• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2017

Purpose: We suspect there is a difference in the clinical manifestations and treatment response to antiviral drugs for influenza A and B. This study was conducted to investigate this difference. Methods: We collected information on pediatric patients, infected with the influenza virus, admitted to Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital from October 2013 to May 2015. We investigated the clinical manifestations of influenza and differences in treatment response to oseltamivir treatment for the two types of influenza. Results: A total of 138 patients were included. The mean age was $3.5{\pm}4.0$ years. When comparing the diseases associated with influenza A and B, croup (19.2% vs. 1.7%, P=0.001) was more common with influenza A infection. Myositis (0% vs. 6.7%, P=0.021) and gastroenteritis (29.5% vs. 46.7%, P=0.038) were more common with influenza B infection. When comparing the total fever duration from the start of oseltamivir administration, patients treated with oseltamivir within 2 days of fever had the shortest duration. Among the patients treated with oseltamivir, the duration of fever, after the start of oseltamivir treatment, for was shorter for influenza A infection than for influenza B infection ($16.0{\pm}19.1$ hours vs. $28.9{\pm}27.9$ hours, P=0.006). Conclusions: There appear to be differences in the accompanying diseases and antiviral medication responses between the two types of influenza. It is important to administer oseltamivir within 2 days of fever.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.257-264
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• 1997

Purpose: We performed this study to find out short period humoral immunogenicity and safety of 47 passaged Oka strain live attenuated varicella vaccine(1,400PFU) in 12 months to 15 years aged healthy children. Methods: Ninety nine healthy chidren, who have no histories of varicella vaccination, recent chicken pox illness and contact, allergy to other vaccines and underlying severe diseases, were involved in this study from April 1997 to August 1997. 5ml blood were collected before vaccination and after vaccination from all vaccinees to measure varicella membrane antibody by FAMA, and varicella IgG antibody by EIA. And immediate reactions within 30 minutes after vaccination, local and systemic reactions within 3 days after vaccination and vaccine induced systemic illness during 6 weeks postvaccination period were observed in all vaccinees to identify side effects of study vaccine. Results: 1) 49 seronegative and 50 seropositive vaccinees were identified in both prevaccination serologic tests. 2) Serologic responses after vaccination measured by the FAMA in seronegative group showed that the mean GMT level revealed 64.0, and seroconversion rate was 97.9%. And serologic responses after vaccination measured by the FAMA in seropositive group showed that the mean GMT level(242.2) was markedly elevated comparing with the mean GMT level(9.2) of pre vaccination. 3) The results of EIA in seronegative group revealed that postvaccination mean GMT was 435.2(prevaccination GMT; 78.7), and 100% seroconversion rate. Also, the results of EIA in seropositve group showed that the mean GMT level(769.9) of postvaccination was almostly two fold hihger than the mean GMT level(419.7) of prevaccination. 4) Observed local reactions like injection sites redness, pain, hardness and itching sense were mild and disappeared within 3 days, also shorterm systemic reactions like irritability, lethargy, poor appetites and rash were not remarkable. And there were no remarkable side effects due to vaccine during study period in all vaccinees. Conclusion: We confirmed that 47 paasaged Oka strain live attenuated varicella vaccine has high shorterm humoral immunogenicity and safety. However, we need more detail and longterm humoral and cell mediated immunogenicity studies of this vaccine including clinical field trials.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.264-264
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• 1994

