• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.05a
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• pp.173-178
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• 1996

특정한 방향성분에 대한 방향중성자속을 정의하는 방향차분 수송 방정식(discrete ordinates or S$_{N}$ transport equation)과 달리 방향변수를 구분된 방향영역에 대하여 적분하고, 해당 방향영역 내에서의 방향중성자속이 일정하다고 가정하는 영역상수법(piecewise constant method)을 이용하여 유사방향차분방정식(discrete ordinates-like equation)을 유도하여, 이를 Boltzmann 수송식과 2계 우성수송식(even-parity transport equation)에 적용하여 기존의 방향차분법의 단점인 광첨두현상(ray effects)을 감소시키고, 우성수송식의 교차미분항을 제거한 단순우성방정식(simplified even-parity equation)을 사용하여 광첨두현상을 제거하였다. 이는 단순우성방정식의 또 다른 장점을 제시한다.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.16 no.1 s.49
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• pp.46-52
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• 2007

The piecewise constant angular approximation is developed to replace the conventional angular quadrature sets in the solution of the second-order, multi-dimensional $S_{N}$ neutron transport equations. The newly generated quadrature sets by this method substantially mitigate ray effects and can be used in the same manner as the conventional quadrature sets are used. The discrete-ordinates and the piecewise-constant approximations are applied to both the first-order Boltzmann and the second-order form of neutron transport equations in treating angular variables. The result is that the mitigation of ray effects is only achieved by the piecewise-constant method, in which new angular quadratures are generated by integrating angle variables over the specified region. In other sense, the newly generated angular quadratures turn out to decrease the contribution of mixed-derivative terms in the even-parity equation that is one of the second-order neutron transport equation. This result can be interpreted as the entire elimination or substantial mitigation of ray effect are possible in the simplified even-parity equation which has no mixed-derivative terms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.53-58
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• 1996

국내의 17$\times$17형 원전연료는 종전의 KOFA 연료로부터 Westinghouse(WH)사 Vantage-5H (V5H) 연료로 대체중에 있으며, 울진 1,2호기의 경우 8주기부터 V5H 연료를 장전한다. V5H 연료는 연료 상하부를 천연우라늄으로 구성함으로써 축방향 농축도가 균일하지 않으므로 기존 FRAMATOME사의 2차원 노심운전분석코드체계 (CEDRIC-CARIN-ESTHER)로는 정확한 노심 분석이 불가능하다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 V5H 연료가 장전되는 울진 1,2호기에 대한 3차원 노심분석을 위하여 WH사의 INCORE-3D와 TOTE 코드를 PC-Version으로 개발하여 기존 코드체계를 대체하였다. 또한 WH형 원전과는 상이한 형식을 갖는 울진 1,2호기의 중성자속 측정 자료를 INCORE 코드에 적합한 형태로 변환하기 위한 C2I 코드를 개발하고 울진 1호기 6주기의 실제 중성자속 측정 자료를 이용하여 검증하였다. 이들 개발 코드들을 울진 원전에 설치하고, 1호기 8주기 출력상승중 노심출력분포 측정시험(75% 및 100% 출력시험)에 적용한 결과 기술지침서 상의 모든 제한사항이 만족되며 코드성능 또한 만족함을 확인하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 1985

The axial height-dependent transverse buckling is derived from 3-dimensional depletion file in steadystate conditions. For transient conditions a physical correlation is developed based on the linear relationship existing between the responses of in-core and ex-core detectors. The use of this model greatly improves the reliability of a 1-dimensional diffusion theory program in Predicting the axial power transients accompanying large variations of control rod positions.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.168-177
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• 2007

A neural network model to evaluate the neutron exposure on the reactor pressure vessel inner diameter was developed. By using the three dimensional synthesis method described in Regulatory Guide 1.190, a simple linear equation to calculate the neutron spectrum on the reactor pressure vessel was constructed. This model can be used in a quick estimation of fast neutron flux which is the most important parameter in the assessment of embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel. This model also used in the selection of an optimum core loading pattern without the neutron transport calculation. The maximum relative error of this model was less than 3.4% compared to the transport calculation for the calculations from cycle 1 to cycle 23 of Kori unit 1.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2004

DORT and ORIGEN2 code were used for calculation of neutron flux and inventory in reactor pressure vessel(RPV) of Kori unit-1, To calculate neutron flux using DORT code, the reactor was divided into 94 mesh from the center of core to RPV and from 0 to 45 degree along the azimuth. The cross-sections of main nuclides were recalculated using neutron flux in the RPV region. The results showed that 95% of the total activity in RPV came from the nuclides of $^{55}$ Fe, $^{60}$ Co, $^{59}$ Ni and $^{63}$ Ni. And the total activity with cooling of more than 50 years after decommissioning was no more than 0.2% of at the time of shutdown. Considering the weight of RPV is 210 tons, the initial total activity of RPV reached 5.25${\times}$10$^{6}$ GBq. To verify results of ORIGEN2 calculation, comparison between calculated and measured value at RPV of Kori unit-1 was peformed. The comparison results showed a good agreement.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2003

