• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.10-15
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• 2012

Recently we have a growing interest in environmental pollution and alternative energy. Diesel engine is generally used to produce the power on the ground and the sea. However, the combustion characteristics are changed on account of the wear of fuel system and the altered ambient condition of the combustion chamber by the increment of the engine operation hour. Therefore combustion characteristics on fuel injection timing are experimentally investigated to find out the optimum fuel injection timing in the case of the aged diesel engine using biodiesel blend oil. Cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise, rate of heat release and combustion gas temperature are risen by the advancing fuel injection timing, while the exhaust gas temperature and soot emission level are decreased by the advancing of fuel injection timing. The least specific fuel oil consumption is indicated at BTDC $26^{\circ}$ CA on the 75%load and at 1800rpm.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.320-328
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• 2014

Biodiesel has very similar physical properties (density, kinematic viscosity) and has even higher cetane number compare with conventional diesel. There are no necessity to change or modify the infra-structure & engine system. It is known that fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) is oxygen-contained components increasing the combustibility, biodegradability and reduced the exhaust harmful gas. These things made the biodiesel more popular as an alternative diesel fuel. But biodiesel's sources are controversial issues about $CO_2$ reduction effect at this time because those mainly come from edible plants such as soy, palm, rapeseed already spent lot of $CO_2$ to cultivate. Whereas micro-algae is focused because they are inedible and has rapid growth rates & high carbon-dioxide adsorption rate per area. In this study, we analyze the each FAME components using $GC{\times}GC$-TOFMS in stead of GC-FID and verify the previous total FAME contents method's applicability through the micro algal biodiesel derived from Dunaliella tertiolecta.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.25-46
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• 2010

The demand for fuel and energy resources continues to grow due to increased consumption and emerging economies in all parts of the world. With this increase in demand, crude oil prices in the international market has jumped dramatically. Global warming, which is a consequence of increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, has become scientific, social, and political concerns. To cope with global warming and energy crisis, cost-competitive biofuels are urgently needed. In addition, development of an infrastructure, which supplies energy stably and diversifies energy resources, as well as new cost-saving technologies should be developed to reduce the costs of producing biofuels. Due to high oleic acid content, rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is currently the potential feedstock for biodiesel production in temperate zone region and the production and use of rapeseed oil is already commercialized in Europe. In Korea double-cropping (rice and rapeseed) became more prevalent because it reduces competitions from land constraints. Production of rapeseed as a biodiesel feedstock may reduce the influence of rising oil prices and nation's dependence on imported petroleum and increase job opportunities and farm incomes.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.542-547
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• 2010

n-Paraffin and saturated fatty acid methyl esters in the diesel and bio-diesel fuel crystallize at low temperature. Many articles have addressed various solutions for the low temperature crystallization problem and one of them is the use of methacrylate copolymers. In this work, we synthesized a series of copolymers in the reaction condition of 70 : 30 molar ratio of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) (or stearyl methacrylate (SMA)) and alkyl methacrylates. The structures of the copolymers were characterized by $^1H$-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy, and the molecular weight of copolymers were obtained from Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) method. The concentrations of additives were 500~1000 ppm and 1000~10000 ppm in diesel fuels and bio-diesel fuel (BD5 and BD20), respectively. The addition of copolymers changes the many properties of fuel such as the pour point (PP), cloud point (CP) and cold filtering plugging point (CFPP). For example, the low temperature properties of the copolymers containing SMA ($PSMAmR_2n$) were excellently improved about 15, 7, and $10^{\circ}C$ for PP, CP and CFPP, respectively.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.97-104
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• 2007

The object of this work is to analyze the macroscopic spray performance and atomization characteristics between diesel and biodiesel fuels. In this study, the effects of mixture ratios of biodiesel fuel on the spray tip penetration, fuel injection rate, spray cone angle, and the atomization characteristics such as droplet size, droplets distribution, and spray arrival time according to the axial distance were investigated at various injection parameters. It is revealed that the injection rate is more affected by injection pressure than mixture ratio. And, the spray development process is closely matched between diesel and biodiesel fuels. However, the droplet atomization characteristics of biodiesel shows deteriorated results as the mixture ratio of biodiesel increased because of the high viscosity and density.