본 연구는 보리 씨앗에 존재하는 리보솜 불활성화 단백질(RIP) 의 삼차원 구조를 X-선 결정학 방법을 이용하여 밝히고, 그 결과로 분자 차원에서 기능을 이해하는 것을 목적으로 하고있다. 리보솜불활성화 단백질은 N-glucosidase 반응을 통하여 단백질 합성을 저해하기 때문에 세포를 죽일 수 있다. 따라서 암세포만을 특정적으로 인식하는 다른 물질과 결합시키면 암세포만을 특정적으로 죽일 수 있는 면역독소로 이용될 수 있다. 또, 최근에는 항바이러스의 작용을 함이 밝혀져 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 단백질 삼차원 구조 규명을 위해서는 여러가지 단계가 있는데 지난 번 과제까지 성공적으로 리보솜 불활성화 단백질의 대량 분리와 X-선 결정학의 필수 요건 좋은 결정을 길렀고, 이번에는 구조 해석을 위해 꼭 해결해야하는 위상문제를 극복하기 위하여 여러가지 실험을 진행하였다. 우선, 비슷한 구조인 피마자씨에서 분리한 Ricin의 A-체인과 미국자리공 잎에서 분리한 Pokeweed antiviral protein의 삼차원 분자좌표를 이용하여 분자치환법으로 위상문제 해결을 시도하였다. Ricin 의 A-체인을 이용하였을 때 분자의 위치가 정확히 찾아지지 않았고, 다른 모델인 Pokeweed antiviral protein을 이용하여 X-PLOR 프로그램내의 PC refinement법으로 분자치환을 시도하였다. Euler각도로 (187.37, 22.5, 311.94) 의 회전해 (Rotation solution) 를 가지고 있었고, 이러한 해에 맞추어서 분자를 돌려둔 후, 이동해 (Transaltion solution) 을 구해서 그 위치 (Orientation) 로 분자를 이동하였다. 이 때 R값은 53.9 % (8.0 - 3.5$\AA$) 이였고, 부분좌표 (Fractional coorcdinate) 에서는 0.102, 0.000, 0.261 이고, 직교좌표 (Orthogonal coorclinate) 에서는 4.616, 0.000, 13.167 의 결과를 얻었다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.3C
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• pp.112-118
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a new nonlinear matching measure for automatic analysis of the on-off type DNA microarray images in which the hybridized spots are detected by the template matching method. The proposed measure is obtained by binary-thresholding over the whole template region and taking the number of white pixels inside the spotted area. This measure is compared with the normalized covariance in terms of the classification ability of the successfulness of the locating markers. The proposed measure is evaluated for the scanned images of HPV DNA microarrays where the marker locating is a critical issue because of the small number of spots. The targeting spots of HPV DNA chips are designed for genotyping 22 types of the human papilloma virus(HPV). The proposed measure is proven to give more discriminative response reducing the miss cases of the successful marker locating.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.70-74
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• 2008

Herpes simplex virus has rarely been identified as a cause of esophagitis in immunocompetent children. This virus affects predominantly males presenting with symptoms of fever, odynophagia, dysphagia, and retrosternal pain of acute onset. Esophagoscopy typically reveals exudative well-circumscribed ulcerations of the distal and/or mid-esophagus. Further investigations using biopsy, viral culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and seroconversion of antibodies to Herpes simplex are recommended to assist with a definitive diagnosis. This esophagitis is often a self-limited infection in immunocompetent children. Nevertheless, antiviral treatment may expedite symptom relief with Herpes simplex virus infection. It is imperative to document herpes esophagitis in cases with subsequent severe odynophagia in immunocompetent children. Here we present the case of a 12-year-old immunocompetent boy with herpes esophagitis.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.1087-1095
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• 2015

Influenza, commonly known as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by the influenza virus. We consider, in this paper, regression models as a prediction model of influenza disease. While most of previous researches use mainly the meteorological variables as a predictive variables, we consider social media information in the models. As a result, we found that the contributions of two-type of informations are comparable. We used the medical treatment data of influenza provided by Natioal Health Insurance Survice (NHIS) and the meteorological data provided by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). We collect social media information (twitter buzz amount) from Twitter. Time series model is also considered for comparison.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.79-84
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• 1993

Infection of Chinook Salmon Embryo (CHSE) cells with IPNV resulted in a significant decrease in intracellular free calcium concentration ([$Ca^{2+}$]i) compared to mock-infected cells. The degree of the decrease in [Ca$^{2+}$]i was dependent on the amount of input virus, and treatment of IPNV-infected CHSE cells with metabolic inhibitors such as cyloheximide cordycepin partially reversed the decrease in [$Ca^{2+}$]i in IPNV-infected cells. Inactiation of PINV with UV also abolished IPNV-induced decrease in [$Ca^{2+}$]i. These data suggest an active role of IPNV in the decrease of [Ca$^{2+}$]i in the infected CHSE cells. The importance of the decrease in [$Ca^{2}$i] could be supported by the finding that the production of IPNV plaques increased in the cells treated with verapamil, a calcium influex blocker, and by lowering the concentration of extracellular calcium. Decreased production of IPNV plaques was observed by elevating the extracellular calcium. Thus, it is suggested that IPNV induced a decreased in [$Ca^{2+}$]i and the decrease in [$Ca^{2+}$]i may plan an importat role in efficient replication of IPNV.ation of IPNV.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 2008

