• 멤브레인
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.258-262
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• 2004

Trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA)는 발수발유용 특수도료나 광섬유의 외관에 중요하게 쓰여지는 코팅제에 쓰여지는 산업적으로 중요한 단량체로, 주로 산촉매 하에 trifluoro ethanol (TFEA)와 methacrylic acid (MA)의 에스테르화 반응에 의해 제조된다. 이러한 TFEMA의 제조에 투과증발막의 적용가능성을 알아보기 위한 선행연구로서, 상용화된 폴리비닐알콜계 투과증발막(GFT Membrane $Pervap^{\circledR}1005$)을 대상으로 반응물의 하나인 trifluoroethanol (TFEA)을 대상으로 온도와 농도의 변화에 따른 투과증발실험을 실시하였다. 투과증발실험 결과 TFEA 농도가 90에서 99 wt%로 높아질수록 투과용액 내의 물의 감소에 기인한 전체투과량은 감소하였다. TFEA/물 선택도는 95 wt% TFEA 농도까지는 높아지는 경향을 보였지만 97 wt%부터 감소하여 99 wt%에서는 급격히 감소하였다. 운전온도가 상승함에 따라 투과도의 증가와 더불어, 선택도도 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 적용된 TFEA 농도와 운전온도의 범위에서 GFT막은 물에 대한 우수한 투과도와 선택성을 보였다. 이러한 TFEA/물 혼합용액에 대한 높은 탈수성능은 GFT 투과증발막이 TFEMA의 에스테르화 막반응기에 적용될 수 있음을 확인시켜 주었다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.641-647
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• 2012

This study investigates the sound properties of fabric frictional sound (SPL, ${\Delta}L$, ${\Delta}f$) according to the film type of PTFE laminated vapor-permeable water-repellent fabrics in order to understand the relationship between SPL and the basic properties of fabrics such as layer, yarn type, and thickness of fiber. This study accesses their mechanical properties and determines how to control them to minimize SPL. Eight PTFE laminated water-repellent fabrics, composed of four different film types (A, B, C, D) and with two different fabrics, were used as test specimens. Frictional sounds generated at 1.21m/s were recorded by using a fabric sound generator and SPLs were analyzed through Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). The mechanical properties of fabrics were measured by KES-FB. The SPL value was lowest at 74.4dB in film type A and highest as 85.5dB in type D. Based on ANOVA and post-hoc test, specimens were classified into less Loud Group (A, B) and Loud Group (C, D). It was shown that SPL was lower when 2 layer (instead of 3 layer), filament yarn than staple, and thin fiber than thick were used. In Group I, shearing properties (G, 2HG5), geometrical roughness (SMD), compressional properties (LC, RC) and weight (W) showed high correlation with SPL however, elongation (EM) and shear stiffness (G) did with SPL in Group II.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2014

경량골재의 내부공극을 통한 탄산가스 유입으로 인해 경량골재콘크리트는 보통콘크리트에 비해 탄산화가 더 빠르게 진행되는 문제점을 극복하고자, 4가지 표면코팅제로 코팅된 경량골재를 사용한 콘크리트에 대하여 탄산화 저항성을 보통 경량골재콘크리트, 보통콘크리트와 비교 분석하였다. 코팅경량골재를 사용한 콘크리트가 보통 경량골재콘크리트보다 우수한 탄산화 저항성을 보였으며, 특히 발수제보다는 고분자계 코팅제를 사용하였을 때 더 우수한 저항성을 나타내었다.

• 폴리머
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.364-369
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• 2003

보호된 이소시아네이트기를 가지는 발수성 아크릴계 고분자를 합성하기 위해 개시제로 $\alpha$,$\alpha$'-아조비스이소부틸로니트릴을 사용하여 2-fluorohexylethyl acrylate (FA)와 2-(o-(1'-methylpropylidenamino)carboxyl amino)ethyl methacrylate(MEM)를 몰비를 변화시키면서 메틸 에틸 케톤 중에서 공중합하였다. 합성한 공중합체중의 MEM과 FA의 함량을 NMR로 분석하였다. 이 결과를 이용하여 Kelen-Tudos 플로트에 의해 MEM (1)과 FA (2)의 단량체 반응성비를 구하였다. 그 결과 r$_{1}$＝1.59였고 r$_{2}$＝0.50였다. 이들 고분자의 수평균분자량은 39400에서 72400사이에 있었고 다분산 지수는 대략 1.5정도였다. 그 고분자중의 보호된 이소시아네이트기는 15$0^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서 이소시아네이트기로 재생되었다. FA를 65 ㏖% 함유하는 고분자의 물에 대한 접촉각은 95$^{\circ}$정도였다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 1991

In the preparation of acrylic water repellent(EDLWC). quaternized 2-diethylarrunoethylmethacrylate-stearylmethacrylate copolymer (DSACC) and quaternized 1-Iaurovlbis(aminoethyl)-2-dodecylimidazoline(LDDIC) were selected as a basic resin and the improving agent such as softening effect and hydrostatic pressure of the water repellent. EDLWC was prepared by blending waxes and emulsifier for waxes with various ratio to DSACC and LDDIC. As the results of the measurement of water repellency, washable, tear strength and crease recovery to polyester-cotton(P/C) blended fabrics treated with EDLWC only or addition of textile finishing resin, the physical properties were increased. Sodium acetate was the most effective catalyst in the water repellency among the various kinds of catalyst. and the reasonable concentration of the catalyst was 1. 4 wt%. EDLWC was confirmed as durable water repellent with the results of making little difference of water repellency as ${\pm}5$ point after and before washing. The reaction mechanism between P/C blended fabrics and EDLWC in the presence of catalyst was proposed. And also, the longitudinal view of the P/C blended fabrics treated with water repellent was observed with scanning electron microscope.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.1798-1811
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• 2010