• LP가스
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• s.105
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• pp.43-50
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• 2006

연료로서의 DME 디메틸에테르(화학식 CH -O-CH ,DME)는 당초 가정용 캔 스프레이 등 분사 약제인 프레온의 대체 물질로 사용되기 시작했다. 그 후 양호한 압축 착화성이나 무연 연소하는 성질을 가지는 등 디젤 엔진의 연로로서 LP 가스와 동등한 증기압을 가져 LP가스의 대체연료로서 현재 전 세계에서 활발히 연구개발이 이뤄지고 있다. DME의 재료는 천연가스, 석탄, 바이오매스 등 다양한 자원에서 제조가 가능한데 이들로부터 합성가스(CO,H )를 추출.합성해 제조한다. 이것은 경제규모에 미달하는 부존자원의 유효한 이용이나 자원의 다양화에도 연결되기 때문에 차세대 연료로서 주목받고 있다. 천연가스로부터 저가로 대량 생산이 가능한 직적법이나 메탄올을 탈수해 제조하는 간접법 등 제조 기술도 확립되어 있다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.8-17
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• 2002

In this study, it was tried to analyze not only total hydrocarbon but individual hydrocarbon components from C$_1$to C$\sub$6/ in exhaust gas using gas chromatography to seek the reason fur remarkable differences of smoke emission of diesel fuel, esterfied rice bran oil and blended fuel(esterfied rice bran oil 20vo1-% + diesel fuel 80vo1-%). Individual hydrocarbons(C$_1$ ∼C$\sub$6/) as well as total hydrocarbon of esterfied rice bran oil is reduced remarkably compared with diesel fuel. Although smoke emission of esterfied rice bran oil reduced remarkably compared with commercial diesel fuel, NOx emission of esterfied rice bran oil and blended fuel was increased slightly at high loads and speeds. And, it was tried to reduced NOx emission of them by exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) method. Simultaneous reduction of smoke and NOx emission was achieved with the combination of esterfied rice bran oil and EGR method in consequence.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.263-263
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• 2011

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.197-204
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• 2012

The vast stores of biomass available in the worldwide have the potential to displace significant amounts of fuels that are currently derived from petroleum sources. Fast pyrolysis of biomass is one of possible paths by which we can convert biomass to higher value products. The wood pyrolysis oil (WPO), also known as the bio crude oil (BCO), has been regarded as an alternative fuel for petroleum fuels to be used in diesel engine. However, the use of WPO in a diesel engine requires modifications due to low energy density, high water contents, low acidity, and high viscosity of the WPO. One of the easiest way to adopt WPO to diesel engine without modifications is emulsification of WPO with diesel or bio diesel. In this study, a DI diesel engine operated with diesel, bio diesel (BD), WPO/BD emulsion was experimentally investigated. Performance and gaseous & particle emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled by WPO/BD emulsion were examined. Results showed that stable engine operation was possible with emulsion and engine output power was comparable to diesel and bio diesel operation.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2016

The dimensionless extinction constants of smoke particles produced from burning of soy methyl ester (B100) biodiesel and ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuels were measured. To this end, optical measurements of smoke volume fraction with the aid of a He-Ne laser at 633 nm were compared to the simultaneous gravimetric measurements. The average value of measured dimensionless extinction constants at 633 nm was 11.8 for biodiesel smoke particles and 11.1 for diesel smoke particles, respectively whose values are very comparable withing the range of measurement uncertainty (${\pm}10.1%$). The analysis of Raman spectroscopy revealed that overall characteristics of light extinction between particles produced from each fuel may differ from each other.