• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.48-56
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• 2018

The present study aimed to understand the variation in seed germination according to the storage period after harvest in the accessions of cultivated and weedy types of Perilla species in Korea. In this milieu, we investigated the germination rate and germination energy of 59 Perilla accessions (15 cultivated var. frutescens type I, 4 cultivated var. frutescens type II, 20 weedy var. frutescens, and 20 weedy var. crispa), which were harvested in autumn 2016. The accessions of cultivated var. frutescens (type I) showed an average germination rate of 80.8% 6 months after harvest; however, the accessions of weedy var. frutescens and var. crispa showed an average germination rate of 0.9% and 8.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the accessions of cultivated var. frutescens (type II) showed an average germination rate of 18.2%. The accessions of cultivated var. frutescens (type I) showed an average germination energy of 75.8%, while the accessions of weedy var. frutescens and var. crispa showed an average germination energy of 0.6% and 6.9%, respectively. In addition, the accessions of cultivated var. frutescens (type II) showed an average germination energy of 14.3%. The germination rate and germination energy for the accessions of cultivated and weedy types of Perilla species increased marginally at 2 months from the first month after harvest. However, it did not significantly increase until six months after that. According to our results, there are two types of cultivated var. frutescens, namely, type I, which showed high germination rate and germination energy, and type II, which showed low germination rate and germination energy. The results of this study will provide basic information to understand variations in the germination of seeds during 6 months of storage period after harvest in the accessions of cultivated and weedy types of Perilla species in Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.416-423
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• 2013

Germination is controlled by internal factors of seeds and external factors such as water, temperature and light. We investigated the relationship between germination characteristics of four waxy rice cultivars and patterns of water uptake, antioxidant enzymes and free soluble sugars during early imbibition. Seed viabilities by tetrazolium test of four different rice cultivars were higher than 95% and germination rates of the hulled rice seeds were on 95% average. However, germination rate of intact rice among four cultivars showed a big difference depending on temperature. Water uptake of hulled and intact rice seeds during imbibition reached a stationary phase at around 30% moisture content. Although rates of water uptake were faster in hulled rice and high temperature than intact rice and low temperature condition, difference of those among cultivars was greater under low temperature than high temperature. The time required for rice seeds to uptake 30% water was negatively correlated with percentage of germination, germination energy, germination speed and mean germination time. Guaiacol peroxidase activity at 24h of imbibition was correlated with germination energy and germination speed but not percentage of germination. Catalase activity, soluble protein and maltose concentration at 24h of imbibition were not correlated with characteristics of germination. These results suggest that a time required for rice seeds to uptake 30% of water significantly correlated with germination and guaiacol peroxidase activity during early imbibition plays an important role in initiation of germination.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2008

Lettuce, a typical light-induced seed germination type, exhibits different germination responses according to cultivars, light quality, and plant growth regulator (PGR) treatments. Germination rates in most tested cultivars were over 85% under both white and red light, and were slightly decreased by blue light. Although photo-inhibition in germination was observed from most cultivars by far-red light, 'Cheongguangcheongchima', 'Okdol', and 'Manchudaecheongchima' could be classified as photo-insensitive lettuce cultivars by exhibiting the germination rates as 78,63, and 48% under for-red light, respectively. 6-Benzylamino purine (BAP) and kinetin promoted seed germination and normal seedling production under far-red light, but ethephon did not show any positive effects. Cytokinins such as BAP, kinetin, thidiazuron (TDZ), and zeatin overcame photo-inhibition of seed germination even the concentration of below $50\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. However, auxins such as IBA, 2,4-D, and NAA failed to overcome the far-red light-induced photo-inhibition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.38-38
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• 2022

