• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2004

In this study the development of the two dimensional flowfield around an impulsively translated circular cylinder is numerically simulated using the diffusion vortex method. A detailed streamline pattern of fore wake and main wake of Re=1200, 9500 flowfields are investigated. The results of streamline pattern, the size of main wake and the axial velocities along the rear symmetry axis of the circular cylinder show good agreement with the reported experimental results. The long term wake delvelopment for Re=1200 flowfield was calculated up to ${\tau}=50$. The vortex shedding frequency shows the similar value as that of reported.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.731-740
• /
• 2001

A numerical study on the quantitative analogy between the fully developed turbulent flow in a straight square duct rotating about an axis perpendicular to that of the duct and that in a stationary curved duct of square cross-section is carried out. In order to clarify the similarity of the two flows, dimensionless parameters K(sub)TR=Re(sup)1/4/√Ro and Rossby number, Ro, in a rotating straight duct flow were used as a set corresponding to K(sub)TC=Re(sup)1/4/√λ and curvature ratio, λ, in a stationary curved duct flow so that they have the same dynamical meaning as those of the fully developed laminar flows. For the large values of Ro or λ, it is shown that the flow field satisfies the asymptotic invariance property, that is, there are strong quantitative similarities between the two flows such as flow patterns and friction factors for the same values of K(sub)TR and K(sub)TC.

• Solar Energy
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.91-103
• /
• 1995

Non-gray radiation with convection in the entrance region of a smooth tube is numerically investigated. The fluid is a mixture of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and nitrogen to simulate combustion products of propane. The flow is assumed to be laminar and hydrodynamically and thermally developing. The P-1 approximation is used to simplify the radiative transfer equation and the exponential wide band model is adapted to model the spectral absorption coefficients of non-gray gas mixture. The bulk mean temperature and Nusselt number variation along the tube axis are shown for several inlet and wall temperature pairs to show the effect of temperature on the heat transfer characteristics. Nusselt numbers for simultaneously developing flow are compared to those for thermally developing flow. In addition, the effect of the mole fraction of the non-gray gases on convective and radiative Nusselt numbers is investigated.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2000.12a
• /
• pp.253-258
• /
• 2000

유량을 정밀하게 측정하기 위해서는 유량계의 위치 선정이 매우 중요하다. 일반적으로 유량계가 설치되는 배관에는 확대관, 축소관, 엘보우, T자관, 밸브 등이 설치된다. 이러한 배관 연결기구는 매우 복잡한 유동현상을 야기하기 때문에 유량 측정에 지대한 영향을 미친다. 따라서 이러한 배관 연결기구가 설치되었을 때 관 내부의 유동현상을 이해하는 것이 유량을 정밀하게 측정할 수 있는 중요한 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 배관에 엘보우 T자관 밸브 등이 설치된 경우에 관내의 유동 특성을 상용코드인 FLUENT를 사용하여 전산해석 하였다. 축방향 속도 2차유동, 압력장 등을 계산하여 고찰하였으며, 또한 완전히 발달된 형태의 유동이 얻어질 때까지의 유동장의 변화를 검토하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.45 no.6
• /
• pp.766-787
• /
• 2010

This study seeks to clarify the process of development and the change of freight flows in the influence areas of Pyeongtaek and Dangjin Port, which opened lately. The results of analysis are as follows: from development period to growth period, the relation between the development of the port and the change of the hinterland and foreland shows no great change and the freight concentration rates of the first hinterland and foreland decreased, but those of periphery region increased. While the composition rate of import and export freight of vehicle, fuel and energy decreased, the rate of imported freights (iron or steel, other textile articles, rag and organic compounds) and exported freight (manufacture of basic metals) increased. The reasons for such changes in influence areas of port were the increase of export to China and the U.S.A. in the development period, the increase of import from China in the growth period and the diversification of nations from which fuel and energy were imported.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.7-18
• /
• 2021

A semi-active MR damper landing gear is a damper that generates a fluid damping force and a magnetic field control damping force when the MR fluid passes through annular flow paths. In the case of MR fluid passing through annular flow paths, an incompletely developed flow inevitably occurs, causing an error in calculating damper inner forces including the fluid damping force. This error results in an inaccurate design of damper structural parameters and control gain selection, resulting in deterioration of dynamic characteristics and shock absorption performance of the landing gear. In this paper, we derived a mathematical model of an MR damper landing gear considering additional damping force generated in the entrance region of annular flow paths of the MR damper. If the mathematical modeling derived from this paper is applied to the design and optimization process of an MR damper landing gear, excellent performance of the MR damper landing gear is expected.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
• /
• v.68
• /
• pp.279-306
• /
• 2021

