• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.85-97
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• 2004

This study attempted to understand the living conditions of children after school, focusing on 437 children attending an elementary school with working parent. This investigation also analyzed socio-demographic variables, the forms of after school child-care and differences in psychological well-being of children. The major findings were as follows First, self-care children took up 42.3% as the result of the survey on living conditions after school of lower-grade children. It showed that children under the condition of self-caring for more than four hours a day on the average took up 2/3 of the child group. Second, the results of examining the differences of psychological well being of children secondary to socio-demographic variables, it showed significant differences in the area of anxiety with respect to children’s genders, Parental occupations in the area maternal educational levels. Third, the results of the findings on whether there were differences in the psychological well-eing of these children depending on the form of after school hour child care showed that there were significant differences between loneliness and self-perceives competence felt by children.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.153-165
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• 2006

This study examined moderating effects of mother's support and community environment on relationships between after school self-care and problem behaviors. Subjects were 579 3rd and 6th grade elementary school children. Major findings were positive relationships between after school self-care and problem behaviors. Neither gender differences nor grade differences were found in the relationships between after school self-care and problem behaviors. Moderating effects of care by relatives or neighbors on mother's support was shown in the relationships between after school self-care and internal problem behaviors. Moderating effects of proximity to harmful facilities were found in relationships between after school self-care and external problem behaviors.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.1592-1594
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• 2011

국가적 차원에서 저소득 청소년을 위한 교육프로그램이 많은 아동보호센터 및 지역센터를 중심으로 시행되고 있지만 그 취지와 목적에 부합하는 방과 후 교육이 제공되고 있는지 그 효과성에 대해서는 주목하지 않아왔다. 본 연구는 저소득 청소년을 위한 방과 후 교육의 질 관리에 대한 필요성이 대두되고 있는 시점에서 영재교육의 일환으로 여겨져 왔던 창의성 교육을 조명하였다. 저소득층 청소년의 창의력 인성을 양성하기 위한 교육용 게임 프로그래밍 수업의 효과성에 대해 조사하였다. A시 5곳의 아동보호시설에서 운영되고 있는 게임프로그래밍 수업에 참여하고 있는 학생과 참여하지 않는 학생을 대상으로 창의적 인성검사를 실시하여 비교 분석하였다. 창의적 인성검사는 크게 자기확신(Self Confidence), 호기심(Curiosity), 인내(Patience), 개방성(Openess), 모험심(Adventure)으로 구분하여 t검증을 통해 유의한가를 분석하였다. 다섯 가지 영역의 평균은 실험집단이 높았으나, 이 중 '인내' 영역이 두드러진 차이를 보였고, 이로 인해 게임프로그래밍 수업을 받은 학생들이 수업을 받지 않은 학생들에 비해 과제 수행에 있어 인내와 끈기를 가지고 도전하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 자기 확신, 호기심, 개방성, 모험심 네 가지 영역에 대해서는 두드러지는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이에 대한 개선책으로 학생들에게 이 네 가지 영역을 균형적으로 길러주기 위하여 체계적으로 강사진의 교수법 연수, 교육과정의 개선, 학생 동기 유발, 학생 독려 및 관리 등 다양한 방법을 통해 수업의 질을 개선시켜 학생들의 창의적 인성 양성에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2013

Using the National Children and Youth Panel Survey (2010) data, this study examines the self-care after school experienced by elementary school students. It argues the necessity of analysis on self-care days for understanding demanders' characteristics of after-school care policy. Based on the Ordered Logit Model, this study analyzes the determinants of self-care days among school-aged children. The main result of the analysis is that self-care days are also more likely to be increased among children with higher school grade, more sibling, lower mother's education, dual-earner family, two-parent family, multi-cultural family, and lower family income.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2016

This study evaluated a digital locking device design using detection distance of 13.4mm of a human body sensing type magnetic field coil. In contrast to digital locking devices that are used nowadays, the existing serial number entering buttons, lighting, number cover, corresponding pcb, exterior case, and data delivery cables have been deleted and are only composed of control ON/OFF power switches and emergency terminals. When the magnetic field coil substrates installed inside the inner case detects the electric resistance delivered from the opposite side of the 12mm interval exterior contacting the glass body part, the corresponding induced current flows. At this time, the magnetic field coil takes the role as a sensor when coil frequency of the circular coil is transformed. The magnetic coil as a sensor detects a change in the oscillation frequency output before and after the body is detected. This is then amplified to larger than 2,000%, transformed into digital signals, and delivered to exclusive software to compare and search for embedded data. The detection time followed by the touch area of the body standard to a $12.8{\emptyset}$ magnetic field coil was 30% contrast at 0.08sec and 80% contrast at 0.03sec, in which the detection distance was 13.4mm, showing the best level.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.558-564
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• 2006

Purpose : Transcranial electromagnetic stimulation(TMS) is a noninvasive method which stimulates the central nervous system through pulsed magnetic fields without direct effect on the neurons. Although the neurobiologic mechanisms of magnetic stimulation are unknown, the effects on the brain are variable according to the diverse stimulation protocols. This study aims to observe the effect of the magnetic stimulation with two different stimulation methods on the cultured hippocampal slices. Methods : We obtained brains from 8-days-old Spague-Dawley rats and dissected the hippocampal tissue under the microscope. Then we chopped the tissue into 450 µm thickness slices and cultured the hippocampal tissue by Stoppini's method. We divided the inserts, which contained five healthy cultured hippocampal slices respectively, into magnetic stimulation groups and a control group. To compare the different effects according to the frequency of magnetic stimulation, stimulation was done every three days from five days in vitro at 0.67 Hz in the low stimulation group and at 50 Hz in the high stimulation group. After N-methyl-D-aspartate exposure to the hippocampal slices at 14 days in vitro, magnetic stimulation was done every three days in one and was not done in another group. To evaluate the neuronal activity after magnetic stimulation, the $NeuN/{\beta}$-actin ratio was calculated after western blotting in each group. Results : The expression of NeuN in the magnetic stimulation group was stronger than that of the control group, especially in the high frequency stimulation group. After N-methyl-D-aspartate exposure to hippocampal slices, the expression of NeuN in the magnetic stimulation group was similar to that of the control group, whereas the expression in the magnetic non-stimulation group was lower than that of the control group. Conclusion : We suggest that magnetic stimulation increases the neuronal activity in cultured hippocamal slices, in proportion to the stimulating frequency, and has a neuroprotective effect on neuronal damage.