• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.107-125
• /
• 2013

This study deals with a strategic decision making in two level supply chain network design. This study presents more realistic mathematical model than the previous studies by considering simultaneous location of plants and distribution centers, determination of capacity level for both plants and distribution centers, and upper limit condition for numbers of locating plants and distribution centers. This paper tries to help the strategic decision making for two level supply chain network design. For this purpose, three different sized numerical examples are generated and optimal solutions are obtained by applying Excel Solver program. And sensitivity analysis is performed for the biggest sized example problem, which has 10 potential plants, 20 potential distribution centers, and 200 customer zones. After the plants being located are fixed, optimal minimum costs are obtained and compared for each of 7 different numbers of distribution centers to be located. As the number of distribution centers increases, changes in inbound transportation cost and outbound transportation cost can be derived. In case of considering cost as well as customer satisfaction level for two level supply chain network design, the analysis of this changes may help more sophisticated decision making.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.85-90
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine what made dental hygiene students choose their major subject and how much they were satisfied with that in an effort to pave the way for more successful guidance. The subjects in this study were 320 dental hygiene students from five colleges in Gyeonggi province, Incheon, Gangweon province, north Gyeongsang province and north Jeolla province. 32 freshmen and 32 sophomores each were selected from the colleges.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.11 no.11
• /
• pp.753-766
• /
• 2013

Even though civilization is developing at a fast rate, human beings and their living environments do not look happy. Given that the civilization comes from the human mind, which is changing in interaction with human body, society, and nature, it is hard to think that the human mind is changing in the desirable direction. This paper described a whole changing paradigm of the human mind and its causes through the cognitive mechanism in the brain from which all the diverse minds are formed. According to the cognitive mechanism, the human mind can change from the first free and peaceful mind through the middle mind to the last obsessive and anguish mind in accordance with the change of one of the factors in the origin of the human mind. Today's unfavorable changes in human beings, society, and the natural environment including the excessive development of civilization are the results of the undesirable changes of the human mind. This paper specified the respective characteristics of the first, middle, and the last mind and discussed where individuals' minds are and where they are going. Lastly, this paper suggested the specific ways to return to the first original mind based on the cognitive mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.152-158
• /
• 2008

This survey was conducted to analyze the effect of road construction near the group breeding places of the egrets and herons located at Palhyun-ri, Daegu, on their breeding during four years from 2003 to 2006. With the number of the individuals of the whole egrets and herons have been decreased due to the three-year road construction work(2003-2005). When the road construction was temporally stopped in 2006, the number of individuals of egrets and herons except Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis increased and partocilarly, the Gray heron Ardea cinerea was found to have been influenced the most by this construction in comparison with other egrets and herons. The number od individuals of large egrets, little egrets and herons was found to decrease during the construction period. After cutting off the nest trees and removing some parts of the breeding site, the herons and egrets tended to move their nesting place from roadsides to the inside of the breeding area. Trees for the nests decreased due to the increase in fellen trees caused by bird nests per tree increased gradually. As for the formation ratio of trees for the nests, the ratio of pine trees lowered yearly while that of acacia and oak trees was increasing during the survey.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.159-172
• /
• 2008

This study was carried out to obtain ecological information necessary for a conservation plan based on the distributional patterns, wetland types, and hydrophytic characteristics of urban wetlands in Seongnam City, Kyunggi Province where representing the various patterns of land use made by rapid urbanization since 1970s. Total 162 sites of four wetland types were identified as urban wetlands during the first survey. The sites were classified into 55 forested swamps, 4 riverine wetlands, 62 abandoned paddy fields, 37 small ponds, and 4 reservoirs, etc. The second survey targeted 107 sites which were identified as good wetlands. It showed that 42 sites(about 39%) were already degraded due to drainage, landfill, and crop cultivation at 6 months intervals. Both hydrologic conditions and hydrophytic characteristics of 27 good wetlands help maintain current ecological status, but most wetlands have been degraded by artificial impacts. Among 184 species identified, only 75 species(about 40.7%) were hydrophytes. Prevalence Index of hydrophyte based on three categories of OBL(obligatory wetland plant), FAC(facultitative plant), UPL(obligatory upland plant) was 3.7, indicating that vegetation data alone is inadequate to designate as wetlands. This study revealed that as critical habitats for wildlife they playa vital role in ecotone between both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem with its proper distributional pattern in spite of their small areas compared to the entire geographic region of the City.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.21 no.3 s.52
• /
• pp.138-141
• /
• 1982

