• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.139-143
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• 2004

최근 고 해상도 위성영상정보의 민간 활용에 대한 수요가 증가하면서 기존의 공간 정보를 다루는 여러 응용분야에서 이에 관련된 많은 연구를 하고 있다. 도시교통 환경 분석을 위하여 위성영상정보를 처리하는 과정에 있어서 도로, 건물, 기타 선 구조와 같은 지형지물을 분석하는 과정은 사용자에 따라 주관적일 수 있다. 이러한 배경에서 수학적 그레이 레벨 모폴로지는 하나의 효과적인 접근으로 간주된다. 본 연구에서 지형지물 추출을 위해 윈도우 운영체제에서 실행되는 실질적인 응용 프로그램을 구현하였다. 이 프로그램에서 주요한 지형지물은 그레이 레벨 영상을 이용하여 개방(opening), 폐쇄(closing), 침식(erosion), 팽창(dilation)의 순차적 처리를 통하여 자동적으로 추출된다. 결과적으로, GDPA, 허프 변환 또는 다른 알고리듬들과 비교시 하나의 이점이 된다. 모폴로지 처리와 같이 본 프로그램은 그레이 레벨 값의 범위에 기반하여 지형지물을 추출을 위한 density slicing 기능 또는 주어진 경계치 보다 작은 화소 군집을 제거하는 처리인 'sieve filtering'을 제공한다. 이러한 기능들은 형태학적으로 처리된 결과를 증대하고 지형지물 종류들을 분리하는데 유용하다. 또한 배경의 제거, 잡음 탐지, 도시 환경 원격 탐사에서의 지형지물 특성화에 기여한다. 본 프로그램을 이용하는데 있어서 IKONOS 위성영상을 이용하여 시험 구현하였다. 결과, 다중 경계치 또는 steve filtering을 이용한 그레이 레벨 모폴로지 처리는 복잡한 지형지물과 많은 데이터로 구성된 고해상도 영상 내의 주어진 대상에서 자동적인 처리와 사용자 정의 sieve filtering으로 인한 효과적인 지형지물 추출 방법으로 간주 된다. 시안을 작성 표준화를 위한 첫 단계 시도를 소개하였다.분석 결과는 문장, 그림 및 도표, 장 끝의 질문, 학생의 학습 활동 수 등이 $0.4{\sim}1.5$ 사이의 값으로 학생 참여를 적절히 유도하는 발견 지향적 인 것으로 조사되었다. 그러나 장의 요약은 본문 내용을 반복하는 내용으로 구성되었다. 이와 같이 공통과학 과목은 새로운 현대 사회에 부응하는 교과 목표와 체계를 지향하고 있지만 아직도 통합과학으로서의 내용과 체계를 완전히 갖추고 있지 못할 뿐만 아니라 현재 사용되고 있는 7종의 교과서가 교육 목표를 충분히 반영하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 교사의 역할이 더욱더 중요하게 되었다.괴리가 작아진다. 이 결과에 따르면 위탁증거금의 징수는 그 제도의 취지에 부합되고 있다. 다만 제도운용상의 이유이거나 혹은 우리나라 주식시장의 투자자들이 비합리적인 투자형태를 보임에 따라 그 정책적 효과는 때로 역기능적인 결과로 초래하였다. 그럼에도 불구하고 이 연구결과를 통하여 최소한 주식시장(株式市場)에서 위탁증거금제도는 그 제도적 의의가 여전히 있다는 사실이 확인되었다. 또한 우리나라 주식시장에서 통상 과열투기 행위가 빈번히 일어나 주식시장을 교란시킴으로써 건전한 투자풍토조성에 저해된다는 저간의 우려가 매우 커왔으나 표본 기간동안에 대하여 실증분석을 한 결과 주식시장 전체적으로 볼 때 주가변동율(株價變動率), 특히 초과주가변동율(超過株價變動率)에 미치는 영향이 그다지 심각한 정도는 아니었으며 오히려 우리나라의 주식시장은 미국시장에 비해 주가가 비교적 안정적인 수준을 유지해 왔다고 볼 수 있다.36.4%)와 외식을 선호(29.1%)${\lrcorner}$ 하기 때문에 패스트푸드를 이용하게 된 것으로 응답 하였으며,

