• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2014

Because food crops serve as the raw materials for biodiesel, the increasing use of biodiesel as an alternative fuel can lead to adverse effects such as food price inflation and may contribute to global starvation. To solve these problems, efforts are being made to explore various nonedible raw materials for producing biodiesel. Different raw materials impart different fuel characteristics to biodiesel. In this study, we synthesized pure fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), which is a biodiesel component, and then analyzed its fuel properties. The fuel properties of pure FAME would be useful in producing biodiesel from various new raw materials.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.108-114
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• 2007

This study investigates the influence of energizing duration on the fuel atomization characteristics of biodiesel injected through a high pressure common-rail injector. In order to analyze the effect of energizing duration on the fuel injection rate performance, the injection rate of biodiesel fuel is obtained from the pressure variation in the tube filled with fuel in injection measuring system. On the other hand, the atomization characteristics of biodiesel was measured and compared in terms of Sauter mean diameter(SMD), arithmetic mean diameter(AMD), droplet mean velocity, and detected droplets number by applying a phase Doppler particle analyzer(PDPA). It was revealed that the injection mass and maximum injection rate increase with increase of the energizing duration. Moreover, the increase of energizing duration improves the atomization performance of biodiesel fuel because it induces higher droplets momentum and velocity.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

This experiment was undertaken to investigate the atomization characteristics of the low viscosity biodiesel blended fuel and ultrasonic energy added one. Test fuels were conventional diesel fuel and biodiesel fuel. We compared to the characteristics of viscosity and surface tension, SMD between low viscosity biodiesel blended fuel and ultrasonic energy added one. Sauter mean diameter was measured under the variation of the spray distance. Viscosity and surface tension was measured under the variation of the time trace. To measure the droplet size, we used the Malvern system 2600C. Droplet size distribution was analyzed from the result data of Malvern system. Through this experiment, we found that the condition of the ultrasonic energy added situation had smaller Sauter mean diameter of droplet, viscosity and surface tension than that of the conventional situation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.23-29
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• 2004

This work was conducted to figure out the atomization characteristics of three types of bio-diesel fuels using a common-rail injection system. The process of spray development was visualized by using a spray visualization system composed of a Nd:YAG laser and an ICCD camera, The spray tip penetrations were analyzed based on the frozen images from the spray visualization system. On the other hand, the microscopic atomization characteristics such as the distributions of SMD and axial mean velocity were measured by using a phase Doppler particle analyzer system, It is revealed that the sprays of the bio-diesel fuels have larger SMD than that of diesel fuel mainly due to high viscosity of bio-diesel. Different characteristics of bio-diesel fuels were also measured in spray tip penetrations according to the fuels and mixing ration.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.577-596
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• 2018

ASEAN countries consist of vast coastal areas and thousands of islands that are vulnerable to the effects of climate change on sea level rise. It is believed that this will play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions globally in order to minimize the damage suffered by ASEAN countries. To overcome this issue, biofuels have been used to minimize the impact on the environment by replacing fossil fuels and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In those cases of United States, Brazil and Europe, where biofuels are highly utilized, research, development and investment in this field have been actively conducted in the past. In ASEAN countries, however, it has not been a long time since the biofuel policies were established. To overcome this problem, we investigated the renewable fuel policy in the United States, Brazil and the European Union. Based on this, we suggested the utilization plan and prospect of biofuel policy in ASEAN countries.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2009

Biodiesel is estimated to be the best recycling energy source as an alternative fuel for transportation vehicles which represents the biggest share of greenhouse effect gas exhausts. Thus, in order to widely expand use of biodiesel and to enhancement its reliability, studies on quality improvement of biodiesel is needed. In this study, we have produced biodiesel(BD100, BD20) through esterification reaction using raw material of waste frying oil and analyzed compatibility with 24 items of quality criteria. As waste frying oil has high contents of unsaturated fatty acid such as Oleic acid, Linoleic acid and Linolenic acid, it is confirmed that there is no problem in using the same as a raw material of biodiesel. The result of analyzing the quality criteria items of biodiesel showed that it satisfied all the quality criteria except the oxidation stability of BD100, which was 2 hours, fatty acid methyl ester of BD20, which was 18.6w% and the filter plugging point, which was $-5^{\circ}C$. We believe that it will contribute to improved utilization of waste resources as alternative energy if studies on technology to improve quality of some items are provided.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.204-204
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• 2011