This research evaluates the changes in the comfort-related properties of high-density fabric, such as moisture permeability and waterproofness, in order to assess the relative importance of laundry conditions for clothing properties after repeated laundering and suggest the best laundering conditions for high-density fabric through the identification of the most influential factor. A commercial high-density fabric was washed 25 times in a drum-type washer using nine different laundry conditions based on profiles derived from a fractional factorial design. To evaluate the changes in the comfort-related properties of the fabric, pore size, air permeability, water vapor transport, water repellency, and water resistance were measured. The comfort-related properties of the fabric deteriorated after repeated laundering by the damaged surface finish; in addition, the damaged surface also changed the pore size. As a result, the water repellency and water resistance decreased. The detergent was the most responsible factor to change the properties among the four factors of detergent, hardness, temperature, and RPM. The best laundering conditions for the fabric was a neutral detergent, soft water of 70ppm, a temperature of $15^{\circ}C$, and 30rpm.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.24-35
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the changes of surface characteristics of polyester fabrics on the deposition and the removal of oily soils from polyester fabrics in detergency, The relations between the removal of soil and the changes of surface properties of polyester fabrics treated with water- and oil-repellent agents were discussed before and after various wash cycles. Two kinds of fluoropolymers were selected as water-and oil-repellent finishing agents. The effects of water- and oil-repellent finishes were determined by the water repellency and oil repellency. The surface properties of untreated and treated polyester fabrics were evaluated with respect to contact angle and wicking time. The treatment of polyester fabrics with fluoropolymers improved efficiently water repellency, oil repellency, contact angle and wicking time. But those properties were greatly decreased after 3 times of wash cycles in detergency The deposition of oily soils on the untreated fabrics was drastically increased with increasing of wash cycles. The deposition and the removal of oily soils from fabrics treated with fluoropolymer having hydrophobic components were very low after various wash cycles. The deposition and the removal of oily soils on the fabrics treated with fluoropolymer having hydrophilic components were high comparatively after various wash cycles. Even though the surface properties of treated fabrics were greatly decreased with the increasing of wash cycles, the remains of oily soils on the fabrics were lower than those of untreated fabrics in various wash cycles. But the remains of soils were drastically increased after 10 times of wash cycles in any cases.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2008

Wool fabric having high moisture content were treated with fluorocarbon-based water and oil repellent finishing agents by pad-dry-cure system. Three types of finishing agents which were regular-type or nano-type were adapted to compare the surface chemical composition, water and oil repellent property, crease recovery angle, and durability to repeated laundering. From the surface chemical compositions resulted by ESCA and C1s curve-fitting, it was shown that the regular-type finishing agent were easily taken off from the finished wool fabrics after repeated laundering. On the other hand, the fluoroalkyl groups of nano-type finishing agents turned round from fabric surface to fiber internal after repeated laundering. The water repellency of the wool fabrics treated with regular-type agent had a little changes according to the treatment condition changes and sharply decreased with repeated laundering. However, these values when treated with nano-type agents increased with the concentration and cure temperature and were maintained after 20 times laundering. The wool fabrics treated with nano-type agent had a great oil repellency irrespective of treatment conditions. Furthermore, the wrinkle recovery values of the wool fabrics treated with nano-type agents were higher than those of the fabrics treated with regular-type agent and were unchanged after 20 times laundering.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2013

In this study, a micro/nano-random-pattern-structure surface was machined by electric discharge machining (EDM) followed by replicating the EDM surface with a silicone elastomer having low energy and greater hydrophobicity. The variation of hydrophobicity was of prime interest and was examined as a function of the surface roughness of the replicated silicone elastomer. The hydrophobicity was evaluated by the water contact angle (WCA) measured on the relevant surface. For the experiments, the original surfaces were machined by die sinking electric discharge machining (DS-EDM) and wire cutting electric discharge machining (WC-EDM). The ranges of surface roughness were Ra $0.8{\sim}19{\mu}m$ for the DS-EDM and Ra $0.5{\sim}4.7{\mu}m$ for the WC-EDM. In order to fabricate a hydrophobic surface, the EDM surfaces were directly replicated using a liquid-state silicone elastomer, which was thermally cured. The measured WCA on the replicated surfaces for DS-EDM was in the range of $115{\sim}130^{\circ}$ and for WC-EDM the WCA was in the range of $123{\sim}150^{\circ}$. Additionally, the dynamic hydrophobicity was evaluated by measuring an advancing and a receding WCA on the replicated silicone elastomer surfaces.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.325-334
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• 2010

이 연구에서는 석조문화재 강화제의 처리 효과를 정량적으로 규명하기 위해 화강석분과 포틀랜드시멘트를 이용하여 강도가 낮은 인공 다공질 시료를 제작하고, 여기에 4종의 알콕시실란계 강화제와 아크릴수지, 에폭시수지 등 상업화 된 6종의 강화제를 적용하여 처리 전과 후의 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 실험 결과, Silres BS OH 100은 밀도 및 표면 경도 향상에 효과적이며, 발수성의 SS-101과 친수성의 Site SX-RO는 염풍화에 대해 향상된 내구성을 보였다. Araldite 2020은 물리적 기능 향상에 가장 효과적이나, Syton HT-50 및 Paraloid B72는 낮은 침투율로 인해 표면 일부에 처리효과가 집중되어 전체적으로는 풍화에 취약한 것으로 나타났다.