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.340-350
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• 1999

This study was to analyze the articulation between chemistry contents of science textbooks at elementary and middle school level, to survey students ? perceptions on chemistry concepts, to establish guidelines for science textbooks that not only meet the needs of learners but also fit in a coherent way. In order to do this, we analyzed links of the aims and the organization of chemistry contents of elementary and middle school science textbooks, we also surveyed students' perceptions on chemistry concepts students had retained. The study revealed that the 6th middle school curriculum was almost a duplicate of the elementary school syllabus. And there was no interrelation between the organization of chemistry contents and the aim of the chapter which built up a logical picture of the world at a molecular level. It was also found that the lack of coherence between science textbooks in elementary and middle school was a major cause of student difficulty.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.21-36
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• 2016

This study examines the sustaining power of program effects of Reading Comprehensive Strategy Program, for underachieving gifted students in middle schools, which was developed and applied by Choi(2015). The study was a kind of follow up study of Choi(2015) as this study traced and collected all data from the same samples that Choi(2015) used since Choi(2015) stopped his program and data collection from 31 participants for 9 to 12 months. As the results, Among 11 subjects, who overcome underachievement through Choi(2015)'s Reading Comprehensive Strategy Program, 5 subjects could consistently maintained their performance level. However, 3 subjects could not maintain their performance and went back to the underachieving level, and another 3 showed instability as they went up and down around the border line. And among 20 subjects, who could not help the underachieving level through Choi(2015)'s program, 5 subjects could reach the achieving level. But 15 subjects still remained in their underachieving level. In conclusion, we may say that at least 16.1%(5 among 31) of underachieving gifed students could overcome their underachiving issue by Choi(2015)'s program even in the most pessimistic view, and 51.6%(16 amoung 3) in the most optimistic view. After all, at least about 50% cases could not be explained only by cognitive factors such as absence of reading comprehensive strategy. We suggest that we should handle the underachieving issues of gifted students by more comprehensive approaches.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.31-37
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• 2020

