• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.57-66
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• 2022

The Road Management Administration is cracking down on overloaded vehicles by installing low-speed or high-speed WIMs at toll gates and main lines on expressways. However, in recent years, the act of intelligently evading the overloaded-vehicle control system of the Road Management Administration by illegally manipulating the variable axle of an overloaded truck is increasing. In this manipulation, when entering the overloaded-vehicle checkpoint, all axles of the vehicle are lowered to pass normally, and when driving on the main road, the variable axle of the vehicle is illegally lifted with the axle load exceeding 10 tons alarmingly. Therefore, this study developed a technology to detect the state of the variable axle of a truck driving on the road using roadside camera images. In particular, this technology formed the basis for cracking down on overloaded vehicles by lifting the variable axle after entering the checkpoint and linking the vehicle with the account information of the checkpoint. Fundamentally, in this study, the tires of the vehicle were recognized using the Mask RCNN algorithm, the recognized tires were virtually arranged before and after the checkpoint, and the height difference of the vehicle was measured from the arrangement to determine whether the variable axle was lifted after the vehicle left the checkpoint.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.523-532
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• 2022

Vitamin C is an important physiological antioxidant which neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduces the oxidative stress in the body. Although it has been associated with various diseases, few studies have reported the dose-response relationship between vitamin C intake, storage and functions in the body, including its antioxidant function. The criteria to establish the Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) for vitamin C were based on the changes in plasma concentrations and saturation of leukocytes according to intake levels and the effects on antioxidant capacity and risk of metabolic diseases. When establishing the 2020 vitamin C KDRI, while there was no change in the criteria from those of 2015, the reference values were recalculated and revised to reflect changes such as the new standard weight by age. As the number of people consuming dietary supplements has increased over the last decade, only about 10% of adults consume less than the average total vitamin C, but the proportion of adolescents and elderly who consume less than the average is high. On the other hand, as the intake of vitamin C supplements increases, the proportion of people consuming excessive vitamin C is also increasing. There is a body of opinion that it is necessary to establish a vitamin C KDRI for smokers or people with chronic diseases such as the metabolic syndrome, but these standards have not been established due to the lack of supporting scientific evidence. As a result, studies to establish vitamin C KDRI for Korean smokers and patients with the metabolic syndrome, as well as studies on the excessive intake of vitamin C due to supplementation and interactions with other nutrients, are needed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.305-323
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• 2021

This study examined the effects of self-concealment and satisfication among the basic psychological needs on the commitment to opposite-sex romantic relationships in early adulthood. The study examined the mediating effects of basic psychological needs, autonomy, competence, and relatedness, in the relationship between self-concealment and the commitment to opposite-sex romantic relationships. For this purpose, a self-report survey was conducted on 197 adults aged 20 to 29 who are currently in opposite-sex romantic relationships, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and PROCESS MACRO v3.5. The main results of this study are as follows. First, gender, age, and duration of dating period among the subject's demo-social variables significantly impacted the commitment to opposite-sex romantic relationships. Second, satisfying relatedness among the basic psychological needs had the largest influence on the commitment to opposite-sex romantic relationships, and self-concealment negatively affected the commitment to opposite-sex romantic relationships. Third, relatedness from the basic psychological needs had a significant mediating effect between self-concealment and the commitment to romantic relationships. It can be seen that it is crucial to lower self-concealment and to satisfy relatedness among the basic psychological needs in order to promote commitment to romantic relationships in early adulthood. This study is meaningful in that it tried to reveal the influence of individual psychological factors on the commitment to the romantic relationship, and it is significant that it proposed a basis for intervention to promote the commitment to opposite-sex romantic relationships in early adulthood.

