• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.4 s.50
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• pp.363-381
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• 2006

Mineral compositions of granitic rocks from Geochang, Pocheon, Iksan, and China were obtained by the modal analysis, CIPW norm calculations, and Rietveld quantitative analysis for stone specification of the Geochang granitic rocks. The Geochang granitic rocks show grey to dark in color and medium grained porphyritic texture. They mainly consist of quartz, plagioclase, alkali feldspar, and biotite. Among three different method for determining the mineral compositions of granitic rocks, normative compositions using X-ray fluorescence data are not appropriate for representing real mineral composition. Rietveld quantitative analysis using X-ray powder diffraction data is proved better method to determine exact mineral compositions than modal analysis using microscopic observation. Q-A-P diagram shows that the Geochang granitic rocks are typical granodiorite, whereas the granitic rocks of Pocheon, Iksan, and China are monzogranite, monzogranite to granodiorite, and granodiorite, respectively. Compared to China ones, the Geochang granitic rocks are nearly close to each other in mineral composition.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.4 s.42
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• pp.212-225
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• 2005

This study has been designed to elucidate the morphology of Jisagae columnar joints and the petrography and petrochemistry of Daepodong basalt in Jeju Island, distributed along the 3.5 km-long coast from Seongcheonpo to Weolpyeongdong. Colonnade of the Jisagae columnar joint typically occurs within the upper part of a flow and consists of relatively well-formed basalt columns. Most columns are straight with parallel sides and diameters from 100 cm to 205 cm, $130\~139\;cm$ in maximum. Length of the columns extends up to 20 m. Most columns tend to have 6 or 5 sides but sometimes they have as few as $3\~4$ or as many as 7 or 8 sides. The Daepodong basalt consists of plagioclase, olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, ilmenite and magnetite. Plagioclase is labradorite, clinopyroxene is augite, orthopyroxene is bronzite and olivine is chrysolite and hyalosiderite. The Daepodong basalt shows porphyritic texture with matrix of mainly intersetal texture. The Daepodong basalt is plotted into alkali rock series on the TAS diagram. The tectonic setting of the Daepodong basalt represents within plate environment.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2017

The stone lantern of the four guardian kings in the Beopjusa temple at Boeun was mainly made of biotite granodiorite consisting of porphyritic-textured potassium feldspar and included in ilmenite series. A base stone made of alkali granite was buried, after founded its place during an earlier restoration process. Cracking and break out are noticeable on this object. In addition, discoloration, salt crusting, and epiphytes were observed. The lantern was vulnerable in terms of physical and structural stability caused by cracking in the front and back of the light chamber and in the non-horizontal direction. According to the conservational condition of the stone lantern, structural reinforcement was carried out based on calculations, including those on the position, size, and anchor length of the titanium stiffener. Chemical and biological pollutants were washed off without damage to the surface of the stone material. Oxygenated iron pieces were replaced with titanium. Ethyl silicate was applied to the surface of the lantern for consolidation and smooth drainage.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.185-194
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• 2018

The basaltic rocks of Daljeon-ri columnar joint (Natural Monuments # 415) and Noeseongsan Noerok site (Natural Monuments # 547) were analysed in order to understand basalt types of two areas. The basaltic rocks of the Pohang Daljeon-ri columnar joint show a typical porphyritic texture containing phenocrysts (olivine and clinopyroxene) and groundmasses composed of clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and opaque minerals,. In contrast, basaltic rocks of Noeseongsan Noerok are characterized by fine-grained groundmass with large phenocrysts of plagioclase. Other analysis such as magnetic susceptibility, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence also support the petrological differences of two basalt rocks. The Daljeon-ri basaltic rocks are plotted on phonotephrite volcanic rocks of alkaline series in TAS(total alkali silica), and on within plate basalt in Zr-Ti diagram. The Noeseongsan basalts, on the other hand, are plotted on basaltic andesite to andesite of sub-alkaline series in TAS, and on volcanic arc basalt in Zr-Ti diagram. These results indicate that the original mantle materials between two basalt rocks were different each other, which probably originated from the change of a tectonic setting in the southeastern Korean peninsula during the Miocene.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.709-717
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• 1999

