• Title/Summary/Keyword: 벙커링

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Thermal analysis of LNG storage tank for LNG bunkering system (LNG 벙커링용 고효율 LNG 저장탱크 열해석)

  • Yun, Sang-kook
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.39 no.9
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    • pp.876-880
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    • 2015
  • In 2016, the IMO's new rules for an 80% reduction in NOx emissions in newly built ships will necessitate the use of LNG as a clean fuel. So far, the developed European countries have led the development of LNG bunkering ships and related facilities. An LNG bunkering system stores LNG in a horizontal or vertical IMO "C"-Type tank insulated with perlite powder, and a vacuum in the annular space between the double walls, like the cryogenic liquid nitrogen tank. Current storage tanks have high heat leakage, evaporating over 2.0% daily, and are difficult to build with the required vacuum. A more efficiently insulated storage tank could reduce the evaporation rate. This research carried out thermal analysis on a new effective insulation method that separates high vacuum in the annular space between two tanks with a solid insulation material, such as urethane foam, lining the outer vessel. This highly efficient insulation system obtained an evaporation rate of 0.03% per day under a $10^{-3}torr$ vacuum, and an evaporation rate of 0.11% at $10^{-45}torr$. Even if the space loses its vacuum, the new insulation system showed a lower evaporation rate of 4.12% than the present perlite system of 4.9%. This newly developed tank can increase the efficiency of LNG storage tank and may help keep LNG bunkering systems safe.

Development of the First LNG Bunkering Barge System in Korea (한국 최초의 LNG벙커링 바지시스템 개발)

  • Jung, Dong-Ho;Oh, Seung-Hoon;Jung, Jae-Hwan;Hwang, Sung-Chul;Sung, Hong-Gun;Lee, Jae-Ik;Kim, Eun-Seok
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2018.11a
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    • pp.162-163
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    • 2018
  • This study introduces the R&D project of development of the 1st LNG bunkering barge in Korea. The Design and pilot test of Barge-To-Ship 500cbm LNG bunkering barge system for coastal trading LNG-fueled ship is proposed. The following technologies will be developed from the project ; Basic/Detail design and pilot test of LNG Bunkering barge system, Basic/Detail design and pilot test of LNG bunkering process system considering LNG loading/unloading, Basic/Detail design and pilot test of 500cbm LNG tank in type-C, Evaluation of bunkering performance according to conditions (environment, SIMOPs) by numerical simulation, Performance evaluation of bunkering barge, towed barge and Barge-To-Ship motion considering ocean environment load, and scenario in Barge-To-Ship LNG bunkering. This project will contribute expansion to LNG-fueled ship industry and pave the way to establish LNG bunkering hub port.

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Wind tunnel test of wind loads and current loads acting on FLBT and LNG bunkering shuttles in side-by-side configuration and comparison with empirical formula (병렬 배치된 FLBT 및 LNG-BS에 작용하는 풍하중 및 조류하중에 대한 풍동 시험 및 경험식 비교 연구)

  • Park, Byeongwon;Jung, Jae-Hwan;Hwang, Sung-Chul;Cho, Seok-Kyu;Jung, Dongho;Sung, Hong Gun
    • Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.266-273
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    • 2017
  • In recent years, LNG bunkering terminals are needed to supply LNG as fuel to meet the emission requirements of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). A floating LNG bunkering terminal (FLBT) is one of the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly LNG bunkering systems for storing LNG and transferring it directly to an LNG fuel vessel. The FLBT maintains its position using mooring systems such as spread mooring and turret mooring. The loads on the vessel and mooring lines must be carefully determined to maintain their positions within the operable area. In this study, the wind loads acting in several side-by-side arrangements on the FLBT and LNG-BS were estimated using wind tunnel tests in the Force Technology, and the shielding effect due to the presence of ships upstream was evaluated. In addition, the empirical formulations proposed by Fujiwara et al. (2012) were used to estimate the wind force coefficients acting on the FLBT and those results were compared with experimental results.

Numerical Assessment of LNGC Berthing Operation to FLBT (FLBT를 향해 접안하는 LNGC의 수치해석 및 안정성 평가)

  • Jung, Sung-Jun;Jung, Dong-Woo;Oh, Seung-Hoon;Kim, Yun-Ho;Jung, Dong-Ho
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.45 no.3
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    • pp.87-94
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    • 2021
  • The IMO has adopted emission standards that strictly restrict the use of bunker C oil for vessels. Accordingly, research and bunkering pilot projects for LNG fueled ships are being actively carried out, which is expected to substantially reduce environmental pollution. In this study, we have adopted the turret moored Floating LNG Bunkering Terminal (FLBT) designed to receive the LNG from LNGCs and to transfer LNG to LNG bunkering shuttles in ship to ship moored condition. Numerical simulations have been performed with a 1-year return period of wind, wave, and current. Damping values of numerical model were adjusted from the results of model tests to obtain accurate simulation results. The results confirm safe berthing operation during the 1-year return period of environmental condition. Safety depends on the direction of environment, with increasingly stable operation facilitated by the application of heading-control function of FLBT to avoid beam-sea conditions.