녹비작물은 천연비료로서 화학비료 사용량을 감소시키고 이산화탄소를 흡수해 농업분야에서 온실가스 저감을 위해 사용하고 있다. 녹비작물을 이용하여 지속가능한 친환경 농업의 필요성이 증대되고 있는 실정이다. 화본과 녹비작물은 두과 녹비작물에 비해 탄소 물질의 함량과 biomass가 상대적으로 높아 토양 내 유기물증진을 위한 재배에 적합하다. 이에 화본과 녹비작물 중 하나인 수단그라스의 발아 및 휴면특성 검정을 진행하여 발아 적정조건을 찾아 유기종자 생산기술 개발을 위한 자료로 활용하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 수단그라스 4품종(GW104G, Cadan99B, TE-Evergreen, Sweet home)을 공시품종으로 사용하였다. 표준발아검사에 따라 각 품종별 종자를 100립씩 3반복 치상하여 10일간 발아검정 진행 후 발아율, 발아세, 평균발아일수, 발아속도를 조사하였다. 첫 번째 실험은 침종시간 및 치상온도별 실험으로 시간별(무처리/5/10/15/20/25hr)로 침종한 후, 생장상(10/20/30/40℃)에 보관하여 정상아 개수를 파악하였다. 두 번째 실험은 휴면타파 실험으로 1~5일 동안 종자를 예냉(무처리/5/10/15℃)과 고온(50℃) 처리한 후, 첫 번째 실험 결과에 따라 발아 최적 조건(침종 20hr, 치상온도 20℃)에서 발아시킨 후 정상아 개수를 파악하였다. 수단그라스 4품종의 치상온도별 발아율은 20℃에서 평균 92±6.9%로 가장 높았으며, TE-evergreen의 경우 치상온도 10℃에서 10시간, 20℃에서 20시간, 30와 40℃에서 15시간 침종한 값이 유의적으로 높은 발아율을 보였다. 수단그라스 4품종의 평균발아일수(MGT)는 침종 20시간과 치상온도 30℃일 때 평균 1.21±1.14일로 가장 빨랐으며 발아속도(GR)는 침종 20시간과 치상온도 20℃의 조건일 때 89.9±5.92로 가장 빨랐다. 수단그라스 4품종의 휴면타파 온도별 발아율은 10℃에서 평균 92±9.3%로 가장 높았다. TE-evergreen의 경우 휴면타파 온도 5, 10, 15℃에서 4~5일 동안 처리한 값이 무처리와 50℃처리에 비해 유의적으로 높은 발아율을 보였다. 수단그라스 발아검사 결과, 20시간 침종 후 20~40℃에서 2~3일간 발아시킬 경우 90%이상의 발아율을 보이므로 파종을 위한 종자 전처리를 할 경우 이와 같은 조건에서 진행하는 것이 바람직 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.501-514
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• 2017

This study examined the relationship between dinoflagellate cysts and vegetative cells, to a certain extent, by conducting a germination experiment on dinoflagellate cysts collected from a sediment trap and surface sediment. The germination experiment showed that 56.8%, 25 of the 44 species of dinoflagellate cysts seen in the sediment trap, germinated, which confirmed the relationship between cysts and vegetative cells. The germination experiment also found that Votadinium carvum showed different forms of vegetative cells in all three forms of cysts, which required an accurate identification of the species through a genetic analysis. Furthermore, the species known to be the cyst of Cochlodinium polykrikoides was determined to be Cochlodinium sp., and the cysts of C. polykrikoides did not appear.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.265-268
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• 2001

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of temperature, light, seed harvesting time, storage temperature, and period on its germination of Astragalus membranaceus. Optimum germination temperature was ${20{\sim}25^{\circ}C}$ and it was found to be light insensitive seed. The germination rates were not significantly different between 1-year and 2-year old plants, and seed harvesting times. Seeds stored at such cold temperatures as ${-4^{\circ}C\;and\;-20^{\circ}C}$ for 15 months showed over 80% in germination rate at the 6th day after placement. On the other hand, low germination rate of 60% at the 11th day was observed from the seeds stored at $4^{\circ}$ and room temperature.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.574-578
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• 2016

For the last few decades, much research has been tried to improve crop’s characteristics such as crop yield, quality, seeding period and environmental adaptability. In this paper, the effect of nanobubbles on the germination rate of barley seed is experimentally investigated. The air nanobubble was generated in water by gas-liquid mixing method. The results were shown that the mean diameter and concentration of nanobubble fabricated in DI water are 133 ㎚ and 8.59✕10⁸ particles/㎖, respectively. Also, the seed germination rate for the nanobubble water was approximately 40 % higher than that of pure water.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.534-539
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• 2014