This paper intends to say that children's worship as a liturgy for children living in modern society is an important place to support children's personal development and experience of coziness necessary for their personal development. To this end, this thesis first regards modern society as an unstable society, analyzes fluid society and individualism as the causes, and deals with changes in educational style accordingly. In a fluid society, children are not provided with a solid form and lasting environment that supports personality development, and the education style changed under the influence of individualism and pluralism requires a heavy task of determining the direction of one's life and constantly making choices and decisions. Therefore, children need rules and forms that help them live together, and they need a space that can give them comfort that helps them develop their personality. As an argument for this, second, this paper deals with the concept and function of the liturgy in order to understand the worship of children as the liturgy. The third deals with the elements necessary for the development of children's personality that can be experienced in children's worship. First, it deals with the meaning of religious, aesthetic, and communal driving forces that children can experience in children's worship, focusing on Eberhard's research. In addition, it deals with the meaning of language and expression methods provided in children's worship, and finally, it says that children's worship can be a space where you can experience stability and coziness. Through this, it is emphasized that children's worship can play an important role in supporting the personal development of children living in modern times.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1995.10a
• /
• pp.90-103
• /
• 1995

The field of computational fluid dynamics(CFD) is rapidly approaching the stage where viscous flows over complex configurations are solved. However, the situation is not as promising when one considers a more complete configuration. CFD is not a banana, but a onion. The difficulties arise mainly because the task of generating the grids for modeling such complex geometries is tedious. The primary interest of the author is in the area of grid generation, in particular, duct flow calculations typically encountered in the internal flow. Pertinent examples will be cited to demonstrate the feasibility of solving viscous flow over practical duct configurations of current interest on grid topologies.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.927-936
• /
• 1990

본 연구에서는 정4각 단면덕트의 입구영역에서 층류 정상유동의 유동특성을 이론적 및 실험적인 방법으로 속도파형과 속도분포를 얻어서 유동이 발달되고 있는 유 동특성과 입구길이를 규정하였다. 이론적인 방법으로는 덕트입구영역에서 공기유동 에 대한 운동량방정식을 유도한 후, 운동량방정식 중의 비선형인 대류항을 선형화시켜 서 Laplace변환으로 속도 분포식의 해를 구하였고, 실험적인 방법으로는 시험덕트의 크기가 40*40*4,000nm(가로*세로*높이)인 정 4각단면덕트에 송풍기로 공기를 흡입 하여 정상유동을 얻었고, 열선유속계에 의하여 속도파형과 속도분포 등의 측정한 결과 를 이론식과 비교검토하였다.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.34-37
• /
• 1981

FSC는 상시지방적을 보유하는 특성을 가지고 있으므로 지방섭취세포(fat-storing cell, FSC)라고 명명되어으며 유동에 노출하는 성세포, 내피세포와 달리 이 세포의 유동면은 교원직유와 내피세포에서 유래하는 윤랑선에 의하여 피복된다. 더욱이 이 세포는 각종 척추동물에 존재한다는 사실이 확인 되었으며 그 지방적은 동물의 종류에 따라 특유한 형을 구비하는 동시에 개체차가 없다. FSC는 이물탐식성이 없으며 지방적을 함유한 성세포와는 위치적, 기능적으로 다르다는 것이 증명되었다. 발생학적으로는 간엽세포에 속하며 유사분제에 의하여 증식능력을 가지고 있다. 이 세포에는 glycogen이 증명되며 모든 지방세포의 실험이 나타나는 성적에서와 유사하게 항시 지방을 합성하여 종의 특유한 형을 가진 지방적으로서 저장됨을 시사하였다. 전현적관륜에 의하여 FSC가 유동주위강(disse腔) 속에 있어 성세포, 내피세포와는 달리 유동에 노출하지 않고 항상 내피세포층과 교원직유에 의하여 유동에서 격리됨을 추정하였다. 이로 인하여 많은 학자들에 의하여 FSC가 승인을 받았다. 오늘날에는 유동을 둘러싸고 있는 상재세포가 내피세포, 성세포 및 FSC의 3종임이 인증이 되었다. 이 세포의 미세구조상의 특징은 기저막이 없는 공허한 세포로 보이나 항상지방적(空胞)을 보유하고 잘 발달한 조면소포체를 가지며 유동내피면에 따라 분기확산하는 돌기를 가지고 있다. 그리고 세포체는 유동주위강을 달리는 무수신경직유의 varicosity (사립체 및 신경결합소포를 함유한 신경종말)와의 사이에 adrenalin 작동성 synaps를 형성한다. FSC의 기능적 의의는 ㄱ, 간소엽내 교원직유형성에 참여 ㄴ. 유동내피하 돌기는 내피를 외측에서 지지하고 보강하며 또한 유동을 둘러싸고 연장하는 돌기는 수축하여 유동강을 축소한다. ㄷ. 지방을 저장하여 간세포의 energe원을 공급하며 VitaminA를 그 속에 저장한다. ㄹ. 간의 해독작용에 관여한다.