The long terminal repeat (LTR) of retroviral DNA genome plays an important role in the integration process by providing substrate recognition site for viral integrase (IN). The dinucleotide CA near the 3'-end of the LTR termini is completely conserved among retoviruses. In order to study specificity of interaction between prototype foamy virus (PFV) IN and its U5 LTR DNA, the effect of mutagenesis of the CA sequence was investigated by studying reactivity of PFV IN to the mutant LTR substrates. Replacement of only the C or the A allowed 60 to 100% of the reactivity of the wild type LTR substrate. In addition, replacement of the C and the A showed 50 to 80% of the reactivity of the wild type LTR substrate, indicating that PFV IN has less specificity on the conserved CA sequence when it is compared to the other retroviral INs. Therefore it is suggested that PFV IN is less dependent on the conserved sequence of LTR termini for its enzymatic reaction.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.236-240
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• 2003

Human immune system acts to protect the host from infectious agents (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites) and from other noxious insults. However, immune diseases are sometimes caused by the impairment of immune system leading to abnormal immune response. Especially, autoimmune diseases are very diverse and often bring serious damage Although many active investigations to reveal the etiological mechanisms concerning the autoimmune diseases, it still remains unclear. After proposing a HERV (human endogenous retrovirus) as a candidate autoimmune gene in type I diabetes, it is newly attracting our attention for demonstrating that an endogenous human retroviral superantigen can be transactivated by interferon-$\alpha$ (IFN- $\alpha$) or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. These might provide us with powerful clues to carry out further studies to overcome autoimmune diseases as the presentation of a relatively clear connection between endogenous superantigens and human diseases.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.53-57
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• 2018

고도의 산업화에 따라 도시의 성장과 인구의 밀집으로 인하여 물의 수요가 증가하고 이에 따라 각종 오염원의 유입이 증가함에 따라서 적절한 수질 관리에 대한 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 그리고 산업이 다양화됨에 따라 배출되는 하 폐수의 특성도 다양해져 기존의 수질처리장은 효율적인 처리를 하는데 있어 많은 어려움이 발생되고 있다. 굴 패각은 하수처리의 담체로 이용할 경우 살수여상의 문제점 중 하나로 나타나는 막힘 현상을 다소 감소시킬 수 있고, 다공질체로서 표면적이 불규칙하고 비표면적이 크기 때문에 반응기내에 공기를 원활하게 공급할 수 있으며, 중금속 이온과 유기물에 대한 흡착 효율이 뛰어나 미생물이 쉽게 부착, 성장할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 천연광물질은 전 세계적으로 발견되어 활용된 역사가 짧지만, 그 특징은 산소결핍보충, 유해원소 흡착 성능, 반도체 작용, 인체 면역력 강화, 바이러스성 질병의 예방, 중금속 해독 등의 다양한 특징으로 환경호르몬 제고, 음이온 원적외선 발생으로 세포의 노화방지, 인체 노폐물 제거와 같은 특징을 지닌 매우 유용한 자원으로 확인되고 있으며, 수질정화 능력이 탁월한 것으로 보고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 어촌폐기물인 굴 패각과 수질정화에 탁월한 천연 광물질을 혼합하여 경제적이고, 효율성이 높은 다공성 수질개선 담체를 개발하고, 수목여과용 비점오염시설 장치에 적용하여 혼합 담체가 수처리 시설의 담체로서 사용이 가능한지, 수목여과용 비점오염시설 장치에 적용할 수 있는지 검토하고자 수행하였다. 이 연구는 2017년 중소기업청 기술개발사업에서 연구지원을 받아 연구되었습니다.