• Title/Summary/Keyword: 배의 후숙

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Characteristics of Embryo Growth and Dehiscence during the After-ripening Period in Eleutherococcus senticosus (가시오가피의 종자 후숙처리시 배의 생장과 개갑 특성)

  • 박호기;박문수;김태수;김선;최경구;박기훈
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.42 no.6
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    • pp.673-677
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    • 1997
  • It has been reported that E. senticosus is effective for strengthening the liver, reduction of blood sugar levels, antistress and rainforcement of stamina. However, most of the extraction from this medicinal plant is imported from foreign countries. Therefore, farmers have tried to grow it in this country even though it is difficult to propagate by seeding method. This study was carried out to improve seeding propagation using seeds in National Honam Agricultural Experinment Station from '92 to '93. The seeds of E. senticosus were immature embryo at the time of gathering seeds in autumn, and needed wet stratification treatment for after-ripening. Embryo elongated slowly for a few days after stratification treatment, and cotyledon started to develop from 40 days after treatment. There were significantly positive correlation between after-ripening period and the ratio of embryo length. Dehiscence was the highest in the ratio of embryo length of 60∼70%, and percentage of dehiscent seed after treatment for 150 days was 76.5%.

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Studies on the Germination of Korean Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer) Seed II. Influences of Temperature and Seed Treatment on Embryo Growth and Germination (인삼 종자의 발아에 관한 연구 II. 온도 및 종자처리가 배생장 및 발아에 미치는 영향)

  • 원준연;조재성;김현호
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.59-63
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    • 1988
  • Freshly harvested and depulped Korean ginseng seeds were subjected to the seed treatment of removing endocarp plus surface sterilization with sodium hypocloride, surface sterilization only, and nontreated control. These seeds were stratified at temperatures of 5$^{\circ}$, 10$^{\circ}$, 15$^{\circ}$ and 20$^{\circ}C$ for 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 days. Embryo growth of the ginseng seeds of which endocarp was removed was most rapid in each stratification temperature and that of sterilized seeds was slower than unsterilized seeds after 80 days stratification at 15$^{\circ}$ and 20$^{\circ}C$. About 15$^{\circ}C$ was an optimal stratification temperature for embry growth in ginseng seeds. Chilling treatment at 5$^{\circ}C$ for 100 days was needed for better germination of dehisced ginseng seeds. An optimal germination temperature for the ginseng seed following chilling treatment was about 15$^{\circ}C$.

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Dormancy of Ginseng Seed as Influenced by Temperature and Gibberellic Acid (인삼종자의 휴면기간단축에 미치는 온도 및 지베레린의 영향)

  • Jong-Chul Lee
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.220-225
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    • 1986
  • This study was conducted to know the effects of temperature and gibberellic acid on the dormancy block-ing of ginseng seeds at different embryo growth stage. Optimum temperature for embryo growth appeared to be I soc at the beginning stage of post ripening (up to dehiscent time), 1$0^{\circ}C$ at middle stage (for 30 days after dehiscence) and 5$^{\circ}C$ at last stage (between 30 and 92 days after dehiscence). And optimum temperature for dehiscence is about 17$^{\circ}C$, also the optimum temperature for dehiscence is higher than that of embryo growth. Germination of ginseng seed with full grown embryo was accelerated at high temperature (25-3$0^{\circ}C$). Germina-tion percentage was 80% at 105th date after dehiscence under 5$^{\circ}C$, 28% at 147th date under 1$0^{\circ}C$, but no germination under the over 15$^{\circ}C$. Gibberellic acid increased the dehiscent rate, whereas the gibberellic acid treatment may not be substituted for effect of low temperature on the germination. Low temperature may be reguired to finish the embryo growth in thickness.