This study was carried out to establish seed propagation method of Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold & Zucc., one of the specific and protected plant species for the floral region. Seed size ranged $1.36{\times}0.84mm$, weight of thousand seeds was $2.3{\pm}0.02mg$. Observation of seed morphology characters showed wrinkled surface and elliptical shape, indicating amber color and fine seeds. Moisture contents of seeds, increased rapidly by water-soaking treatment, recording maximum moisture contents (31.9%) after 48 hours. Percent germination of seeds was higher under the light than dark condition. Seed germination was the best at $25^{\circ}C$ under the light condition (78.0%) among temperature and light conditions treated. Percent germination, germination energy and $T_{50}$ was greatly improved by soaking in $GA_3$ solutions for 48 hours. Especially, $100{\sim}500mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $GA_3$ treatment resulted in the highest germination rate as 90.0% and above.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.47-47
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• 2022

단자엽식물은 잎의 곡선과 직선의 조화가 아름다워 관상용으로 가치가 높은 식물이다. 이로 인해 자생 단자엽식물의 실내 관상 및 조경용 소재개발 연구가 활성화되고 있으나 재배에 대한 정보는 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 국내 자생 단자엽식물인 참김의털[Festuca ovina L. var. coreana (St.-Yves) St.-Yves], 청사초(Carex breviculmis R.Br.), 골풀[Juncus decipiens (Buchenau) Nakai]을 대상으로 몇 가지 재배 조건에 대한 생육 차이를 확인하였다. 국립생물자원관으로부터 분양 받은 세 종의 종자는 휴면 여부와 발아 적온을 확인하기 위해 종자를 페트리디쉬에 파종한 후 15, 20, 25, 30℃(명 또는 암조건) 및 25/15℃(16/8h, 명/암) 조건에 배치하였다. 재배실험은 유리온실에서 수행되었으며, 토양에 파종 후 4주간 육묘한 다음 균일한 생육상태의 묘를 7cm 포트에 이식하여 실험의 재료로 사용하였다. 토양실험은 시판 원예용상토와 마사토를 혼합하여 사용하였으며, 비율을 1:1, 2:1 및 3:1로 조성하였다. 차광 환경은 55, 75% 차광과 무차광 조건으로 달리 하였으며, 추비는 재배 6, 8, 10주차에 500, 1,000ppm의 하이포넥스(NPK 7-10-6) 용액을 엽면시비 하였다. 토양실험을 제외한 모든처리구에서는 원예상토 단용을 사용하였으며, 이식 후 12주간 재배하였다. 발아 실험 결과, 참김의털은 명조건에서 25/15와 15℃를 제외하고 발아율이 10% 이하로 조사되었으며, 암조건에서 온도가 증가할수록 발아율이 감소하였다. 청사초는 모든 온도에서 90%이상 발아하였으며, 암조건의 경우 발아율이 10% 이하로 조사되어 광발아성 종자로 확인되었다. 골풀은 실험이 진행된 30일 동안 모든온도에서 발아하지 않았으나, 재배실험을 위해 토양에 파종된 골풀은 파종 약3주 이후 발아가 관찰되었다. 재배실험 결과, 참김의털과 청사초의 경우 2:1로 혼합한 토양에서 엽수와 분얼수, 생체중 등이 가장 높게 조사되어 관상적 가치가 높았으며, 골풀은 3:1의 혼합토양에서 생육이 가장 우수하였다. 차광은 세 종 모두에게서 생육에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 청사초와 골풀은 500ppm의 하이포넥스를 시비하였을 때 생육이 촉진되었다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.166-173
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• 1993

Seed infection to pod and stem blight (Diaporthe phaseolorum) is severe at summer type soybeans maturing at hot and humid conditions. In order to increase germination and plant stand, this experiments were evaluated the effects of fungicide Benoram(Benomyl 20% ${\pm}$ Thiram 20%) seed treatments with different seed sizes on emergence yield at field conditions, and with different infection degrees to pod and stem blight on germination in laboratory. Benoram treatment on seed was improved emergence rate and elongated hypocotyl not increased growth and yield. It was clearly improved length but germinations and germination speed by Benoram fungicide treatment on severely infected seed however was not improved germination rate at good quality of seeds and the effect was higher at large seed cultivar than small ones.