Identification of the mandibular canal path in Computed Tomography (CT) scans is important in dental implantology. Typically, prior to the implant planning, dentists find a sagittal plane where the mandibular canal path is maximally observed, to manually identify the mandibular canal. However, this is time-consuming and requires extensive experience. In this paper, we propose a deep-learning-based framework to detect the desired sagittal plane automatically. This is accomplished by utilizing two main techniques: 1) a modified version of the iterative transformation network (ITN) method for obtaining initial planes, and 2) a fine searching method based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier for detecting the desirable sagittal plane. This combination of techniques facilitates accurate plane detection, which is a limitation of the stand-alone ITN method. We have tested on a number of CT datasets to demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve more satisfactory results compared to the ITN method. This allows dentists to identify the mandibular canal path efficiently, providing a foundation for future research into more efficient, automatic mandibular canal detection methods.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.336-344
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyse achievement of 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' in the Third International Mathematics and Science Study-Repeat (TIMSS-R), which was performed in 1999 with 38 nations participating. Korean 8th grade students' achievement of 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' was compared to that of other countries and other content areas in science. Average percent correct of items in each subcategory - Scientific Method, Experimental Design, Scientific Measurements, Describing and Interpreting Data - was also analysed. Although 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' topics were not included in intended curriculum in Korea, Korean students' average scale score of 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' was significantly higher than international average and, in comparison with other science content areas, achievement of that area was relatively high. The reasons could be that the most students studied topics related to 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' through the implemented curriculum and that the Korean teachers recognized the importance of inquiry. According to the results to analyze subcategories, the average percent correct of Korea were higher than 50% except the 'Scientific Measurements' subcategory. However, the international average percent correct were lower than 50%. Especially, the average percent correct of Korea was the highest in 'Describing and Interpreting Data' subcategory despite there were many students who were confused at observation, hypothesis and conclusion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.04b
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• pp.145-147
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 무선인터넷 환경에 적합한 개인화된 상품추천에이전트를 제안한다. 기존에 유선인터넷상의 많은 개인화 추천시스템에서는 초기 사용자 모델링을 위해 사용자에게 수많은 질의를 하고 응답을 요구하였다. 그러나 이러한 방식은 무선인터넷 환경에서 정보 전송량에 따른 높은 사용요금을 고려할 때 적용하기 힘든 방식이다. 본 제안 시스템은 사용자의 Social data률 이용하여 사용자를 비슷한 연령과 성별 그룹으로 나누고, 해당 그룹에서 구매율이 높은 상품을 우선 제시한 후, 사용자 행동을 모니터링 하여 암시적(Implicit)피드백을 통해 프로파일을 생성함으로써, 번거로운 질의-응답 과정 없이도 초기 사용자 모델링을 수행할 수 있다. 프로파일 생성 이후에는 이를 기반으로 하여 사용자몰 유사한 취향을 가진 그룹으로 다시 군집화한 후 협력적 추천을 하게 되며, 프로파일에는 해당 상품의 최종 카테고리명과 키워드를 수집함으로써, 상품의 브랜드와 규격정보를 반영한 추천이 가능하다. 또한 추천 상품과 사용자의 구매데이터와의 비교를 수행하여 사용자가 해당상품을 구매하였을 경우, 상품에 대한 취향정보는 그대로 유지하고 관련 상품을 추천하되, 구매한 상품이 중복 추천되지 않도록 하였다. 시스템 평가를 위해 프로토타입을 구현하여, 다수의 사용자에게 시스템을 이용하며 관심품목을 체크하도록 하였고. 추천횟수가 반복되며 히트율이 증가하는 결과를 통해 시스템의 학습속도와 성능을 평가하였다. 그리고 쇼핌몰에서 구매경험이 있는 사용자의 기존 구매데이터와 Social data를 이용한 초기 제시상품을 역으로 비교하여 오랜 시간과 비용 발생 없이도 초기 프로파일 생성의 유효성을 증명하였다. 포함하는 XML 질의에 대해서도 웹에서 캐쉬를 이용한 처리가 효율적임을 확인하였다.키는데 목적이 있다.RED에 비해 향상된 성능을 보여주었다.웍스 네트워크상의 다양한 디바이스들간의 네트워크 다양화와 분산화 기능을 얻을 수 있었고, 기존의 고가의 해외 솔루션인 Echelon사의 LonMaker 소프트웨어를 사용하지 않고도 국내의 순수 솔루션인 리눅스 기반의 LonWare 3.0 다중 바인딩 기능을 통해 저 비용으로 홈 네트워크 구성 관리 서버 시스템 개발에 대한 비용을 줄일 수 있다. 기대된다.e 함량이 대체로 높게 나타났다. 점미가 수가용성분에서 goucose대비 용출함량이 고르게 나타나는 경향을 보였고 흑미는 알칼리가용분에서 glucose가 상당량(0.68%) 포함되고 있음을 보여주었고 arabinose(0.68%), xylose(0.05%)도 다른 종류에 비해서 다량 함유한 것으로 나타났다. 흑미는 총식이섬유 함량이 높고 pectic substances, hemicellulose, uronic acid 함량이 높아서 콜레스테롤 저하 등의 효과가 기대되며 고섬유식품으로서 조리 특성 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.리하였다. 얻어진 소견(所見)은 다음과 같았다. 1. 모년령(母年齡), 임신회수(姙娠回數), 임신기간(姙娠其間), 출산시체중등(出産時體重等)의 제요인(諸要因)은 주산기사망(周産基死亡)에 대(對)하여 통계적(統計的)으로 유의(有意)한 영향을 미치고 있어 $25{\sim}29$세(歲)의 연령군에서, 2번째 임신과 2번째의 출산에서 그리고 만삭의 임신 기간에, 출산시체중(出産時體重) $3.50{\sim}3.99kg$사이의 아

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.58-70
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• 2019