Based on the necessity to evaluate the activation products inventory during decommissioning lot domestic nuclear power plants, a preliminary estimation of the activation products inventory for Kori unit 1, which is getting close to the end of lifetime, was carried out with ANISN and ORIGEN2 code. In order to calculate neutron nux using ANISN code, the reactor was divided into 9 zones from core to bioshield concrete for radial direction. Also :he cross-section of main nuclides were calibrated with neutron flux in the reactor pressure vessel(RPV) region. The results showed that 95 % of tile total radioactivity in RPV from reactor shutdown to 10 years came from the nuclides of $^{55}Fe,\;^{59}Ni,\;^{63}Ni\;and\;^{60}Co$. And the total radioactivity with cooling of more than 50 years after decommissioning was no more than 0.2 % of at the time of shutdown. Considering the weight of RPV is 210 tons, the total radioactivity of RPV reached to $5.25{\times}10^{6}GBq$ at shutdown time. As compared with the total radioactivity of bioshield concrete at reactor shutdown time, the radioactivity after tooling more than 10 years was below 1 %.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.811-824
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• 1995

The CANDU element bowing is attributed to actions of both the thermally induced bending moments and the bending moment due to hydraulic drag and mechanical loads, where the bowing is defined as the lateral deflection of an element from the axial centerline. This paper consider only the thermally-induced bending moments which are generated both within the sheath and the fuel and sheath by an asymmetric temperature distribution with respect to the axis of an element The generalized and explicit analytical formula for the thermally-induced bending is presented in con-sideration of 1) bending of an empty tube treated by neglecting the fuel/sheath mechanical interaction and 2) fuel/sheath interaction due to the pellet and sheath temperature variations, where in each case the temperature asymmetries in sheath are modelled to be caused by the combined effects of (i) non-uniform coolant temperature due to imperfect coolant mixing, (ii) variable sheath/coolant heat transfer coefficient, (iii) asymmetric heat generation due to neutron flux gradients across an element and so as to inclusively cover the uniform temperature distributions within the fuel and sheath with respect to the axial centerline. As the results of the sensitivity calculations of the element bowing with the variations of the parameters in the formula, it is found that the element bowing is greatly affected relatively with the variations or changes of element length, sheath inside diameter, average coolant temperature and its variation factor, pellet/sheath mechanical interaction factor, neutron flux depression factor, pellet thermal expansion coefficient, pellet/sheath heat transfer coefficient in comparison with those of other parameters such as sheath thickness, film heat transfer coefficient, sheath thermal expansion coefficient and sheath and pellet thermal conductivities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.44-49
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• 1997

액체금속로용 2차원적 연소 해석 코드 REBUS-2[1]에 횡방향 적분법 및 다항식 전개법에 기초한 3차원적 육방형 노달 방법을 결합하여, 3차원적 연소 해석 코드 REBUS-K를 개발하였다. REBUS-K는 3차원적 중성자속 분포 계산 및 미시적 연소 계산을 통해 노내 연소 해석을 수행하며, 또한 핵연료 방출/재배치 및 재장전, 재처리, 성형가공 등의 노외 주기 계산을 수행한다. 비평형주기 및 평형주기 해석을 수행하며, 평형주기 해석 시에는 지정된 제한 연소도 및 증배계수를 만족시키는 주기 길이와 장전 농축도를 탐색한다. 개발된 코드의 검증 계산을 450 MWt 액체금속로의 비평형주기 및 평형주기 문제에 대하여 수행하였으며, 계산 결과를 Argonne 연구소의 3차원적 연소 해석 코드 REBUS-3[2]의 결과와 비교하였다. 그 결과 원자로 증배계수, 출력 분포, 증식율, 연소도, 장전 핵연료의 농축도, 주기 길이 등의 연소 특성이 수렴 조건 이내에서 일치하였다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2014

A new cold neutron triple-axis spectrometer (Cold-TAS) was recently constructed at the 30 MWth research reactor, HANARO. The spectrometer, which is composed of neutron optical components and radiation shield, required a redesign of the segmented monochromator shield due to the lack of adequate support of its weight. To shed some weight, lowering the height of the segmented shield was suggested while adding more radiation shield to the top cover of the monochromator chamber. To investigate the radiological effect of such change, we performed MCNPX simulations of a few different configurations of the Cold-TAS monochromator shield and obtained neutron and photon intensities at 5 reference points just outside the shield. Reducing the 35% of the height of the segmented shield and locating lead 10 cm from the bottom of the top cover made of polyethylene was shown to perform just as well as the original configuration as radiation shield excepting gamma flux at two points. Using gamma map by MCNPX, it was checked that is distribution of gamma. Increased flux had direction to the top and it had longer distance from top of segmented shield. However, because of reducing the 35% of the height, height of dissipated gamma was lower than original geometry. Reducing the 35% of the height of the segmented shield and locating lead 10cm from the bottom of the top cover was selected. After changing geometry, radiation dose was measured by TLD for confirming tester's safety at any condition. Neutron(0.21 ${\mu}Svhr^{-1}$) and gamma(3.69 ${\mu}Svhr^{-1}$) radiation dose were satisfied standard(6.25 ${\mu}Svhr^{-1}$).