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.271-272
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• 2014

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.250.2-250.2
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• 2010

빛과 공기 중의 이산화탄소를 고정화하여 생성되는 바이오매스(biomass)로부터 다양한 에너지 및 물질을 생산하는 연구는 석유고갈과 환경문제 해결의 한 방안으로서 활발히 진행되어 왔으며, 앞으로도 그 지속 가능성과 환경 친화성에 의해 바이오에너지 이용 및 보급은 꾸준한 증가세를 보일 것으로 전망된다. 바이오디젤, 바이오에탄올의 경우는 미국, 브라질, EU, 한국 등에서 상용화되어 사용되고 있으며 그 생산량이 계속적으로 증가하고 있다. 하지만, 바이오연료의 보급 증가는 식량 자원과의 충돌과 열대우림 파괴 등의 부작용을 일으키고 있다. 이러한 문제 해결의 일환으로 단위면적당 생산성이 대두, 유채보다 월등한 것으로 보고되는 미세조류에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있으며 우수 미세조류종 개발, 미세조류 고속배양 및 수확, 미세조류로부터 에너지 및 유용물질, 소재 생산에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 미세조류로부터 바이오디젤 원료유를 생산하기 위해 Soxhlet을 이용한 추출 방법을 이용하였다. 추출되는 오일은 사용 용매의 극성에 따라 물성과 추출 효율에 차이가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 강한 극성의 용매일 경우, 엽록소와 단백질이 같이 추출되는 문제가 있으며 약한 극성 용매는 세포벽의 방해로 용매가 세포내부로 흡수되지 못하는 문제가 있다. 추출 효율이 높은 극성용매의 경우 불순물을 제거해야 고순도의 바이오디젤의 생산이 가능하고 비극성 용매는 추출 오일의 물성은 좋으나 수율이 매우 낮게 측정되었다. 이러한 동시추출을 방지함과 동시에 추출 효율을 높이기 위해 본 연구에서는 세포벽 파괴 후 용매추출하는 방법으로서 미세조류를 Microwave에 노출시켜 오일 추출율을 증가시키는 전처리 연구를 수행하였다. 전처리시, Microwave에 의한 열 발생은 미세조류를 탄화시키기 때문에 열매체로서 물을 혼합하여 탄화를 방지하고 세포벽 내외부의 가열효과로 세포벽을 파괴하고자 하였다. Microwave에 의한 에너지 손실을 줄이며 세포벽 파괴에 효과적인 수분혼합비를 조사하였으며 Microwave에 노출 후 잔류수분을 건조하고 효율적으로 용매를 접촉시키기 위해 분쇄를 수행하였다. 모든 전처리 반응을 거친 미세조류에서 약 2배 증가된 추출수율을 얻을 수 있었으며, SEM을 통해 전처리 미세조류와 미전처리 미세조류를 분석해본 결과 전처리 미세조류의 다공성이 증가함을 확인하였다. 또한, 90%의 메탄올에 미세조류를 녹여 엽록소 함유량을 측정한 결과, 전처리 미세조류의 엽록소가 미전처리 미세조류보다 약 7배가량 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.386-403
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• 2016

Biofuels produced from biomass can be substituted for petroleum fuels due to GHG reduction, sustainability and environmental friendly. The process technologies that convert biomass into biofuels are varied and depend on the feedstocks. Microalgae are considered to be one of the most promising alternative source to the conventional feedstocks for biofuel. Microalgae can be converted to biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas and biojet fuel via thermolchemical and biochemical production technologies. This reviews discusses recent advance in understanding the effects of the characteristics of various processes on the production of biofuels using microalgae. The performances of microalgae based biofuel are compared.