimizes the adaptive multistage filter(AMF) by using weight learning algorithm of back-propagation learning algorithm. Simulation results of this filter algorithm are presented and discussed.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.23-30
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• 2011

In this study, Terzaghi's formula was modified to solve problems considering the dilatancy effect of the soil for estimating the earth pressure acting on tunnel. It is performed for the comparison with Terzaghi's formula and modified Terzaghi's formula, tunnel model test result of Kobe University Rock Mechanics Laboratory. From comparison results of the earth pressure acting on tunnel, the earth pressure calculated by the Terzaghi's formula was estimated largest value. The earth pressure measured through the tunnel model test was least value. The difference between the earth pressure derived from Terzaghi's original formula and that derived from the modified formula was caused by the dilation effect, which was caused by the soil volume change. The difference between the earth pressure derived from the modified formula and the earth pressure measured through the tunnel model test, earth pressure results from the energy making failure surface. The results of FEM analysis were almost consistent with the results of mathematical analysis.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the flexural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams repaired with polymer mortar. The repaired and non-repaired 13th beams which was fabricated by considering repair position, repair depth, and curing age of polymer mortar as test variables were tested under three point loading. All specimens repaired in compressive and tensile zone did not fail due to interfacial failure between polymer mortar and concrete but failed when the strain of repaired mortar exceeded the ultimate tensile strain of polymer mortar. Maximum load of specimens repaired in compressive zone was similar to that of non-repaired specimen, reference specimen. Additionally, their ductility index was higher than that of reference specimen. On the other hand, specimens repaired in tensile zone failed very brittlely and have a lower ductility index than reference specimen. Nonlinear analysis by using OpenSees was performed to predict the behavior of RC beam repaired with polymer mortar. Two dimension frame element was used to simplify an analysis model and fiber model was applied to consider the material non-linearity. It was confirmed from the analysis results that nonlinear analysis properly predicts the behavior of specimens repaired in compressive zone and overestimates the behavior of specimens repaired in tensile zone.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.32 no.11_12
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• pp.663-674
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• 2005

We propose a system aimed at achieving high energy-delay efficiency by using adaptive victim caches. Particularly, we investigate methods to improve the hit rates in the first level of memory hierarchy, which reduces the number of accesses to mort power consuming memory structures such as L2 cache. Victim cache is a memory element for reducing conflict misses in a direct-mapped L1 cache. We present two techniques to fill the victim cache with the blocks that have higher probability to be re-reqeusted by processor. Hit-based victim cache ks tilled with the blocks which were referenced frequently by processor. Replacement-based victim cache is filled with the blocks which were evicted from the sets where block replacements had happened frequently According to our simulations, replacement-based victim cache scheme outperforms the conventional victim cache scheme about $2\%$ on average and refutes the power consumption by up to $8\%$.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.4A
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• pp.207-215
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• 2012

Structural behavior of built-up compression members with unsymmetric connectors under buckling status has been studied through these experiments. When the distance between adjacent H-300 beams of built-up compression member is 2 m in length, and the H-300 beams are lengthened up to 30 m in length with three-10 m-H-beams by bolts and double arrayed, three specimen having each connector interval 4 m, 5 m, 6 m are experimented for evaluating buckling loads. The buckling loads from the experiments are compared with buckling loads of structural analysis using FEM and buckling loads of Timoshenko Eq. loads in order to figure out how the connectors' interval affects on longitudinal and lateral displacements, also strain of the built-up compression members as well. The result shows that the buckling loads tend to sharply decrease non-linearly according to connectors' interval increases. As well as that, the differences between experimental buckling loads and theoretical buckling loads and between experimental buckling loads and structural analyses buckling loads also have a tendency to be increased as the connector interval increases.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.423-428
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• 2015

To identify locations and causes of interference among parts of an indoor air-conditioning unit, a 3D tolerance analysis was performed and optimized with respect to assembly gaps and the tolerance of each part. The maximum value of the defect rate resulting from the tolerance analysis was found to be 72.6 at the assembly portion of the body and drain. The maximum displacement caused by the thermal deformation during a heating operation was calculated to be approximately 1 mm by using finite element analysis (FEA). Therefore, it is possible that an interference among the assembled parts occurs. The tolerance of the drain was modified by the results of the sensitivity analysis. As a result, the defect rate was greatly reduced to 0.03. Through the FEA results of the indoor air-conditioning unit, it was shown that the improved tolerance of the drain decreased the interference among the assembled parts even though thermal deformation occurs during operation.