• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.239-248
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• 2002

A constitutive model unifying plasticity and crack damage mode)s was developed to address the cyclic behavior of reinforced concrete planar members. The stress of concrete in tension-compression was conceptually defined by the sum of the compressive stress developed by the strut-action of concrete and the tensile stresses developed by tensile cracking. The plasticity model with multiple failure criteria was used to describe the isotropic damage of compressive crushing affected by the anisotropic damage of tensile cracking. The concepts of the multiple fixed crack damage model and the plastic flow model of tensile cracking were used to describe the tensile stress-strain relationship of multi-directional cracks. This unified model can describe the behavioral characteristics of reinforced concrete in cyclic tension-compression conditions, i.e. multiple tensile crack orientations, progressively rotating crack damage, and compressive crushing of concrete. The proposed constitutive model was implemented to finite element analysis, and it was verified by comparison with existing experimental results from reinforced concrete shear panels and walls under cyclic load conditions.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.141-152
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• 2007

Considering uncertainties of random input data, it is more reasonable to use probabilistic method than the conventional deterministic method for the design of structures or for the assessment of the responses of structures, which are designed as safe even under extreme loads. Therefore, to assess the quantitative effects of the constructed cable stayed bridge by the input random variables, a sensitivity analysis is studied. Using perturbation method, an analysis program is developed for the iterative probabilistic finite element analyses and sensitivity analyses of the cable stayed bridge, except the initial shape analysis. Monte-Carlo Simulations were used for the verification of the developed program. The results of sensitivity analysis shows the governing effects of external loads. Because the results also provide the sensitive effects of the stiffness of members and the magnitudes of prestressing force of cables, the developed

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.514-523
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• 1992

스트레인 게이지를 이용하여 변형측정을 할 때 온도변화의 영향으로 나타나는 겉보기 변형도와 게이지 상수의 변화에 대하여 설명하였고 실제 측정시 정확한 측정값을 얻기위한 온도보상 방 법에 대하여 기술하였다. 온도변화에 의한 겉보기 변형도의 값은 기계적 하중에 의한 변형도에 비하여 무시할 수 없는 큰 값을 나타내기 때문에 적절한 보상에 의하여 정확한 측정값을 얻어 내야 한다. 항공우주산업, 원자력산업 등의 분야에서 널리 응용되는 극저온 환경에서 겉보기 변 형도와 게이지 상수의 측정결과를 제시하였다. 극저온에서는 자체 온도보상된 스트레인 게이지라 할지라도 대단히 큰 온도영향을 받기 때문에 본시험에서 제시한 바와 같이 측정결과를 온도보 상하여 처리해야만 의미있는 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 본 시험에서 4차식으로 구해진 겉보기 변형 도에 대한 특성곡선과 게이지 상수에 대한 시험결과는 극저온에서 변형을 측정할 때 직접적으로 보상하여 사용될 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.34S no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 1997

In this paper, we propose a new .mu.-controller design method using an equivalent weighting function $W_{\mu}$(s). The proposed mehtod is not guaranteed to converge to the minimum as D-K and .mu.-K iteration method. However, the robust performance problem can be converted into an equivalent $H^{\infty}$ optimization problem of unstructured uncertainty by using an equivalent weightng function $W_{\mu}$(s). Also we can find a .mu.-optimal controller iteratively using an error index $d_{\epsilon}$ of differnce between maximum singular value and .mu.-norm. And under the condition of the same order of scaling functions, the proposed method provides the .mu.-optimal controller with the degree less than that obtained by D-K iteration..

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 1999

비등방성으로 적층된 복합판 및 쉘구조물에서 온도와 습도의 급격한 변화는 구조물의 강도와 성능을 저하시키는 중요한 원인이 된다. 더욱이 하중에 의한 역학적 변위와 조합될 때에는 좌굴, 대변형 혹은 고응력 상태를 유발하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 이중 퓨리에급수를 이용하여 3차의 전단변형함수로 가정된 평형방정석을 전개하고 폭-두께비, 형상비의 변화 그리고 재료의 성질에 따른 결과에 대하여 고찰하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.151-156
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• 2000

