• The Bimonthly Magazine for Agrochemicals and Plant Protection
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.81-91
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• 1986

진딧물은 아주 작고 연약하여 조그마한 힘을 가해도 곧 터져버릴 것 같은 곤충이지만, 일생을 통하여 5가지 형태로 까지 변화할 수 있어 불량환경에 적응할 수 있는 힘은 그 어느 곤충보다도 크다고 하겠다. 처녀생식으로 번식하므로 번식력 또한 대단하여 그 숫자가 단시일내에 크게 불어나는 해충이다. 과수 재배시에 진딧물의 피해양상은 과수의 영양분을 흡즙하고, 감로를 분비하여 그을음병을 유발시키며, 잎을 오그라뜨리거나 뒤쪽으로 말리게하여 잎의 기능을 억제시킴으로써 과수의 생육을 지연시키고 묘목의 경우에 심할 때는 고사(枯死)까지 한다. 또한 최근에는 약제방제시에 약제선택성이 강한 종들이 나타나고 있는 실정이므로 진딧물의 효과적인 방제를 위해서는 무엇보다도 먼저 진딧물의 종류에 따른 생태를 잘 알고 그에 따른 합리적인 방제대책을 수립하여야 할 것으로 생각된다. 이에 필자는 그동안의 연구에서 얻어진 결과를 토대로 과수가해 주요 진딧물의 생태와 방제법을 소개하는 것이며 이 조그마한 자료가 진딧물에 얽힌 문제점들을 해결하는데 조금이나마 도움이 되었으면 한다.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.645-654
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• 2019

This study was conducted in two breeding seasons in 2017 to identify nesting habits and breeding biology of barn swallows in Daejang-dong village, Bucheon city, suburban Seoul. Among the 77 barn swallow nests studied, there were 34 breeding nests -27 in the first and 12 in the second. The reuse rate of old nests was 51.6%. In addition to tile-roofed houses (20.6%), breeding nests were most common in brick houses (38.2%) and in slate-roofed houses (26.5%). Most breeding nests were in eaves (58.8%) and front doors (32.3%). The average clutch size was $4.8{\pm}0.9$ in the first and $4.3{\pm}0.5$ in the second. The breeding success rate was 75.0% in the first and 58.1% in the second, considering the hatching rate and the fledgling rate. It was found that the rainy season was affected by a lack of food. At least 27 pairs of nestling barn swallows and 127 young barn swallows successfully fledged were estimated to be 181. These results show that Daejang-dong village is an important suburban habitat of the Seoul metropolitan area, and that it can be used to verify the environmental conservation value of rice fields of in the Seoul metropolitan area.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.636-644
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the callings of nocturnal birds using bioacoustic recording technology to identify species and to analyze the ecological characteristics of each species. Three sites - Seoraksan National Park, National Institute of Ecology, and Mudeungsan National Park - were investigated. The investigation period was from the middle of April 2018 to early March 2019 for Seoraksan national park, from late February of 2018 to the middle of February 2019 for the National Institute of Ecology, and from the middle of February 2018 to the end of August 2018 for Mudeungsan National Park. The main research results are as follows. Firstly, nocturnal bird species identified by the survey included Caprimulgus indicus, Otus sunia, Zoothera aurea, Bubo bubo, and Strix uralensis, 5 species in total. Secondly, the breeding call period of each species was from early May to early August for C. indicus, from early April to the end of September for O. sunia, from early March to early October for Z. aurea, from late September to early February for B. bubo, and from mid-January to early March for S. uralensis. Thirdly, the mating call rhythm was between 16:00 and 10:00 on the following day for all the observed species in the three regions, and the peak time zone was from 20:00 to 06:00 on the following day. Fourthly, there was no correlation between the cumulative call frequency and the precipitation for each species. Fifthly, the mean temperature during the period when the specific calls of nocturnal birds were detected was -4.00 ℃ for S. uralensis, 2.58 ℃ for B. bubo, 13.66 ℃ for Z. aurea, 19.50 ℃ for O. sunia, and 20.77 ℃ for C. indicus. The ANOVA results showed that there was a significant difference in mean temperature for the calling by species and that the mean temperature was S. uralensis, B. bubo, Z. aurea, and O. sunia-C. indicus, in the ascending order, for 4 groups in total. The period of the specific mating calls confirmed by the study is a period in which the frequency of calls was the highest among the periods when the specific calls were detected. Since it is associated with the known mating period of each species, the period of the high frequency of calls confirmed by the bioacoustic monitoring can be regarded as the mating season. This study is meaningful in that it is the early research that has used the bioacoustic recording technology to identify species and ecological characteristics of species of nocturnal birds in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.16 no.1_2
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• pp.35-41
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• 2000

We investigated the gonad index (GI), gonadal development, the reprodutive cycle and first sexual maturity of the venus clam, Cyclina sinensis by histological observation. Samples were collected from the intertidal zone of Komso Bay, Chollabuk-do, west coast of Korea, from April 1998 to March 1999. This clam is dioecious and oviparous. Monthly changes in the gonad index (GI) showed a similar pattern to the reproductive cycle. Ripe oocytes are about 90-100 ㎛ in diameter. The spawning period was between early July to September, and the main spawning occurred between July and August when the sea water temperature was over 20$\^{C}$ The reproductive cycle of this species can be divided into five successive stages: early active stage (February to April), late active stage (March to June), ripe stage (April to August), partially spawned stage (July to October), and spent / inactive stage (September to February). Percentages of first sexual maturity of female and male clams measuring 26.1-30.0 ㎜ in shell length were 53.3% and 62.5%, respectively, and 100% for the clams > 41.0 ㎜. It is assumed that both sexes begin reproduction at about two years age.