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Effects of Germination Rate of Grafting-Stock Gourd Seeds as Affected by Durations of Ripening and After-ripening of Fruits (성숙기간과 후숙기간을 달리한 대목용 박(Lagenaria siceraria Standl.) 종자의 발아율)

  • Oh, D.G.;Woo, Y.H.;Chun, J.W.
    • Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.89-97
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    • 2018
  • This study was conducted to elucidate the effect of after-ripening of gourd fruits before seed collection. Five varieties of commercial gourd varieties were cultivated and the fruits were picked after 24, 31, 50, and 70 days from pollination. For after-ripening treatments the fruits were placed for five days in a cool, air-circulated place while a number of fruits were placed for longer periods to 85 days including growing period, 24 + 62 days, 31 + 55 days, 50 + 35 days, and 70 + 15 days. The seeds collected from fruits harvested on 24th day were not emerged at all, but the seeds from after-ripening treatment for 62 days showed 78% emergence or higher. The growth of seedlings showed the effects of after-ripening treatment of the fruits before seed collection; the seeds collected after ripening treatment showed better hypocotyl growth and larger embryo size than the non-treated seeds.

Study on the Propagation of Acanthopanax Plants II. Characteristics of Seed and Growth of Embryo in Stratifying Treatment (오갈피나무속(屬)(Acanthopanax) 식물의 번식(繁殖)에 관한 연구(硏究) II. 종자형질(種子形質)과 배(胚) 발육(發育)특성)

  • Ahn, Sang-Deuk
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.16-23
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    • 1993
  • Seeds of Acanthopanx plants need about 2 years to germinate after sowing even if full matured fruits were harvested. I leave a room for doubt that this phenomenon could be brought by the immatured embryo in seed. If it is true, stratification method for the seed propagation of Acanthopanax plants would be used more effectively to promote the growth of embryo in relatively short time. Before stratification, seeds were devided into two parts. One of them was treated for 24hrs in the concentration of $GA_3$ 100 ppm. After stratification of non-treated and treated seeds, seeds for microtechnique were taken on interval of one month for three months, and fixed in Farmer's solution. The seed sizes of Acanthopanax plants were in biggest order A. sessiliflorus, A. seoulense, A. chiisanensis, A. koreanum and A. sieboldianum. The dehiscence phenomenon of seed coat didn't show in most of the seeds that stratified, but A. koreanum only dehisced in seeds treated in $GA_3$ 100ppm. The embryos of the stratified seeds that treated in $GA_3$ showed nomal growth, complete cotyledons and procambium in hypocotyl in any species, but the non-treated seeds could not expect the germination after sowing due to poor growing of the embryo in all species. In view of the results so far achieved, it has taken long times from sowing to germinate because the seed of Acanthopanax plants has immatured embryo.

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Seed Germination and Softwood Cutting Technique of Kalopanax pictus Nakai (음나무(Kalopanax pictus Nakai)의 종자번식 및 녹지삽목 번식기술)

  • 용영록;이문호;김병섭;김학기;김종화
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.53-59
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    • 2001
  • This study was carried out to investigate mass propagation technique by using seed and vegetative propagation of Kalopanax pictus Nakai. For developing seed propagation, seed stratification and 1$0^{\circ}C$ after-ripening treatment induced embryo growth within 1 weeks, resulted in increasing germination rate of seeds up to more than 65% when planted. The softwood cutting using one year old shoot increased rooting rate to 69% whereas more than 1 year old shoot looked like inappropriate for cutting propagation. In the cutting timing, the rooting rate on June, 13 cutting of the first growth shoot was the highest, followed by June 20 and July 4. The most efficient cutting timing seemed to be the middle of June. When cutted shoots were soaked for 30 minute with IBA and NAA 1000mg.$L^{-1}$, rooting rate was increased above 70%. As the concentrations of plant hormone were increased above 2000mg.$L^{-1}$, the rooting rate was slowly decreased.

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Influence of $GA_3$ Soak and Seed Dressing with Toros (Tolclofos methyl) wp. on the Dehiscence of Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim Seeds. (($GA_3$ 침지 및 토로스 분의 처리가 가시오갈피 종자 개갑에 미치는 영향)

  • Lim, Sang-Hyun;Jeong, Haet-Nim;Kang, An-Seok;Jeon, Myung-Seung
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.106-111
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    • 2008
  • This study was carried out to elucidate the influence of gibberellin soak and seed dressing with Toros wp. on the dehiscence of Eleutherococcus senticossus seeds. $GA_3$ treatment was effective on promoting after-ripening seed of Eleutherococcus senticossus whose concentration was higher until $500\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, after-ripening period became shorter. But rotting percentage increased gradually up above $500\; mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;GA_3$After all, $300\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;GA_3$ was the most effective treatment for promoting after-ripening seed. Dressing treatment with Toros wp. on seeds reduced the dehiscent rate of E. senticosius. by suppressing activity of fungi living on the endocarp surface of seed.