• Clean Technology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.193-200
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• 2022

The term environmental, social and governance (ESG) was first used in the 2003 United Nations Environmental Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI). Among the three areas of ESG, environment refers to the impact of companies on the environment. Environmental factors address climate change policies and attempts to reduce emissions, waste and natural resource consumption. Social factors refer to the direction in which a company can improve the social impact of stakeholder includes employees, customers, communities, and governments involved in direct or indirect interaction with the organization itself and the company. Governance factors refer to stakeholders who make major decisions, the composition of the board of directors, their diversity and independence, and the internal policies that set limits and expectations for decision-making. Research related to ESG management is part of corporate social responsibility, sustainability, corporate or financial performance, and social responsibility investment. Through case studies and data-based empirical studies, it was confirmed that ESG management companies had positive results for most of the ESG related fields. Through literature analysis of domestic and international ESG history, introduction background, and management performance, this paper presents theoretical, practical implications by confirming that ESG's introduction and operation strategies are strong competitive strategies that directly affect corporate growth by creating attractive factors.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.274-286
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• 2022

Multi-object tracking has been studied for a long time under computer vision and plays a critical role in applications such as autonomous driving and driving assistance. Multi-object tracking techniques generally consist of a detector that detects objects and a tracker that tracks the detected objects. Various publicly available datasets allow us to train a detector model without much effort. However, there are relatively few publicly available datasets for training a tracker model, and configuring own tracker datasets takes a long time compared to configuring detector datasets. Hence, the detector is often developed separately with a tracker module. However, the separated tracker should be adjusted whenever the former detector model is changed. This study proposes a system that can train a model that performs detection and tracking simultaneously using only the detector training datasets. In particular, a Siam network with augmentation is used to compose the detector and tracker. Experiments are conducted on public datasets to verify that the proposed algorithm can formulate a real-time multi-object tracker comparable to the state-of-the-art tracker models.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.281-286
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• 1988

These studies were conducted to find out the polishing methods that improve yield and quality of the polished barley. Four varieties of hulled barley, Dongbori 1. Bunong, Kangbori and Suwon 182 which were produced in Suwon, Korea in 1979, were subjected to this experiment. The polishing machine, manufactured by Satake Co, was used as test mill. Increasing the roller speed of polishing machine causes more polished barley in a unit period. The speed influenced more in length than thickness or width of grain. Therefore the shape of grain became bold type as the speed increased. The optimum roller speed was 1,300rpm in ideal shape of polished barley. The lowest hardness was observed in the husk layer and the hardness was found in the decreasing order of the aleurone, testa, peri carp and the endosperm layer. The thickness of bran layer, weight of 1,000 kernel and hardness of polished barley were greatly different according to barley varieties. Also the length, thickness, width and the ratio of length to width of barley grain were significantly different in barley varieties. The ratio of length to width of the polished barley was 1.59 in Suwon 182, 1.53 in Bunong, 1.51 in Kangbori and 1.26 in Dongbori 1.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.449-460
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• 1992

The main purpose of these studies was to obtain the basic informations necessary to develop soybean varieties. Two determinate soybean varieties, Hwangkeumkong and Jangyeobkong, and two indeterminate varieties, Clark and Williams were used to study the differences in growth and yield characters. Indeterminate varieties showed 30 days longer in days from intial flowering to terminal leaf stage and increased 7-8 more nodes on mainstem after initial flowering than determinate varieties. Determinate varieties were greater at middle-upper part, while indeterminate varieties were greater in middle part for the dry weight of the pods and stem at maturity. Total dry weight per unit area was greater in determinate varieties than in indeterminate ones from the early growth to maturity. However, the duration of vegetative growth was longer and the ability to keep leaf area index in the late growth stage was higher in indeterminate varieties. Variations among plants were greater in the order of branch related characters > mainstem, total vegetative, and yield related characters > morphological characters of mains tern and 100 seed weight. In general, variations of vegetative characters formed in the early growth stage were greater than those of yield characters formed in the late growth stage. On the other hand, the variations of those characters were greater in indeterminate varieties than in determinate ones. Variation of a seed weight within a plant was much smaller in determinate varieties than in indeterminate ones : i.e. coefficients of variation of a seed weight within a plant were from 13.6 to 13.8% in determinate varieties and were from 18.5 to 21.1% in indeterminate varieties, respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 1989