Disc Displacement Control of the Emergency Shut-Down Valve for LNG Bunkering (LNG 벙커링용 비상차단 밸브 디스크 변위 제어에 관한 연구)

  • Yoon, Jin Ho;Park, Ju Yeon;Jang, Ji Seong
    • Journal of Drive and Control
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.28-34
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    • 2021
  • Among the currently available types of fuel, LNG emits a relatively small amount of nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide when it burns in the engine. However, since LNG is a flammable material, leakage during bunkering can lead to accidents, such as fires. Therefore, it is necessary to install a remote operation emergency shut-down (ESD) valve to block the flow and leakage of LNG in an emergency situation that occurs during bunkering. The ESD valve uses a hydraulic driving device consisting of a hydraulic control valve and a hydraulic motor to control globe valve disc displacement, which regulates the flow path for LNG transfer. At this time, there are various nonlinearities in hydraulic driving devices; hence, it is necessary to design a controller with robust control performance against these uncertainties. In this study, modeling of the ESD valve was carried out, and a sliding mode controller to control the displacement of the globe valve disc was designed. As a result, it was confirmed that the designed control performance could be achieved by overcoming nonlinearity characteristics using the designed controller.

해상거리표 개선방안 연구 - 국내항 항구간 거리를 중심으로

  • Jeong, Hae-Sang;Lee, Yun-Seok;Park, Yeong-Su;Yu, Yong-Ung;Lee, Myeong-Gi;Guk, Seung-Gi
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2018.05a
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    • pp.5-6
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    • 2018
  • 과거(2011년판)의 해상거리표는 한국근해거리표를 기초로 하였고 해외 해상거리표를 참고하였다고 명시하였으나 해상거리 산출에 대한 근거가 불명확하였다. 이 연구를 통해 서비스 대상선박의 선정, 선박의 안전항해, 경제항로 및 GICOMS 자료를 토대로 대표항적을 추출하고 항로계획 수립하여 해상거리를 계산하는 등 그 근거를 마련하고자 하였다. 또한 계산된 해상거리를 통해 해상이용자가 항해전 벙커링을 하거나 운임을 산정하는데 필요한 사항을 제시하고자 한다.

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Thermal Analysis on the LNG Storage Tank of LNG Bunkering System Applied with Double Shield Insulation Method (LNG 벙커링용 이중 단열적용 LNG 저장탱크 열해석)

  • Jung, Il-Young;Kim, Nam-Guk;Yun, Sang-Kook
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2018
  • An LNG bunkering system stores LNG in a horizontal IMO's C-Type tank insulated with perlite powder, and $10^{-2}$ Torr vacuum in the annular space between the double walls. Current storage tanks have high heat leakage, evaporating over 2.0% daily. A more efficiently insulated storage tank reducing the evaporation rate is required to develope. This research carried out thermal analysis on a new effective insulation method, i.e. double shield insulation system, that separates high super vacuum in the annular space between two tanks with a perlite vacuum in the back side of outer tank. This highly efficient insulation system obtained an evaporation rate of 0.16% per day under a $10^{-4}$ Torr vacuum. Even if the space loses its vacuum, the new insulation system showed a lower evaporation rate of 5.23% than the present perlite system of 4.9%.

Experimental Study on Floating LNG Bunkering Terminal for Assessment of Loading and Offloading Performance (FLBT의 적하역 안정성 평가를 위한 실험적 연구)

  • Jung, Dong-Woo;Kim, Yun-Ho;Cho, Seok-Kyu;Jung, Dong-Ho;Sung, Hong-Gun;Kwon, Sun-Hong
    • Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.51-61
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    • 2018
  • In this study, the operability of an FLBT (floating LNG bunkering terminal) was evaluated experimentally. Model tests were conducted in the KRISO (Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering) ocean engineering basin. An FLBT, an LNG carrier, and two LNG bunkering shuttles were moored side by side with mooring ropes and fenders. Two white-noise wave cases, one irregular wave case, and various regular wave cases were generated. The relative local motions between each LNG loading arm and its corresponding manifold in the initial design configuration were calculated from measured 6-DOF motions at the center of gravity of each of the four vessels. Furthermore, the locations of the LNG loading arms and manifolds were varied to minimize the relative local motions.

A Study on the Evaluation of Structural Safety of Saddle for Bunkering of LNG Fueled Ship (LNG 연료추진선의 벙커링을 위한 Saddle의 구조 안전성 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Tae-Wook;Cho, Su-Gil;Kim, Seong-Soon;Jhun, Jeong-Ik;Kim, Hyung-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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    • v.24 no.6_2
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    • pp.745-751
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    • 2021
  • The International Maritime Organization(IMO) has established Emission Control Areas(ECA) in the Baltic Sea, North Sea, and sea areas in the United States since 2012, and encourages the use of clean fuels such as Natural Gas(NG). To keep pace with the increase in international demand for LNG bunkering vessels, research for the localization of key equipment for LNG bunkering must also be performed in Korea. For research and development of core bunkering equipment and systems, in this study, heat transfer analysis and structural analysis were performed by modeling the saddle, which must first be secured structurally by directly receiving the load of the hose. As a result, the suitability of the model was reviewed by analyzing the temperature distribution and stress level through the analysis results of this study.