Changes of Protein Bodies in Endosperm Cells during Embryo Development of Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) Seeds - Seeds with Red Seed Coat and Indehiscent Seeds - (인삼(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) 종자의 배발달에 따른 배유세포의 단백과립 변화 - 홍숙 및 미개갑 종자 -)

  • 유성철
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 1992
  • The changes of protein bodies in endosperm cells of both seeds with red seed coat and indehiscent seeds of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer have been investigated in relation to the embryo development. In the early stage of seeds with red seed coat, spherical spherosomes were distributed in endosperm cells. Protein bodies were formed from vacuoles containing the storage protein. Cell organelles were hardly observed in the cytoplasm. In the late stage of the seed with red seed coat, the endosperm was filled with spherosomes and protein bodies. The protein bodies consisted of amorphous inclusions with high electron density or proteinaceous matrix with even electron density. In the seed of in dehiscence, the protein body in endosperm cells contained globoids and protein crystalloids. The globoid of protein body had a electron dense materials. Umbiliform layer was formed between embryo and endosperm. The deformation patterns of endosperm cell wall and the cellulose microfibril were observed in endosperm cells near the umbiliform layer. Umbiliform layer consisted of lipid body and autolyzed cell debris. The protein body of endosperm cell near the umbiliform layer showed various degenerative patterns, and so electron density of proteinaceous matrix was gradually decreased.reased.

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Comparison of Changes in Cell Wall Characteristics during Storage in 'Niitaka' and 'Pingguoli' Pear Fruits (동양배 '신고'와 '사과배' 과실의 저장 중 세포벽 특성의 변화 비교)

  • Kim, Jin-Gook;Piao, Yilong;Chun, Jong-Pil;Kataoka, Ikuo;Hwang, Yong-Soo
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2009
  • The characteristics of fruit ripening and cell wall modifications of two oriental pear fruits were compared during storage. The loss of fresh weight was lower in 'Pingguoli' than 'Niitaka', probably due to the difference in wax accumulation and skin structure. 'Pingguoli' produced much higher amount of ethylene and showed climacteric ripening pattern, but this response was not found in 'Niitaka'. A significant difference in soluble pectin contents was found, thus, the amount of water soluble pectins were much higher in 'Niitaka' at harvest but this difference was not significant at later stage of storage. A severe loss of water soluble pectins in 'Niitaka' was confirmed whereas a similar tendency was not found in CDTA soluble ones. Even the amount of $Na_2CO_3$ soluble pectins was relatively low, 'Pingguoli' contained approximately 2 times higher than 'Niitaka' and both cultivars showed an increasing tendency in $Na_2CO_3$ soluble polymers at later stage of storage. No significant difference in alkali soluble polysaccharides (hemicelluloses fraction) was found between both cultivars. There was a significant change in gel filtration profiles regardless of cultivars, especially in water soluble pectins resulting from severe depolymerization probably due to degradation of higher molecular weight pectins and loss of their side chains. In gel filtration profiles of $Na_2CO_3$ soluble pectins, neutral sugars were evenly distributed regardless of molecular size of pectic polymers but the decrease of high molecular weight fraction was found. In comparison of alkali soluble polymers, a similar trend was found, that is, there was no difference in gel filtration profiles but 'Niitaka' seemed to have longer side chains in alkali soluble polysaccharides in both 4% and 24% of KOH soluble fractions.

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Characteristics of Flavor and Functionality of Bacillus subtilis K-20 Chunggukjang (Bacillus subtilis K-20에 의한 청국장의 향미성분 및 기능성식품에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Young-Sook;Jung, Hyuck-Jun;Park, Young-Sook;Yu, Tae-Shick
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.475-478
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    • 2003
  • Bacillus subtilis K-20 chunggukjang is widely used in making soy sauces and bean pastes which are Korean traditional fermented foods. Bacillus subtilis K-20 chunggukjang was cultured, and fermented at $40^{\circ}C$ and 90% humidity for 96 hr after homogenizing with garlic, garlic and onion, and garlic, onion, and ginger. As a result, a product with pizza flavor and taste was obtained from Bacillus subtilis K-20. This product could be used as a functional food to promote immunity.