• Korean Journal of Ornithology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2018

For balanced development of ornithological research in Korea, it is important to review what birds and what research topics have been studied so far. We quantitatively investigated the trends of domestic ornithological research using text-mining and co-word analysis. As a result of studying 372 articles published in the Korean Journal of Ornithology, which is the most representative ornithological journals, words related to research topics such as population and community monitoring, first record of species and breeding ecology, and heavy metal pollution in birds have been widely used in research articles. Except for subjects such as monitoring and first record of species, studies have not been conducted widely. It was also found that research were concentrated on specific birds such as Anas platyrhynchos, Calidris alpina, and Anas poecilorhyncha. The present study, which analyzed the research topics and avian taxa that were relatively active until now and those which were insufficient, suggests what we should do in the future for the balanced development of ornithological research in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.22-29
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• 2008

Bombina orientalis, or Korean fire-bellied toad is belonging to Class Amphinia, Order Anura, Family Bombinatoridae, Genus Bombina. Ecological characteristics, such as small size, slow moving and swimming, gentle attitude to other species, under laboratory and/or wild condition lead the toad as suitable experimental animals with easy handling. Seasonal reproductive biology except breeding season (usually from Apr. to late Jun.) are unknown still caused by sampling methods for hibernating specimens have not been established yet. Most species of amphibian, include B. orientalis, are declined around the world related with global warming, therefore, wild caught specimen for any purposes must be limited controled soon. Even though, some pre-studies of biotope for increasing biodiversity have been reported, construction of an artificial biotope to get natural breeding cycling specimen for study of amphibian reproduction is unique modelling and only trial. In an effort to set year-round sampling for study of reproduction of B. orientalis, we suggest protocols for planning, construction manual and SOP(Standard Operation Process) to manage amphibian biotope. During pilot operation of a designed and constructed biotope, the seasonal acclimation during winter hibernation of B. orientalis were successful. It will be helpful for studying the reproductive biology of wild amphibians in temperate region and allow to get reasonable research conditions in amphibian laboratory.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.353-353
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• 1996

이 연구는 1988년 5월 초순부터 6월 중순까지 일본 북해도 대학 토마코마이 연습림에서 산림시업에 의한 산림구조가 다른 두 지역에서 산림환경구조와 번식조류군집과의 관계를 밝히기 위하여 이루어졌다. 조사지간의 차이를 밝히기 위한 정량적인 서식지분석과 조류군집을 평가하기 위한 세력권 도시법과 길드분석을 하였다. 우점수종은 신갈나무, 일본목련, 산벚나무, 고로쇠나무 등이었다. 임층의 피도는 상중층은 비간벌지가, 하층은 간벌지가 높았다. 조사지에서 34종의 조류가 관찰되었고 21종이 세력권을 확보하였다. 황금새, 산솔새, 박새, 섬참새, 동고비, 쇠박새가 우점종이었다. 조사지간에 번식조류의 종수는 동일하였으나 조류군집구성은 달랐다. 수동영소길드 조류 종수와 쌍수는 비간벌지에 많았으나, 지면영소길드 조류는 간벌지에서 많았다. 그리구 수관층영소길드는 조사지간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러므로 적정한 간벌과 같은 산림시업은 모든 산림조류에 부적당한 것이 아니고 관목, 지면 영소길드와 나무와 관목, 지면채이길드에 유리한 것으로 생각되었다. 또 산림시업이 수동과 수관영소길드에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.359-360
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• 2000

해양 생태계에서 규조류는 요각류의 생산력에 필요한 중요한 먹이인 것으로 인식되고 있다. 그러나, 많은 실험실 연구에서 규조류가 요각류의 번식력을 억제할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다 (Ban et al., 1997; Poulet et at., 1994, 1995; Chaudron et al., 1996). 요각류 성체 암컷이 규조류를 섭식할 경우 요각류의 알 생산력이나 알 부화율이 낮아질 수 있으며, 이러한 저해 작용은 규조류가 아닌 다른 먹이 (와편모조류)로 대체하였을 경우, 정상적으로 회복될 수 있으며, 이러한 저해 작용은 먹이로 제공된 규조류의 밀도가 높을수록 더 강하게 나타나고 있었다. 이러한 증거들로 인하여 실제 해양에서 요각류의 번식력과 규조류 사이의 연결성에 대하여 의문이 제기되고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.348-349
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• 2000

키조개는 우리 나라를 비롯하여 일본, 대만, 인도, 태평양 연안에 널리 분포하는 종으로서 서식수심은 조하대의 얕은 바다로부터 수심 40여 미터의 깊은 곳까지 분포한다. 1998년 일반해면어업에 의한 키조개 생산량은 6,456톤으로 이중 5,006톤이 충남에서 생산되어 우리 나라 키조개 주 분포어장이 충남근해임을 나타내었다. 지금까지 우리나라의 키조개에 관한 연구로는 생태와 분포(김 등, 1981), 양식개발에 관한 연구(유 등, 1988), 번식과 성장(백, 1998) 및 자원평가(김 둥, 1998)등 기초생태와 양식개발을 위한 연구가 대부분이었다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.154-156
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• 2005