Background & Method : Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia(BOOP) is a specific clinicopathologic condition characterized by chronic inflammatory interstitial infiltrates. Cryptogenic form of BOOP presents subacute clinical course of flu-like illness, such as cough, fever, dyspnea with exertion and other constitutional symptoms. Pathologically it shows the presence of granulation tissue filling the lumen of terminal and respiratory bronchioles, extending into distal airspaces. Recently, we reviewed 24 cases of idiopathic type of BOOP, 5 cases of our hospital and another 19 cases on Korean literatures, and compared with reviewed data from foreign literatures. Results : Mean age was 54 years old and there was female preponderance in domestic reports. Their common presenting symptoms were dyspnea and cough, and mean duration of illness was 41 days. On chest examination, inspiratory crackle was a common finding. The laboratory findings were nonspecific except hypoxemia. Lung function studies revealed restrictive defect or combined obstructive and restrictive pattern in most patients. Bilateral patchy and nonsegmental alveolar opacities constituted characterized radiographic finding, highlighted on high resolution computed tomogram. It showed a favorable prognosis with an excellent responsiveness to corticosteroid therapy. The clinical features and laboratory findings were similar between domestic and foreign cases except female preponderance in Korean cases. Conclusion : If the clinical course is atypical or pregressive under proper treatment, clinicians should reevaluate clinical features and radiographic findings under the consideration of BOOP. Tissue confirmation would be recommended for the definitive diagnosis of BOOP.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.44-49
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• 2000

Objective of this study was to determine the Si distribution and extent of control of powdery mildew diseases of cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.). The distribution of silicon in the leaf epidermis of cucumber plants grown in hydroponic nutrient solutions supplemented with soluble silicates was examined using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The silicate absorbed from nutrient solution was translocated into cucumber leaves, and accumulated mainly in the cells surrounding the base of trichome hairs. Base cells surrounding the trichomes also had high levels of Si, Ca, and K. Si levels in the epidermal cells for low Si treatment were not detectable except in the trichome bases. Hyphal lengths of powdery mildew occurring on cucumber leaves cultivated in medium with high concentration of silicate were remarkably shorter than those of cucumber leaves cultivated with low concentration of silicate. There was a negative correlation between hyphal length of S. fuliginea and silicate concentrations.

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.173-182
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• 2022

Dongsuak crater, located in the mid-mountainous region of Jeju Island, is located at an altitude of about 700 m, and the newly discovered Dongsuak spinel peridotites was enclosed in Dongsuak alkaline basalt. The Dongsuak spinel peridotites are composed of olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, and spinel with porphyroclastic texture under the an equilibrium state. The variations of mineral major and trace compositions indicates that the Dongsuak spinel peridotites originate at depth from 66 to 88 km under an equilibrium temperature of about 960℃~1068℃. The Dongsuak spinel peridotites have been undergone about 1~3% fractional melting. The LREE-enriched characteristics indicate that the Dongsuak spinel peridotites have been undergone cryptic metasomatism by silicate melt without new minerals.

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.365-376
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• 2023

Songaksan, formed about 3800 year ago, is one of the tuff rings in the Jeju Island. Mantle xenoliths, spinel peridotites, are enclosed in the Songaksan Trachybasalt. The spinel peridotites are less than 2 cm in size and are composed of olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, and spinel. The uniform compositions of the minerals from core to rim indicate that equilibrium was reached in the spinel peridotites before these were enclosed in the host magma. The spinel peridotites originated at depths between 55 and 60 km with equilibrium temperatures ranging from 915 to 968℃. The spinel peridotites from Songaksan reveal porphyroclastic texture with a lot of neoblast minerals. Olivines display strong kink banding, indicating that the upper mantle of Songaksan has been deformed. The spinel peridotites from Songaksan have undergone about 5~7% fractional melting, and cryptic metasomatism by an silicate melt. The period of entrainment and transport of the spinel peridotites in the host magma is about 15 days.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.210-225
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• 1997