An experiment was conducted at the Yeongnam Crop Experiment Station to obtain basic informations about cultural techniques for high yield by manipulating plant spacing in association with seedling number. Cultivars showing relatively low competition index within or between rice hill were Palgongbyeo, Milyang 83. Milyang 90 and Sangpungbyeo, while those with high competition index were Pungsanbyeo, Samgangbyeo, Weongpungbyeo, Taebaegbyeo and Dongjinbyeo. Variations of agronomic characters such as culm length, spikelets per panicle, grain yield per panicle among each culm within hill were not interrelated among the characters. This phenomenon was also same within and between cultivar groups. However, cultivars having high competitive ability showed relatively low variation in agronomic characters. There was a trend that most of rice cultivars had a high positive correlation between total competition index and rice grain yield. Competition index between rice hill was more significant than that of within rice hill for Tongil type cultivars except Milyang 83 which belonged to low tillering capacity while both types of competition index within and between hill were important for Japonica type cultivars and Milyang 83 of Tongil type cultivar to increase rice yield.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.554-559
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• 1991

The maizes used in the study were three inbreds and a hybrid which were developed by Choe et al. Chungnam National University, All the maizes used were found to tillered in Korea. But under certain environmental conditions. the tillering maizes were either less tillered or not tillered, The objective of the study was then to clarify the effects of temperature on the tillering habits of maize. For the study, maize was grown in temperature controlled growth cabinets under four different temperature regimes (15,20,25 and 3$0^{\circ}C$) for 30 days. Each maize plant was grown in a pot(20cm diameter). The initiation of tillers were accelerated at low temperature. Especially the number of tillers per plant was highest under 2$0^{\circ}C$ regime regardless of the inbreds or hybrid. The tillering habits of maize were rather decelerated by high temperature, although high temperature promoted the plant growth.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.49-76
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• 1994

Small area variations in health care utilization have long been studied as an important issue related to boto cost containment and quality assurance. This study was conducted to investigate if variations in hospital services across small geographic areas in Korea existed. The claims data of the fiscal year 1992 obtained from the regional health insurance societies were used for the study. Main findings of the research can be summarized as follows : 1. Extremal Quotients(EQ) of hospital expenditure per capita and hospital days per capita varied among diagnosis types. The EQ ranged from 2.05(cataract) to 41.67(pneumonia) in hospital expenditure per capita and from 1.86(cataract) to 45.89(pneumonia) in hospital days per capita. The diagnosis groups which showed high variation were pneumonia, cephalo-pelvic disproportion, gastritis and duodenitis, fracture of rib, and acute bronchitis. Those which showed low variation were acute appendicitis and cataract. 2. The EQ level of admission rate was different in terms of diagnosis types, ranging from 2.57(catarct) to 44.45(pneumonia). The variations were high in medical disorders such as pneumonia, oephalo-pelvic disproportion, gastritis and duodenitis and acute bronchitis, while relatively low in surgical conditions such as acute appendicitis and cataract. 3. As an indicator of service intensity, the EQ of expenditure per admission ranged from 1.67(acute appendicitis) to 31.27(essential hypertension). The diagnoses which had high variation were essential hypertension, gastric ulcer, whereas those which had low variation were cephalopelvic disproportion and acute appendicitis. With regard to hospital days per admission, the EQ ranged from 1.55(acute appendicitis) to 28.13(gastric ulcer) by diagnosis types. The diagnosis groups with showed high variation were gastric ulcer, essential hypertension, and acute bronchitis, whereas those with low variation were cephalo-pelvic disproportion, intervertebral disc disorders, and acute appendicitis. Both the expenditure and hospital days per admission showed lewwer variations than the expenditure per capita, hospital days per capita and admission rate. 4. Comparing patterns of variation in utilization indices, diagnoses such as essential hypertension, gastric ulcer, fracture of rib showed higher variations in expenditure per admission than in admission rates, whereas diagnoses such as pneumonia, cephalo-pelvic disproportion and gastric ulcer showed higher variations in admission rate than expenditure per admission. These findings suggest that wide variations existed in several diagnoses groups across small areas in Korea. Further research should be performed to investigate factors related to small area variations including provider behavior.