A kinematically-admissible velocity field is proposed to determine the forming load the average extruded length and the velocity distribution in the forward and backward extrusion process of a socket. Experiments are carried out with antimony-lead billets at room temperature using the rectangular punch and the hexagonal die. The theoretical predictions of the forming load and the average extruded length are in good agreement with the experimental results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1997.05b
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• pp.268-273
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• 1997

사용후핵연료는 장기간 강한 방사선과 붕괴열이 방출된다. 따라서 사용후핵연료를 안전하게 운반하기 위하여 수송용기는 방사선차폐의 건전성, 격납경계의 유지 및 내부 붕괴열의 적절한 제거 등의 설계기준을 만족하도록 설계되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 28개의 PWR 사용후핵연료집합체를 운반할 수 있는 KSC-28 수송용기의 적절한 열전달 특성을 갖는 copper 냉각핀 및 aluminum 전열판을 설정하였다. 또한, 정상수송조건 및 화재사고조건에 대한 열전달해석을 수행하여 수송용기의 열적 건전성을 평가하였고 여기에서 얻어진 온도를 열하중으로 고려하여 열응력해석을 수행함으로써 수송용기의 온도변화에 따른 구조적 건전성을 평가하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.247-256
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• 2003

FEM analyses which are based on modified Cam-clay theory have been generally used in such cases as analyses of stability and displacement fur embankment construction on soft clays. However, the Modified Cam Clay Model can generate some problems in anisotropic stress conditions of field because the critical state theory has been developed through many laboratory tests in isotropic conditions. Thus, the applicability on the prediction of undrained shear strength and pore water pressure which was based on the critical state theory was evaluated by triaxial tests and numerical analyses in isotropic and anisotropic conditions. Used samples often come out in domestic area, together with general low plastic clays which are showing dilatant behavior in shearing process. They were evaluated by laboratory tests and FEM based on MCCM. From the results of test and numerical analysis, the predictions of undrained strength in low plastic clays well coincided with each other in both isotropic and anisotropic conditions. However, the generation of porewater pressure was often overestimated during undrained shearing in anisotropic conditions. The results can generate the errors in the prediction of stress path of field sites during loading such as construction of embankment on soft clays because the field is subjected to anisotropic conditions during loading.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.96-105
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• 1995

A modified method for the analysis of short fatigue crack growth has been presented, and calculations based upon the modified method are compared with experimental results for S45C carbon steel. It is also shown that the modified method is in good agreement with experimental data. The proposed equation for the fatigue crack growth rates includes a material constant which relates the threshold level to the endurance limit, a correction for elastic-plastic behaviour and a means for dealing with the effects of crack closure. In this study one of the modifications is to substitute the Forman' s elastic expression of the stress intensity factor range into the geometrical factor The other is a consideration of the bending effect which is developed from the moment caused by the eccentric cross sectional geometry as the crack grows. Thus, this method is useful for residual life prediction of the mechanical structures as well as the welding structures.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.183-189
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes of implant supported fixed-hybrid prostheses (FHP) in the fully edentulous arches. Materials and methods: Patients in this retrospective study were restored with fixed-hybrid prostheses supported by 4 to 6 implants and functioned more than 1 year of loading. Outcome measures were marginal bone change of implant related with sex, anatomical location (maxilla vs. mandible), opposing teeth, loading time of patients, tilting of posterior implant by Mann- Whitney U test and cantilever length of superstructure by regression analysis, and complication rates. Significance level was set P<.05. Results: A total number of 84 implants (16 restorations) placed in 16 patients were observed for 28 months and mean marginal bone loss was $0.53{\pm}0.39mm$. There were no differences of marginal bone loss according to sex, anatomical location (maxilla vs. mandible), opposing teeth, loading time of patients (P>.05), and cantilever length was not significantly related with a marginal bone loss of implant next to cantilever (P>.05). Complication was shown in 11 patients and veneer fracture and dislodging of artificial teeth were most prevalent. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, although marginal bone loss of FHP was very little, complication rates were high. Irrespective of tilting of most posterior implants, marginal bone loss of most posterior implants next to cantilever was less than those of the other implants positioned anteriorly. Cantilever length (<17 mm) did not affect a marginal bone loss of most posterior implants.