From their general natures of peraluminous, S-type and ilmenite-series granites, two-mica granites in the Cheongsan, Inje-Hongcheon, Yeongju and Namwon areas were originated from crust-derived granitic magma and solidified under reducing condition. Each two-mica granite in Inje-Hongcheon and Namwon districts was differentiated from the the residual magma of porphyric biotite granite and high Ti/Mg biotite granite, respectively. The genetic relationships between two-mica granite and porphyritic biotite granite in Chenongsan district and between two-mica granite and biotite granodiorite in Yeongju district are ambiguous. In Namwon district granitic magmas were water-saturated and possible water solubilities in magmas were more than 5.8wt.%. In Yeongju district two-mica granitic magma was nearly water-saturated and showed possible water solubilities between 2.4~5.8wt.%. Two-mica granitic magmas in Cheongsan and Inje-Hongcheon districts were water-undersaturated. Pressure-dependent minimum melt compositions (0.5~2kb) and petrographic textures of two-mica granites in Inje-Hongcheon and Yeongju districts represent that the granites intruded and solidified at shallow level, whereas those in Cheongsan and Namwon districts exhibit relatively deeper level of granitic intrusion (2-3kb). The intersection of granite-solidus/muscovite stability indicates that magmatic primary muscovite can be crystallized from the water-saturated magma above 1.6kb (ca. 6km), but below the pressure muscovite can be formed by the subsolidus reaction. On the other hand, more pressure would be necessary for the crystallization of primary muscovite from the water-undersaturated magma. This pressure condition can explain the occurrence of primary and secondary muscovites from the two-mica granites in the areas considered. The experimental muscovite stability must be cautious of the application to examine the origin of muscovite. The muscovite stability can move toward high temperature field with adding of Ti, Fe and Mg components to the octahedral site of pure muscovite end member.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.34-45
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• 2004

This paper describes the textural relations of mantle xenoliths and fluid inclusions in mantle-derived rocks found in alkaline basalts from Jeju Island which contain abundant ultramafic, felsic, and cumulate xenoliths. Most of the ultramafic xenoliths are spinel-lherzolites, composed of olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and spinel. The felsic xenoliths considered as partially molten buchites consist of quartz and plagioclase with black veinlets, which are the product of ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism of lower crustal materials. The cumulate xenoliths, clinopyroxene-rich or clinopyroxene megacrysts, are also present. Textural examination of these xenoliths reveals that the xenoliths are typically coarse grained with metamorphic characteristics, testifying to a complex history of evolution of the lower crust/upper mantle source region. The ultramafic xenoliths contain protogranular, porphyroclastic and equigranular textures with annealing features, indicating the presence of shear regime in upper mantle of the Island. The preferential associations of spinel and olivine with large orthopyroxenes suggest a previous high temperature equilibrium in the high-Al field and the original rock-type was a Al-rich orthopyroxene-bearing peridotite without garnet. Three types of fluid inclusions trapped in mantle-derived xenoliths include CO$_2$-rich fluid (Type I), multiphase silicate melt (glass ${\pm}$ devitrified crystals ${\pm}$ one or more daughter crystals ＋ one or more vapor bubbles) (Type II), and sulfide (melt) inclusions (Type III). C$_2$-rich inclusions are the most abundant volatile species in mantle xenoliths, supporting the presence of a separate CO$_2$-rich phase. These CO$_2$-rich inclusions are spatially associated with silicate and sulfide melts, suggesting immiscibility between them. Most multiphase silicate melt inclusions contain considerable amount of silicic glass. reflecting the formation of silicic melts in the lower crust/upper mantle. Combining fluid and melt inclusion data with conventional petrological and geochemical information will help to constrain the fluid regime, fluid-melt-mineral interaction processes in the mantle of the Korean Peninsula and pressure-temperature history of the host xenoliths in future studies.