In the case of a pedestrian traffic accident, it has a large-scale danger directly connected by a fatal accident at the time of the accident. The domestic ITS is not used for intelligent risk classification because it is used only for collecting traffic information despite of the construction of good quality traffic infrastructure. The CNN based pedestrian detection classification model, which is a major component of the proposed system, is implemented on an embedded system assuming that it is installed and operated in a restricted environment. A new model was created by improving YOLO's artificial neural network, and the real-time detection speed result of average accuracy 86.29% and 21.1 fps was shown with 20,000 iterative learning. And we constructed a protocol interworking scenario and implementation of a system that can connect with the ITS. If a pedestrian accident prevention system connected with ITS will be implemented through this study, it will help to reduce the cost of constructing a new infrastructure and reduce the incidence of traffic accidents for pedestrians, and we can also reduce the cost for system monitoring.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.44-57
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• 2019

Various studies have been conducted to solve traffic congestions in many metropolitan cities through accurate traffic flow prediction. Most studies are based on the assumption that past traffic patterns repeat in the future. Models based on such an assumption fall short in case irregular traffic patterns abruptly occur. Instead, the approaches such as predicting traffic pattern through big data analytics and artificial intelligence have emerged. Specifically, deep learning algorithms such as RNN have been prevalent for tackling the problems of predicting temporal traffic flow as a time series. However, these algorithms do not perform well in terms of long-term prediction. In this paper, we take into account various external factors that may affect the traffic flows. We model the correlation between the multi-dimensional context information with temporal traffic speed pattern using deep neural networks. Our model trained with the traffic data from TOPIS system by Seoul, Korea can predict traffic speed on a specific date with the accuracy reaching nearly 90%. We expect that the accuracy can be improved further by taking into account additional factors such as accidents and constructions for the prediction.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.334-351
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• 2018

Teacher's gaze empathy for students in science class is considered to be effective in enhancing the learning effect. Thus, studies on gaze empathy have been conducted, but most of the studies are just to reveal the characteristics of gaze. Therefore, it is necessary to deal with a research to raise the level of science teacher's gaze empathy. The purpose of this study is to develop an instruction consulting strategy based on eye tracking for improving science teachers' gaze empathy. In this study, we selected and analyzed relevant literature on teacher's gaze empathy. We also designed a consulting strategy and then revised the design through expert reviews on validity and reliability. The developed consulting strategy was aimed to improve science teacher's gaze empathy and set quantitative goal based on eye tracking. The consulting strategy consisted of six steps: preparation for consulting, measurement and analysis of teacher's gaze empathy, instruction and feedback of gaze empathy, training for improving gaze empathy, evaluation of consulting result, and completion of the consulting. In addition, the consultation was completed or repeated again through the measurement and evaluation of gaze empathy using eye tracking. The developed consulting strategy has a value in that it provides an alternative with quantitative diagnosis and prescription for improving gaze empathy. The strategy can contribute to enhance teacher professional competency through the analysis of teaching behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.379-388
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• 2020

The purpose of this study are to develop the TEP activity for learning experimental apparatus at elementary school and to test the effects of the TEP activity. This study consists of two steps. First through literature research on the difficulties and needs of experimental apparatus education developed the form that how to educate the experimental apparatus at elementary school. Second, applied the TEP activity and figured out the effects as two aspect(knowledge about experimental apparatus and actual using skill during lesson). This worksheet was applied to 3rd grade students in elementary school about 4 experimental apparatuses(Beaker, Electronic scale, Glass rod, Spatula). The results of this study are as follows: There is no specific time to teach what is and how to use experimental apparatus by regular curriculum. So many students and teachers need method and time to learn them. Also they want to lots of opportunities to use them. With that needs given previously, TEP activity developed by 3 steps. 1. Trigger interest 2. Explore experimental apparatus: learned knowledges about experimental apparatus focused on appearance(name, purpose, directions for use, precautions) 3. Practice experimental apparatus: actual using time to acquire skills. After that did the survey of knowledge and observation of students' behavior during usual class to confirm the effects. According to the results, TEP activity helped the students to improve there awareness of the experimental apparatus and actual using skills.