The insecticides aldicarb$(Temik^{(R)}\;15G)$, carbofuran$(Curaterr^{(R)}\;3G)$, and disulfoton$(Disyston^{(R)}\;5G)$ were evaluated in the field for the control of the pine gall midges(Thecodiplosis joponensis Uchida et Inouye) at rate of 5 a.i.g/cm dbh using the method of circle-furrow treatment(ca. loom in furrow depth), apart 50cm Iron the trunk of the pine trees. In addition, for improving the application method of granular insecticides the effects of conventional circle-furrow treatment were compared with those of pit treatments and radical-furrow treatments. A single root-zone treatment of aldicarb and carbofuran i the pine trees was significanlty effective for the pressure of the gall incidence by the insects. Control effectiveness in three-pit treatment was identical with those in conventional circle-furrow treatment. The pit treatment compared with the circle-furrow and radical furrow treatments would be a further feasible method in saving labor cost.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.235-249
• /
• 2007

The multicolored Asian lady beetles (Harmonia axyridis) has characteristic color patterns, which show great variability within species. Up to now, it has been well known that main factors affected on individual color pattern variations in the population of H axyridis are external, physical, and environmental characteristics. Indeed, there is as yet no evidence to indicate whether the variation is genetic or environmental factors. Also the factors which produce this variation are unknown in this species, although it is suspected that much of the variation is under genetic control. However, the genetic relationships among many of color types were investigated by observing the progeny of each particular pairs. It is worth mentioning a few particular breeding cases to illustrate certain facets of variability, and to indicate examples suitable for genetic analysis of the color pattern variation.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.393-400
• /
• 2010

The parasitism, development time, hatchability, and progeny production of Trichogramma chilonis(TC) females developed in eggs of Helicoverpa assulta (HAs), Cadra cautella (CC), and Helicoverpa armigera (HAr), respectively, were compared with those developed in reciprocal eggs at constant temperatures of $25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity of 50~70% under 16L-8D. Developmental performances of TC reared in each of the three hosts on the following hosts(host tested) appeared differently, and were affected most by the size of the proceeding hosts and test host. Among the parameters parasitism and progeny production were affected more than others. Parasitism was significantly different between the treatments, lowest in CC-HAr($10.1{\pm}2.05%$) and highest in HAr-HAs($47.0{\pm}2.09%$), and the hatchability showed similar pattern. Development time as well was shortest in the CC-HAr where previous host is smallest and test host is biggest. The highest number of progeny production of TC was observed in HAr-HAs($93.9{\pm}6.87$ wasps), and the lowest was CC-HAs($18.4{\pm}6.36$ wasps).

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.385-391
• /
• 2010

This study reports the results of natural enemy application against four insect pests on greenhouse sweet pepper in winter cropping system. Orius laevigatus ($3.3/m^2$) was released at two different times (Nov. 2005 & Feb. 2006) to control Frankliniella occidentalis, western flower thrips (WFT). Throughout the cropping season, the lowest level recorded of WFT was less than 2.0 individuals per yellow sticky trap. Amblyseius swirskii ($232.3/m^2$) was released four times (Nov. 2007 ~ Aug. 2008) to control Bemisia tabaci, tobacco whitefly (TWF). Until July 2008, TWF population had been suppressed lower than 6.6/trap. Phytoseiulus persimilis ($44.5/m^2$) was released seven times (Apr. 2008 ~ Aug. 2008) to control Tetranychus kanzawai, tea red spider mite (TRSM). As a result, TRSM population was suppressed lower than 1.7/1eaf. To control aphids, Aphidius colemani ($9.5/m^2$) was released seven times (Oct. 2004 ~ Jan. 2005), with the transplantation of banker plants ($5.5pot/660m^2$). As a whole, aphid's population has been successfully reduced to less than 2.0/leaf.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.304-310
• /
• 2011

To evaluate the effect of curing treatment using a newly developed simplified curing unit (SCU) on the physicochemical quality of stored sweet potatoes was investigated for six months. The SCU consisting of a heater, an air circulation fan, exhaust fans, and a humidifying duct was installed in a cold storage room where the harvested sweet potatoes were stacked. During the six days of curing treatment, air temperature and relative humidity in the storage room were set at $32^{\circ}C$ and 90%, respectively. Physical and chemical properties of sweet potatoes were measured at 1-month intervals from the first day of storage. McKinney index showing the incidence and severity of decay was 0.83% in the curing treatment, while that of untreated control was 5.08% over the same storing period. Firmness, soluble solids content, and dry matter content in the cured sweet potatoes were greater than those of untreated control. Moreover, the changes of skin color in uncured potatoes occurred rapidly than cured one which showed delay of skin discoloration during the long-term storage. Results suggest that the SCU treatment improves the physicochemical quality of stored sweet potatoes and extends their storability. Therefore, the SCU can be effectively used for curing treatment of sweet potatoes with a relatively low cost.